Effect of miR-29b-mediated TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway on progression of hepatic fibrosis in rats

AIM: To investigate the role of microRNA-29b (miR-29b)-mediated TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and its effect on the progression of hepatic fibrosis in rats.METHODS: Hepatic liver fibrosis rat model was established, and its HSC were isolated. Normal rat HSC were also obtained and identified in vitro. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the alterations of miR-29b, TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway-related proteins and liver fibrosis marker proteins in the acquired cells. Finally, the direct targeting binding of miR-29b to TGF-β1 was identified by dual-luciferase reporter assay system.RESULTS: With the activation of HSC, the expression of miR-29b gradually decreased (P<0.01), while the expression of collagen type I and α-smooth muscle actin gradually increased (P<0.01). At the same time, the expression of Smad2/3/4 was significantly increased, and the expression of Smad7 was significantly decreased (P<0.01). Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-29b bound directly to "UCUCUCCGU" in the 3'UTR of TGF-β1, indicating that TGF-β1 was a downstream target gene of miR-29b.CONCLUSION: miR-29b may be involved in the inhibition of HSC activation and migration, thereby inhibiting the process of liver fibrosis. The biological function of miR-29b may be through the direct targeting of TGF-β1, thus regulating and inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.     

Role of cytokeratin 8 on changes of intestinal epithelial permeability induced by corticotropin-releasing factor

AIM: To investigate the role of cytokeratin 8 (CK8) on the change of intercellular permeability of intestinal epithelial cells induced by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). METHODS: The expression levels of CRF receptor 1 (CRFR1) and CRFR2 on human colon adenocarcinoma HT29 cell surface were determined by immunofluorescence staining. After treatment with 100 nmol/L CRF for 72 h, the translocation of FITC-labelled dextran was measured in a Transwell chamber. The structural changes of tight junctions were observed under transmission electron microscope. The expression levels of CK8, and tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin were determined by Western blot. The activity of protein kinase C (PKC) was detected by ELISA. Furthermore, the effects of CRF on intestinal epithelial permeability were examined in CK8-silencing HT29 cells, which were constructed by infection with sh-CK8 lentivirus. RESULTS: CRF treatment increased the permeability of FITC-labelled dextran (P<0.05), caused the opening of tight junctions, and induced increased fluorescence intensity of CK8. The expression levels of occludin and ZO-1 were down-regulated (P<0.05). PKC activity was decreased at 1 h after CRF treatment (P<0.05). CRF-induced increase in the permeability and down-regulation of occludin were not blocked by CK8 silencing. Nevertheless,CK8 silencing blocked the effects of CRF regarding the decrease in the expression levels of ZO-1 and the increase in PKC activity (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: CK8 may be involved in CRF-induced increase in intestinal epithelial permeability by inhibiting the activity of PKC, and there may be other signaling pathways involved.     

径向基神经网络在猪胴体瘦肉率预测中的应用

猪胴体瘦肉率(LMP)是评价猪肉品质的重要指标之一,在生产线上快速而准确地预测出其数值并进行分级是并不可少的。目前,国内大部分厂家依然采取屠宰后人工称重测量的方法,耗时耗力,且存在相当大的误差。为此,随机抽取了116头皖北地区商品猪,选定眼肌面积、背膘厚及腿臀比作为参考数据,以Mat Lab工具箱作为研究工具,利用BP、Elman和RBF等3种不同的神经网络建立预测模型,统计后进行比较分析。实验表明:3种模型的神经网络均可用于瘦肉率预测,但RBF网络误差最小,训练速度最快,学习能力最强,最适合用于建立瘦肉率的预测模型。     

酿酒葡萄振动分离试验研究

随着新疆酿酒葡萄种植面积的不断扩大,人工收获存在的劳动强度大、效率低等问题日益突出,已成为制约酿酒葡萄产业健康快速发展的重要方面。为此,在自制的振动分离率测定装置上,以电机转速、偏心距离及摇杆长度作为影响因素,分离率为性能指标,确立了试验方案并进行了振动分离试验,分析了影响振动采收效果的主要因素,确定了各参数最优组合。试验结果表明:影响酿酒葡萄分离率的主次顺序为偏心距离、摇杆长度和电机转速,最优参数组合为偏心距离75mm、摇杆长度320mm、转速245r/min。试验结果为设计基于葡萄藤蔓振动的酿酒葡萄振动分离装置提供了理论依据。     

宽垄马铃薯种植机的设计

马铃薯已成为我国主要粮食作物之一,其广泛种植是保证马铃薯产量的重要前提。本文充分考虑新疆马铃薯大面积种植特点,针对马铃薯宽垄机械化种植模式设计研制了一种马铃薯种植机。该机由开沟装置、播种装置、施肥装置、铺膜铺管装置及覆土镇压装置等组成,能够一次完成开沟、播种、施肥、铺膜铺管及覆土镇压等工作,具有结构简单、工作性能稳定等特点。田间试验表明:单台设备生产率≥0.7hm2/h,工作深度≥1 5 cm,株距为18cm,重种率≤8%,漏播率≤5%。     

