Marketing novel therapies.

This article discusses how to help veterinarians to (1) understand how consumers think and why they buy or do not buy something and (2) enhance their selling and marketing skills. Specific supplements and nutraceuticals are recommended, and suggestions for marketing them provided. The article emphasizes the importance of the role that veterinarians have in providing advice on the use and efficacy of supplements in their clinics when based on actual experience.     

Contents of Volume 10

Volume Contents

Contents of Volume 10     

Wound-healing and the effect of soil temperature,cultivars and protective chemicals on wound-healed potato seed pieces inoculated with seed piece decay fungi and bacteria

The effect ofFusarium solani (Fsc),F. sambucinum (Fs),Erwinia carotovora subsp.atroseptica (Eca), andE. carotovora subsp.carotovora (Ecc) inoculated singly and in combination (FscFs, FscEca, FscEcc, FsEca, FsEcc, and EcaEcc) on wound-healed potato seed pieces of the cultivar Kennebec was studied. Potato seed pieces wound-healed for 5 days at 13 C and approximately 100% relative humidity, inoculated with Fsc, Fs, Eca, Ecc and their combinations, and incubated for 10 days at 9 C were protected from Eca, Ecc, and EcaEcc. When wound-healed potato seed pieces were inoculated with Fsc, Fs, Eca, Ecc, and their combinations and planted in soil maintained at 7, 10, 15, 20 and 25 C, wound-healing protected seed pieces from all pathogens and their combinations in seed pieces held for 10 days at 10 and 15 C. When seed pieces of cultivars Atlantic, Kennebec, Norchip, Russet Burbank and Superior were inoculated with Fsc, Fs, Eca, Ecc, and their combinations, different levels of protection were observed: Russet Burbank had the highest level of protection, Atlantic and Kennebec were intermediate, and Norchip and Superior were slightly protected. Dusting mancozeb on wound-healed seed pieces before inoculation with Fsc, Fs, Eca, Ecc, and their combinations increased protection against all pathogens and their combinations by 39% or more compared to the nonchemical control.     

Dissipation of the defoliant tribufos in cotton-producing soils

Soil dissipation of the cotton defoliant tribufos was measured in laboratory incubations and on 0.2-ha research plots. Computed 50% dissipation time (DT(50)) using nonlinear and linear kinetic models ranged from 1 to 19 days. Data indicated that exchangeable soil aluminum inhibited tribufos-degrading soil organisms. Nevertheless, measured DT(50) values were 40 to 700 times less than the aerobic soil half-life (t(1/2)) values used in recent tribufos risk assessments. DT(50) values suggest that risk estimates were overstated. However, edge-of-field runoff concentrations measured on research plots exceeded invertebrate LOECs, thus some aquatic risk is indicated. Field data also suggested that volatilization may be a significant soil dissipation pathway. From this result, we conclude that volatilization should be included in simulation models used for pesticide registration. This will likely improve the accuracy of model outputs for products such as tribufos. Potential volatilization losses indicate a need to evaluate the atmospheric behavior of tribufos.