猪伪狂犬病毒变异株AH02LA单因子发病模型的建立

2011年以来,猪伪狂犬病毒(PRV)变异株在我国多地区流行,造成了严重的经济损失。本研究以主要猪病病原为阴性的仔猪为基础,建立了PRV变异株AH02LA单因子发病模型,并研究了其主要病理学变化。研究发现PRV会引起仔猪非化脓性脑炎,这一病理变化将有助于猪伪狂犬病的临床快速准确诊断。     

藏獒皮肤成纤维细胞培养与生物学特性观察

In order to study biological characteristics of Tibetan Mastiff somatic cells and preserve genetic resource, two fibroblast cell strains from Tibetan Mastiff were established by tissue culture. In vitro culture cell morphology, hyperplasia ability and some biological characteristics were researched. Tibetan Mastiff cells in vitro culture appeared typical morphology of fibroblast cells, grew well and had strong hyperplasia ability. Population doubling time of the cells was 46.1 h. Vimentin expression in the cells was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. The rate of F5 cells with normal diploidy (2n=78) was 91.4%. Moreover, longer X chromosome belonged to submetacentric chromosome, but Y chromosome did telocentric chromosome. Tibetan Mastiff cell strains eslablished in the study offered the materials for the Tibetan Mastiff somatic cell nuclear transfer research.     

Model Optimization of Litter Size and Genetic Analyses of Model Parameters in Sows

According to two properties of the life cycle and to fluctuation with parities, four mathematical models, the Poisson cycle model, the cubic polynomial model, the modified quadratic polynomial model-I and the modified quadratic polynomial model-II, were used to fit the records of litter size in Jiangquhai sows. From the viewpoint of statistics and biological significance, the modified quadratic polynomial model-I was found to be the optimum model. A single trait animal model and DFREML procedures were further used to estimate the heritability values of optimum model parameters. The results show that the heritability values for the coefficients A and B and the heritability value for the acme of the model pure quadric curve are larger than the heritability value for the litter size. This suggests that selection for model parameters may be more effective than direct selection for litter size.     

中外饲料产业发展概况和饲料质量安全问题现状

饲料质量安全是关系食品安全的大事,是世界普遍关注的热点问题。饲料质量安全直接关系到消费者的安全,世界各国正普遍重视和关注饲料的科学性和安全性,特别是疯牛病的出现,抗生素的使用,给饲料工业和畜牧业的发展带来一系列的问题。文章正是通过对中外饲料产业发展的概述以及对中外饲料质量安全问题现状的分析,从而引起全行业对饲料质量安全问题的关注。     

β-葡聚糖酶对肉鸡生产性能的影响

<正>β-葡聚糖酶是一类能降解谷物中β-葡聚糖的水解酶类的总称,β-葡聚糖酶属于半纤维素酶类,是采用枯草杆菌经过液体深层发酵制得。β-葡聚糖酶包括内切和外切β-1,3-葡聚糖酶、内切和外切β-1,4-葡聚糖酶。内切β-1,4-葡聚糖酶是饲用β-葡聚糖酶的有效成分。β-葡聚糖酶能降解β-葡聚糖分子中的β-1,3和β-1,4糖苷键,使之降解为小分子,失去亲水性和粘性,改变单胃动物肠道内容物的特性、消化酶的活性、肠道微生物的作用环境等,从而有利于动物对营养物质的消化和吸收,提高生长性能和饲料的转化率。     

羊驼视网膜组织学结构

用光镜观察了羊驼视网膜的组织学结构,以及3级神经元的细胞胞核层数及胞核特点。结果表明:羊驼视网膜结构与昼行性的哺乳动物的视网膜结构相似,但米勒细胞较明显、水平细胞为一层、内网层细胞很厚等形成了羊驼视网膜结构的特性,显示了羊驼视网膜结构和机能与其行为学特性的一致性。     