施肥枪分次追施对贵州春马铃薯产量、结薯性状及土壤肥力的影响

为探究施肥枪施肥技术在贵州春马铃薯生产中的应用效果,采用田间试验方法研究了施肥枪分次施肥对马铃薯产量、结薯性状、养分与品质以及土壤肥力状况的影响。结果表明,与习惯施肥(CK2)相比,采用施肥枪分次施肥可显著提高马铃薯产量0.6%~19.6%,且随着追施比例的增加,马铃薯产量呈递增趋势,以20%基施+80%分次追施(T4)处理的产量最高,达到26 195 kg/hm2;40%基施+60%分次追施(T3)和20%基施+80%分次追施(T4)处理的马铃薯单株产量较习惯施肥(CK2)分别提高18.6%和26.0%,单株结薯数、大中薯数以及大中薯率的增加是马铃薯增产的原因;采用施肥枪分次施肥可以提高马铃薯茎块的含氮、磷、钾量,并改善马铃薯品质,以20%基施+80%分次追施(T4)处理效果最佳,其含氮、磷、钾以及淀粉量较习惯施肥(CK2)分别提高2.7%、22.2%、10.4%和41.2%,但对马铃薯还原糖量影响不大;施肥枪分次施肥可改善土壤肥力状况,尤其是在提高土壤p H值、土壤全钾和速效钾量方面较为明显,此外通过逐步回归分析发现马铃薯产量与马铃薯淀粉量和土壤碱解氮量存在极显著的相关性。综上所述,施肥枪分次施肥可适用于西南丘陵旱地马铃薯种植栽培,以20%基施+80%分次追施(T4)效果最佳。     

黄壤旱地豆科绿肥养分释放特征

在贵阳市黄壤旱地内采用尼龙网袋法,研究不同含水量的绿肥在直接还田和添加生物炭后翻压还田情况下的养分释放特征,以期为黄壤旱地绿肥科学还田及化肥合理减施提供理论依据。结果表明：不同处理的腐解速率趋势相同,均呈现先快速腐解、再缓慢腐解、并逐渐趋于平稳的趋势,总腐解速率表现为风干绿肥+生物炭 > 新鲜绿肥+生物炭 > 风干绿肥...     

基于稳定同位素特征与土壤性质的有机茶身份辨识研究

为探究云南普洱地区有机茶身份辨识特征,完善高原有机茶身份辨识技术,选取云南省普洱市的5个代表性有机种植认证茶园（ZX、LS、CYT、YS、HL）和相邻的5个常规茶园（C-1、C-2、C-3、C-4、C-5）,采集300余份茶叶和土壤样本,结合稳定同位素比例质谱仪、元素分析仪等测定茶叶和土壤的δ¹⁵N丰度、δ¹³C丰度、全氮、全碳、有机碳、碱解氮等指标,通过因子分析和判别分析的方法构建了有机茶叶同位素-土壤性质判别模型,并使用Holdout法进行验证。结果表明：不同茶园有机茶叶与相邻常规茶叶相比未表现出一致的δ¹⁵N,δ¹³C值差异规律,因此,使用单一稳定同位素因子难以鉴别有机茶。通过进一步对茶叶和土壤性质进行因子分析,筛选出6个适合判别的特征向量,构建了基于同位素特征和土壤性质的多元有机判别模型,其判别函数方程为：y=-0.081（茶叶δ¹⁵N）＋0.819（茶叶δ¹³C）＋0.093（土壤全氮）＋2.117（土壤全碳）－0.155（土壤有机碳）＋2.870（土壤pH）＋4.232,y<0.5为常规茶,判别准确度为92.3%。综上,基于同位素特征值和土壤性质参数指标构建的多元有机判别模型可实现云南省普洱市高原有机茶身份的准确判别。     

基于14C同化物运转和分配对黄柏剥皮的再生机理

以14C为示踪剂,用14CO2+CO2法对2年生黄柏进行半株标记,在主干上环状剥去韧皮部,以塑料薄膜包裹,燃烧法制样、液体闪烁测量法测14C活度。结果表明,未剥皮黄柏韧皮部的14C同化物运输速率为52.0cm/h,3h左右同化物从树冠运输到根系,树冠不同部位的功能叶14C同化物分配为:中部功能叶>上部功能叶>下部功能叶;剥皮后,同化物分配规律改变为:上部功能叶>中部功能叶>下部功能叶;剥皮第15天在新生韧皮部、剥口下方的树皮及根系中检测到14C同化物,表明新生韧皮部的生理功能得到恢复。     

钾肥不同施用期对食用甘薯产量和品质的影响

为了探明适宜的钾肥施用量与施肥时期在提高甘薯产量和品质的同时,实现钾肥的高效利用和优化管理。以优质食用型甘薯徐薯32为试验材料,研究3个钾肥用量（0,150,300 kg／hm2）和3个施钾时期（生长早期即栽插后2周内、封垄期和块根膨大初期）处理对甘薯产量及营养成分的影响。结果表明：生长早期施用钾肥300 kg／hm2时,块根鲜薯和薯干产量获得最高值,分别为36495．0,12175．5 kg／hm2。钾肥不同施用期和施用水平对所测甘薯品质性状影响较大,甘薯生长早期追施钾肥有利于淀粉、麦芽糖和蔗糖的积累;低钾处理有利于淀粉及糖类物质的积累,而高钾处理则有利于蛋白质的积累。