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451.
Moorkamp L Nathues H Spergser J Tegeler R Beilage EG 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2008,175(2):273-275
The objective of this study was to compare the detection rate of bacterial agents in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), taken without visual control, to that in affected lung tissue obtained from the same pig at necropsy. BALF and affected lung tissue were examined for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae using PCR, and standard cultural methods were used for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Haemophilus parasuis, Pasteurella multocida and Streptococcus suis. All pigs with a history of respiratory symptoms were submitted as live animals for routine diagnostic examination. In each animal the site of lavage, marked by injecting methylene blue, differed from the site of pneumonic lesions. M. hyopneumoniae was detected more frequently in lung tissue than in BALF in cases with moderate or severe lung lesions. The detection rates of M. hyopneumoniae were higher in the BALF of pigs with mild lesions. Cultural examination of BALF was at least as satisfactory as affected lung tissue for detecting B. bronchiseptica, H. parasuis and P. multocida. 相似文献
452.
Impact of α‐amylase supplementation on energy balance and performance of high‐yielding dairy cows on moderate starch feeding 下载免费PDF全文
Martin Bachmann Mandy Bochnia Norbert Mielenz Joachim Spilke Wolfgang B. Souffrant Elisabeth Azem Wolfgang Schliffka Annette Zeyner 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(2):367-376
In dairy cows, exogenous α‐amylase is suggested to improve starch utilization and positively affect performance and health traits linked to energy balance and fertility. In a 1‐year feeding experiment, 421 cows were orally supplemented with α‐amylase (treatment: 12.5 g/kg dry matter (DM) addition rate to a concentrated feed) or non‐supplemented (control) on the basis of an ad libitum total mixed ration (TMR). Every cow was allocated to a high‐ (≥32 kg milk/day) or late‐lactation group (<32 kg milk/day), in which the TMR starch content was 220 ± 20.8 g/kg DM and 183 ± 24.8 g/kg DM, respectively. The energetic effect of α‐amylase supplementation seemed to be exclusively related to the high‐lactation stage (5–100 days in milk) in primiparous cows, where the daily milk yield was 32 ± 0.49 versus 31 ± 0.50 kg per cow in the treatment versus control group (P < 0.05). The pluriparous cows did not benefit from the supplementation that way. In neither primiparous nor pluriparous cows, was the milk composition, the fat‐to‐protein ratio, the somatic cell score, the backfat thickness, serum total bilirubin, β‐hydroxybutyrate and the fertility found to be systematically affected by α‐amylase supplementation. 相似文献
453.
Bryson ER Snead EC McMillan C MacDougall L Allen AL 《Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association》2007,43(1):65-69
A 10-year-old golden retriever with a 3-year history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was presented with recurring episodes of hypoglycemia and seizures. A presumptive diagnosis of an insulinoma was made based on hypoglycemia with concurrent endogenous hyperinsulinemia and unremarkable radiographic and ultrasonographic images of the chest and abdomen. A beta cell carcinoma of the pancreas with metastasis to the liver and a mesenteric lymph node was confirmed by surgery and histopathology. 相似文献
454.
455.
Miguel Gozalo‐Marcilla Klaus Hopster Frank Gasthuys Anna Elisabeth Krajewski Andrea Schwarz Stijn Schauvliege 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2014,41(2):212-219
ObjectiveTo compare the effects of a constant rate infusion (CRI) of dexmedetomidine and morphine to those of morphine alone on the minimum end-tidal sevoflurane concentration necessary to prevent movement (MACNM) in ponies.Study designProspective, randomized, crossover, ‘blinded’, experimental study.AnimalsFive healthy adult gelding ponies were anaesthetized twice with a 3-week washout period.MethodsAfter induction of anaesthesia with sevoflurane in oxygen (via nasotracheal tube), the ponies were positioned on a surgical table (T0), and anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane (Fe‘SEVO 2.5%) in 55% oxygen. Monitoring included pulse oximetry, electrocardiography and measurement of anaesthetic gases, arterial blood pressure and body temperature. The ponies were mechanically ventilated and randomly allocated to receive IV treatment M [morphine 0.15 mg kg?1 (T10-T15) followed by a CRI (0.1 mg kg?1 hour?1)] or treatment DM [dexmedetomidine 3.5 μg kg?1 plus morphine 0.15 mg kg?1 (T10-T15) followed by a CRI of dexmedetomidine 1.75 μg kg?1 hour?1 and morphine 0.1 mg kg?1 hour?1]. At T60, a stepwise MACNM determination was initiated using constant current electrical stimuli at the skin of the lateral pastern region. Triplicate MACNM estimations were obtained and then averaged in each pony. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to detect differences in MAC between treatments (a = 0.05).ResultsSevoflurane-morphine MACNM values (median (range) and mean ± SD) were 2.56 (2.01–4.07) and 2.79 ± 0.73%. The addition of a continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine significantly reduced sevoflurane MACNM values to 0.89 (0.62–1.05) and 0.89 ± 0.22% (mean MACNM reduction 67 ± 11%).Conclusion and clinical relevanceCo-administration of dexmedetomidine and morphine CRIs significantly reduced the MACNM of sevoflurane compared with a CRI of morphine alone at the reported doses. 相似文献
456.
