基于CRITIC-GR-TOPSIS法的烟台市水资源承载力综合评价

[目的]对山东省烟台市水资源承载具体状况进行定量与定性分析,提出相应提高水资源承载力的对策和建议,为实现烟台市水资源可持续发展提供科学参考.[方法]建立涵盖水资源、社会、经济和水环境4个准则层的评价指标体系,运用CRITIC-GR-TOPSIS法,对2003-2018年烟台市水资源承载力进行综合评价,以相对贴近度Cj作...     

自然感染日本血吸虫病耕牛血清循环抗原消长规律的研究

为了观察疫区自然感染日本血吸虫病耕牛血清循环抗原消长规律,本试验将血吸虫病非疫区的水、黄牛各１０头,转运至安徽省血吸虫病疫区,接受为期８周的自然感染。用斑点酶联免疫吸附试验测定牛血清循环抗原。结果,水、黄牛血清循环抗原滴度均于自然感染第４周后明显上升,水、黄牛自然感染第８周的血清循环抗原最高滴度分为１∶１０２４０和１∶５１２０,最低滴度则分别为１∶１２８０和１∶６４０,水牛循环抗原滴度高于黄牛。虫荷数与血清循环抗原滴度未见有相关性。     

河北进境种用动物衣原体血清学检测

衣原体病是一种重要的人畜共患病,给养殖业带来巨大的经济损失,同时严重威胁从业人员的身体健康。本研究对河北辖区引进的2批种鸡、2批种鸭及2批种猪进行抽样,使用间接血凝试验（IHA）检测引进种用动物的衣原体抗体。结果表明：衣原体IHA抗体阳性率为15.7%。在种鸡、种鸭和种猪中均检测到衣原体IHA抗体,阳性率分别为18.1%、4.2%和20%。这说明在引进种用动物中存在着较高的衣原体抗体阳性率,需要加强对该病的检测。     

The 16MΔvjbR as an ideal live attenuated vaccine candidate for differentiation between Brucella vaccination and infection

Brucellosis brings great economic burdens for developing countries. Live attenuated vaccines are the most efficient means for prevention and control of animal Brucellosis. However, the difficulties of differentiating of infection from vaccine immunization, which is essential for eradication programs, limit their applications. Therefore, the development of a vaccine that could differentiate infection from immunization will overcome the limitations and get extensive application. VjbR is a quorum sensing regulator involving in Brucella's intracellular survival. The vjbR∷Tn5 mutants have been proven effective against wild type strain challenge, implying its possibility of use in vaccine candidate development. To further evaluate this candidate gene, in the present study, the antigenicity of purified recombinant VjbR protein was analyzed. Antibodies to Brucella melitensis VjbR could be detected in sera from patients and animals with brucellosis but not in control ones, implying the potential use of this protein as a diagnostic antigen. Then a vjbR mutant of B. melitensis 16M was constructed by replacing the vjbR with kanamycin gene. The mutant showed reduced survival in macrophage and mice. Vaccination of BALB/c mice with 16MΔvjbR conferred significant protective immunity against B. melitensis strain 16M challenges, being equivalent to which induced by the license vaccine Rev.1. The vjbR deletion mutant elicited an anti-Brucella-specific immunoglobulin G response and induced the secretion of gamma interferon and interleukin-10. The most importance is that, the use of vjbR mutants as vaccines in association with diagnostic tests based on the VjbR antigen would allow the serological differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. These results suggest that 16MΔvjbR is an ideal live attenuated vaccine candidate against B. melitensis and deserves further evaluation for vaccine development.     

番鸭源鸭疫里默氏菌大环内脂类药物的耐药基因检测与分析

为了解莆田市番鸭源鸭疫里默氏菌对大环内酯类药物的耐药性和相关耐药基因携带情况,对本实验室分离鉴定的49株番鸭源鸭疫里默氏菌菌株采用K-B纸片扩散法进行药敏试验,提取菌株基因组DNA,采用PCR方法对大环内酯类药物的ermA、ermB、ermC、ermF、ereD等5种耐药基因进行检测,阳性产物送公司测序并对序列进行分析...     

