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651.
Analysis of S‐allele genetic diversity in Sicilian almond germplasm comparing different molecular methods
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Sergio Currò Stefano La Malfa Gaetano Distefano Guiyou Long Francesco Sottile Alessandra Gentile 《Plant Breeding》2015,134(6):713-718
Italian almond germplasm is characterized by a wide diversity in several growing areas among which Sicily is one of the most important. Analysis with consensus and specific primers and DNA sequencing was performed to investigate S‐RNase genetic diversity and to elucidate the homology rate within a genetic pool of 27 Italian accessions. Interestingly, some of the self‐compatible cultivars did not show the presence of Sf allele. Amplicons from consensus and allele‐specific PCR primers revealed a high level of variability. Sequencing of all the S‐RNase amplicons derived from consensus primers allowed the identification of two new S‐RNase alleles (S51 and S52). Surprisingly, despite the AA replacement mutation, S51 did not exhibit any change of its S‐RNase function. Additionally, several mutations, with no effect on amino acid composition, were detected in the intron and/or in the ORF of four known alleles (Sg, S10, S31 and S35). Genetic variation, regarding point mutations and only detected by sequencing, was revealed among 11 of 27 tested cultivars. The new sources of variability might have an interest for product traceability. 相似文献
652.
The identification of the genotypic and environmental factors responsible for the genotype by environment interaction is essential
in any breeding program. A Multi Environmental Trial (MET) including 3 years, 3 locations and 14 lines of spring triticale
(× TriticosecaleWittmack) was carried out in a Mediterranean environment (Sardinia, Italy). Water available to the crops was calculated through
a model run with the environmental variables and the phenological data recorded in each environment. Yield, yield components
and heading date were used to perform an Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis. Interaction
for yield was relevant only in 2 environments out of 8, one characterised by a late sowing, the other by the warmest pre-anthesis
period. Correlations between Interaction Principal Component Axis (IPCA) scores and environmental and genotypic variables
showed that genotype by environment interaction for yield and kernels per m2 is related to interaction for phenology but not to the yield level. Yield level was significantly correlated with the water
availability. Genotype by environment interaction for yield is mainly determined by thermal conditions in the pre-anthesis
period, genotypic photoperiodic sensitivity and sowing time.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
653.
654.
Mariangela Marrelli Monica Rosa Loizzo Marcello Nicoletti Francesco Menichini Filomena Conforti 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2013,68(4):340-346
One of the most important strategy in the treatment of obesity includes the development of nutrient digestion and absorption inhibitors. Inhibition of digestive enzymes is one of the most widely studied mechanisms used to determine the potential efficacy of natural products as hypolipidemic and hypoglycaemic agents. In vitro studies here reported were performed to evaluate the inhibitory activity of five species (as hydroalcoholic extracts) of edible plants from Calabria region (Italy) on amylase and lipase by monitoring the hydrolysis of p-NPC and the hydrolysis of glycoside bonds in digestible carbohydrate foods. The formulation obtained from Clematis vitalba L. exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on pancreatic lipase (IC50?=?0.99 mg/ml) and on α-amylase (IC50?=?31.52 μg/ml). In order to explore metabolome production HPTLC analysis of the extracts was performed, revealing the predominance of (±)-catechin, caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid in C. vitalba formulation at concentration of 23.18?±?3.14, 13.63?±?0.65 and 18.88?±?0.76 mg/g, respectively. GC/MS analysis was used to identify fatty acids and terpene composition. 相似文献
655.
Claudia Belviso Francesco Cavalcante Pietro Ragone Saverio Fiore 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2012,223(8):5357-5364
In the last few years, a great deal of research on soil has been carried out in order to develop a low-cost remediation method for reducing the environmental risks due to the pollution caused by heavy metals. In the light of this, the zeolitization achieved in soils mixed with coal fly ash could be a useful answer to reduce the amount and the mobility of metals in polluted areas. In this study, a selected soil treated with coal fly ash and artificially contaminated with Zn or Pb was used to synthesize zeolite at low temperature in laboratory and on a bench-scale experiments. Mineralogical data showed that the synthesis of zeolite X took place readily after the first month, and the amount of the newly formed mineral increased during the entire 1-year-long incubation period. The presence of toxic elements does not interfere with zeolite crystallization, whereas the chemical analysis indicated that a reduction in heavy metal availability takes place in the samples characterized by the presence of zeolite. 相似文献
656.