Ervin Rasztovits Imre Berki Csaba Mátyás Kornél Czimber Elisabeth Pötzelsberger Norbert Móricz 《Annals of Forest Science》2014,71(2):201-210
Context
Projections of species distribution models under future climate are usually based on long-term averages. However, singular extreme drought events presumably contribute to the shaping of distribution limits at the retreating low-elevation xeric limits.Methods
The objectives of this study were to set up a distribution model based on extreme drought events (EDM), which uses sanitary logging information as a proxy of vitality response of beech, and compare it with the results of classical species distribution models (SDMs).Results
Predictions of the EDM for 2025 were in agreement with those of the SDM, but EDM predicted a more serious decline in all regions of Hungary towards the end of the century.Conclusion
These results suggest that the predicted increase in frequency and severity of drought events may further limit the distribution of beech in the future. 相似文献457.
Weyand S Shimamura T Yajima S Suzuki S Mirza O Krusong K Carpenter EP Rutherford NG Hadden JM O'Reilly J Ma P Saidijam M Patching SG Hope RJ Norbertczak HT Roach PC Iwata S Henderson PJ Cameron AD 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2008,322(5902):709-713
The nucleobase-cation-symport-1 (NCS1) transporters are essential components of salvage pathways for nucleobases and related metabolites. Here, we report the 2.85-angstrom resolution structure of the NCS1 benzyl-hydantoin transporter, Mhp1, from Microbacterium liquefaciens. Mhp1 contains 12 transmembrane helices, 10 of which are arranged in two inverted repeats of five helices. The structures of the outward-facing open and substrate-bound occluded conformations were solved, showing how the outward-facing cavity closes upon binding of substrate. Comparisons with the leucine transporter LeuT(Aa) and the galactose transporter vSGLT reveal that the outward- and inward-facing cavities are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the membrane. The reciprocal opening and closing of these cavities is synchronized by the inverted repeat helices 3 and 8, providing the structural basis of the alternating access model for membrane transport. 相似文献
458.
459.
460.
Lubbers S Decourcelle N Vallet N Guichard E 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(10):3077-3082
The influence of storage on the aroma release in headspace and rheological properties in strawberry-flavored fatfree stirred yogurts was determined. Three periods of storage at 10 degrees C were chosen for analysis: 7, 14, and 28 days. The headspace composition was assessed in a flask in static mode. The SPME fiber was carefully chosen, and results are presented in detail (choice and degradation). The flow properties of the final product were measured in order to follow n (flow behavior index) and K (consistency index), and the apparent viscosity was determined (eta in Pa.s). The quantity of flavors in the headspace of products at the 28 days of aging was significantly weaker for methyl 2-methyl butanoate, ethyl hexanoate, and hexyl acetate. The decrease was half of that in comparison with the seventh day. It was supposed that modification in rheological parameters can partly explain these results. Indeed, the apparent viscosity of the products significantly increased during the three times of storage. The composition of the flavored yogurt, proteins, exopolysaccharides, and fruit preparation, seemed to have a great impact on the release of aroma compounds. The aroma compound amount in the headspace decreased when the matrix changed from water to yogurt. With the fruit preparation, the headspace amounts for esters were significantly lower than in water alone, respectively, 23, 27, 29, and 17% less for methyl 2-methylbutanoate, ethyl hexanoate, hexyl acetate, and benzyl acetate. In flavored yogurt, the amount of aroma compounds in the headspace decreased again in comparison with the result obtained with the fruit preparation. Ethyl hexanoate and hexyl acetate presented the higher decreases of 48 and 53%, respectively. 相似文献