基于SSR标记分析四川省桑树种质资源的群体结构和遗传多样性

利用14对SSR引物对四川省89份桑树种质资源的基因组DNA进行PCR,分析种质资源间的群体结构和遗传多样性。共扩增出迁移率不同的条带65条,多态性条带65条,多态性条带比率达100%;Structure群体结构分析将89份桑树种质资源划分为4个群体,4个群体的多态性信息含量在0.552 0~0.599 8之间,总体为0.657 7;基因多样度在0.554 8~0.600 3之间,总体为0.579 0;等位基因数目在66~76个之间,总体为134个;等位基因丰富度在3.327 2~3.549 1之间,总体为3.983 1;遗传多样性主要来源于品种内,属中等偏高水平;14对SSR引物位点的总基因多样度Ht在0.291~0.931之间,整体为0.699;Nei’s种群内基因多样度Hs为0.287~0.910,整体为0.662;种群间基因多样度为0.003~0.098,整体为0.037;种群间基因分化系数为0.008~0.047,整体为0.053;基因流为2.901~62.000,整体为8.934,遗传变异主要发生在群体内,群体间分化程度低,基因流大。UPGMA聚类分析与群体结构分析结果大致相同,2种分析结果都显示分群无地理迁移规律。     

Expression of Mitochondria‐Associated Genes (PPARGC1A,NRF‐1, BCL‐2 and BAX) in Follicular Development and Atresia of Goat Ovaries

Most follicles undergo atresia during the developmental process. Follicular atresia is predominantly regulated by apoptosis of granulosa cells, but the mechanism underlying apoptosis via the mitochondria‐dependent apoptotic pathway is unclear. We aimed to investigate whether the mitochondria‐associated genes peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma, coactivator1‐alpha (PPARGC1A), nuclear respiratory factor‐1 (NRF‐1), B‐cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (BCL‐2) and BCL2‐associated X protein (BAX) played a role in follicular atresia through this pathway. The four mitochondria‐associated proteins (PGC‐1α, which are encoded by the PPARGC1A gene, NRF‐1, BCL‐2 and BAX) mainly expressed in granulosa cells. The mRNA and protein levels of PPARGC1A/PGC‐1α and NRF‐1 in granulosa cells increased with the follicular development. These results showed that these genes may play a role in the regulation of the follicular development. In addition, compared with healthy follicles, the granulosa cell in atretic follicles had a reduced expression of NRF‐1, increased BAX expression and increased ratio of BAX to BCL‐2 expression. These results suggested that changes of the mitochondria‐associated gene expression patterns in granulosa cells may lead to follicular atresia during goat follicle development.     

类胡萝卜素在水产饲料中的应用

<正>随着我国水产养殖业的发展,人们对养殖鱼虾的品质要求也越来越高,色泽是影响水产品商品价格和观赏价值的重要因素。水产动物本身不能合成类胡萝卜素,必须从食物中摄取,因此,需要在饲料中添加类胡萝卜素作为着色剂。本文就近几年来国内外在水产动物上使用类胡萝卜素做为着色剂的研究成果做一综述。     

哈萨克羊iNOS基因多态性与布鲁氏菌病的相关性分析

试验旨在探讨哈萨克羊诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）基因多态性与布鲁氏菌病的相关性。使用虎红平板凝集试验（RBPT）方法对231只哈萨克羊血清进行布鲁氏菌病血清学检测,参考GenBank中绵羊iNOS基因序列,针对其第6、7、8外显子及其邻近内含子片段设计引物,利用PCR-SSCP技术和DNA测序技术对231只哈萨克羊的iNOS基因进行多态性检测,分析其SNPs与哈萨克羊布鲁氏菌病易感性的相关性。结果表明,67只哈萨克羊为布鲁氏菌感染阳性,阳性检出率为29.00%。在哈萨克羊iNOS基因的外显子6和8片段上未检测到多态位点,在外显子7片段上检测出F7-T18054C和F7-C18084T 2个多态位点,在F7-T18054C多态位点上检测到3种基因型（TC、TT、CC）,优势等位基因和基因型分别是C型和CT型,其等位基因频率和基因型频率分别是0.660和0.446。在F7-C18084T多态位点上检测到2种基因型（CT、CC）,优势等位基因频率和基因型分别是C和CC型,其等位基因和基因型频率分别是0.946和0.892。F7-C18084T属于低度多态（PIC<0.25）,F7-T18054C属于中度多态（0.25 < PIC < 0.5）。相关性分析表明,F7-T18054C和F7-C18084T多态位点与布鲁氏菌病易感性无显著相关性（P>0.05）。试验结果表明,哈萨克羊iNOS基因F7-T18054C和F7-C18084T多态位点与布鲁氏菌病易感性不存在相关性。