Massimo Zaccardelli Francesco Lupo Angela Rosa Piergiovanni Gaetano Laghetti Gabriella Sonnante Maria Gloria Daminati Francesca Sparvoli Lucia Lioi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2012,59(5):727-738
Genetic relationships, agronomic, nutritional and technological traits of ten Italian landraces, two improved lines and two cultivars of lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) were investigated using a multi-disciplinary approach. Seed storage proteins, used as biochemical markers, were able to detect polymorphisms with variability mainly related to the polypeptide abundance. Microsatellite (SSR) molecular markers provided very useful information on genetic variation and relationships among landraces, with polymorphic fragments able to discriminate all the accessions. Lentil landraces were grouped in different clusters and sub-clusters principally on the basis of their geographical origin. The highest levels of genetic diversity were observed for lentils from ‘Castelluccio di Norcia’, ‘Colliano’ and ‘Villalba’. Field trials, performed in two locations of Southern Italy, revealed a high influence of location on yield. Comparing performances at both tested locations, the best landraces were ‘Linosa’ and ‘Valle di Nevola’ suggesting that these have the highest adaptability. Technological and nutritional data together with the agronomic ones evidenced that ‘Linosa’ lentil is the best landrace, however also ‘San Gerardo’ deserves some attention. 相似文献
657.
Canedoli Claudia Ficetola Gentile Francesco Corengia Davide Tognini Paola Ferrario Andrea Padoa-Schioppa Emilio 《Landscape Ecology》2022,37(1):347-365
Landscape Ecology - A landscape is defined as a “system of ecosystems” and this is a model in which karst areas can easily be integrated. In karst areas, much of the connectivity... 相似文献
658.
Valentina Sepe Francesco Saverio Di Leva Claudio D’Amore Carmen Festa Simona De Marino Barbara Renga Maria Valeria D’Auria Ettore Novellino Vittorio Limongelli Lisette D’Souza Mahesh Majik Angela Zampella Stefano Fiorucci 《Marine drugs》2014,12(6):3091-3115
In recent years many sterols with unusual structures and promising biological profiles have been identified from marine sources. Here we report the isolation of a series of 24-alkylated-hydroxysteroids from the soft coral Sinularia kavarattiensis, acting as pregnane X receptor (PXR) modulators. Starting from this scaffold a number of derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their ability to activate the PXR by assessing transactivation and quantifying gene expression. Our study reveals that ergost-5-en-3β-ol (4) induces PXR transactivation in HepG2 cells and stimulates the expression of the PXR target gene CYP3A4. To shed light on the molecular basis of the interaction between these ligands and PXR, we investigated, through docking simulations, the binding mechanism of the most potent compound of the series, 4, to the PXR. Our findings provide useful functional and structural information to guide further investigations and drug design. 相似文献
659.
Nutini Francesco Confalonieri Roberto Paleari Livia Pepe Monica Criscuolo Laura Porta Francesco Ranghetti Luigi Busetto Lorenzo Boschetti Mirco 《Precision Agriculture》2021,22(4):1284-1303
Precision Agriculture - Due to the low efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers in flooded rice paddies, there is a rising demand for tools able to detect crop nitrogen status in space and time to allow... 相似文献
660.
Fogassi L Ferrari PF Gesierich B Rozzi S Chersi F Rizzolatti G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,308(5722):662-667
Inferior parietal lobule (IPL) neurons were studied when monkeys performed motor acts embedded in different actions and when they observed similar acts done by an experimenter. Most motor IPL neurons coding a specific act (e.g., grasping) showed markedly different activations when this act was part of different actions (e.g., for eating or for placing). Many motor IPL neurons also discharged during the observation of acts done by others. Most responded differentially when the same observed act was embedded in a specific action. These neurons fired during the observation of an act, before the beginning of the subsequent acts specifying the action. Thus, these neurons not only code the observed motor act but also allow the observer to understand the agent's intentions. 相似文献