哺乳与保育仔猪腹泻的综合防治

<正>我国仔猪腹泻现象十分普遍,导致饲料报酬较低、成活率下降、生长发育停滞。引起腹泻发生的病因往往是多因素相互作用,呈多重感染或交叉混合感染,临床诊断防治困难,严重威胁着养猪业的健康发展。     

槟榔江水牛OXCT1基因的分子特征及组织表达谱分析

本研究对槟榔江水牛3-酮酸辅酶A转移酶1（3-oxoacid CoA-transferase 1,OXCT1）基因的完整CDS区进行了PCR扩增,并对其功能生物信息学和多组织差异表达进行了分析。以普通牛OXCT1基因序列（GenBank登录号：XM_006076397）为参考序列,采用Primer Premier 5.0软件设计引物序列,以提取的槟榔江水牛基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增获得槟榔江水牛OXCT1基因mRNA序列,扩增产物经测序后利用ORF Finder软件进行开放阅读框识别,获得水牛OXCT1基因CDS区全序列,并对其进行生物信息学分析。结果显示,槟榔江水牛OXCT1基因CDS序列全长1 563 bp,编码520个氨基酸,蛋白分子式为C₂₅₀₉H₄₀₄₁N₆₈₇O₇₄₆S₂₃,分子质量为56.50 ku,理论等电点（pI）为8.69,不稳定系数为27.49,平均疏水性（GRAVY）为-0.097,该蛋白属弱亲水性蛋白。OXCT1蛋白无信号肽和跨膜结构,属于线粒体膜蛋白;包含pcaJ_scoB_fam和AtoD 2个保守结构域,且具有5个功能活性位点。槟榔江水牛与普通牛、藏羚羊等5个物种的OXCT1氨基酸序列同源性≥ 97%。对槟榔江水牛13个组织进行表达谱分析表明,在泌乳期,OXCT1基因在乳腺中表达量最高,在肾脏、垂体、脂肪、大脑、皮肤和肌肉中不表达;在非泌乳期,OXCT1基因在除脂肪以外的其他12个组织中都有表达。OXCT1基因在槟榔江水牛泌乳期乳腺组织中表达量最高,推测其可能参与了水牛的乳脂合成调控事件。本研究结果可为深入了解乳脂合成代谢及其调控机制提供依据。     

基于广义混合效应模型的云冷杉林天然更新计数方法研究

天然更新是森林恢复较好的办法,对未来林分结构和生物多样性具有深远的影响。更新模型能够模拟天然更新的现实和未来状况,为森林经营者提供准确的森林计划。以吉林省汪清林业局2013年设置的12块云冷杉针阔混交林为例,选择泊松和负二项分布形式,考虑样地间的随机效应,构建基于林分因子的云冷杉针阔混交林天然更新模型。结果表明：各个树种对林分因子的反应不一,白桦更新株数与林分每公顷株数和平均直径均呈负相关;红松和水曲柳更新株数不受各个林分因子的影响,更新株数是随机的;冷杉更新株数与林分每公顷断面积呈负相关;色木槭和云杉更新株数均与林分平均直径呈负相关。在考虑样地的随机截距效应后,模型的模拟效果显著提高。在构建天然更新模型时,林分密度是十分重要的因子,如果要人工促进天然更新,就要科学合理的采取经营措施,以确保合理的林分密度。另外样地间的差异是不容忽略的因素,需要利用混合效应模型方法来降低预测误差。     

射频识别技术在畜禽养殖中的应用与展望

随着畜禽规模养殖的发展,高度集约化养殖模式将影响畜禽的健康状况、疫病防控和福利水平。一种无接触、无应激的射频识别（Radio Frequency Identifi cation,RFID）技术应运而生,该技术可以在无损状态下采集畜禽的行为、生理生化和养殖环境指标,从而为评估集约化养殖的效果和影响提供基础数据。文章讨论了三种常见类型的RFID系统在畜禽养殖中的应用,系统地比较了各类系统的优缺点及适宜应用场景,进一步提出RFID在畜禽养殖中的未来应用方向,以期为深化畜禽信息采集的研究提供参考。     

Free choice feeding of whole grains in meat-type pigeons: 1. effect on performance,carcass traits and organ development

1. The effects of 5 different feeding systems on the performance, carcass traits and organ development were studied in pigeon squabs.

2. The 5 treatments were (1) whole grains of maize, pea and wheat plus concentrate feed; (2)whole grains of maize and wheat plus concentrate feed (CWC); (3) whole grains of maize and pea plus concentrate feed; (4)whole grain of maize plus concentrate feed (CC); and (5) compound feed (CF).

3. Feed intake of parent pigeons increased significantly from 0 to 21 d and it was higher in the CF treatment. Body weight of squabs in the CWC treatment was the highest among the 5 treatments in 4 weeks. Body weight losses of parental pigeons during the rearing period were not significantly different among the 5 treatments.

4. Protein intake in CC and CWC treatments was lower than that of the other three treatments. The CWC treatment had the highest daily weight gain and the lowest feed conversion ratio. Treatments were statistically similar in the relative weight of carcass, breast and thigh. CF had the lower relative weight of abdominal fat.

5. Relative weight of gizzard in the CF treatment was significantly lower than that of CWC.

6. It was concluded that the application of free choice feeding of whole grains of maize and wheat plus concentrate feed increased the body weight of 28-d-old pigeon squabs and decreased the feed conversion rate of parent pigeons. This feeding strategy could be commercially interesting in meat-type pigeon production.