柠檬酸去除魔芋飞粉中三甲胺的工艺优化

为去除魔芋飞粉中的主要异味物质三甲胺,采用柠檬酸溶液浸提溶解,通过单因素试验和正交试验优化去除三甲胺的工艺条件。结果表明:柠檬酸去除魔芋飞粉中三甲胺的最优工艺条件为柠檬酸浓度1.4%,固液比1∶7,浸提温度35℃,浸提时间2h,在该条件下可以去除75.67%的三甲胺。     

剑麻ISSR反应体系的建立及其优化

为利用ISSR分子标记进行剑麻遗传多样性分析和种质资源鉴定,分析了剑麻ISSR反应的主要参数对反应体系的影响。结果表明:25μL的反应体系中含150ng的模板DNA、10μLTaq聚合酶MIX、0.5μmol/L引物。优化的反应程序:94℃预变性5min;94℃变性30s,设定温度(51~60.3℃)退火45s,72℃延伸45s,循环35次;然后72℃延伸10min;筛选到16条适合剑麻扩增的ISSR引物。     

肃南县天然草地退化成因及防治对策

通过对祁连山区肃南县天然草地退化现状的调查研究,指出草地退化的主要原因是气候变化、超载过牧、滥垦乱挖、草地利用不合理及鼠虫害等,提出了防治草地退化的对策。     

Photoperiod affects the survival rate but not the development of larval swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus

Photoperiod is a crucial environmental factor affecting the survival and development of crustacean larvae. The full-spectrum light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were used as light sources to investigate the effect of five photoperiods, i.e., 0 L:24D (constant darkness), 6 L:18D (6 h photophase), 12 L:12D (12 h photophase), 18 L:6D (18 h photophase), and 24 L:0D (constant light) on the survival and development of the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus larvae (from zoea I to juvenile crab). Natural photoperiod (ambient) was used as a control group. Each treatment had four replicates (n?=?4, 100 larvae per replicate). The experiment lasted 20 days when all the larvae died or metamorphosed into juvenile crabs. The results revealed that the P. trituberculatus could not metamorphose into juvenile crab under constant darkness, 6 h photophase, and constant light, and all the larvae died in zoeal III, zoeal IV, and zoeal IV stage, respectively. The highest survival and the shortest developmental duration of larvae were found in the 12 h photophase group (1.75%, 16.80 d) but were not statistically different from those reared in the 18 h photophase group (0.75%, 17.00 d) and natural photoperiod (0.25%, 18.90 d). The above results indicated that full-spectrum LEDs could be a considerable alternation for natural light, and the optimal photoperiod for P. trituberculatus larvae is 12–18 h photophase.

     

非完全对称气动柔性弯曲关节力学特性实验

为改进柔性机器人驱动器结构及数学模型,提出了一种非完全对称气动柔性弯曲关节及其数学模型。为了实现其实时闭环控制系统,进一步简化了原有数学模型,并对其力学特性进行了实验研究。搭建了力学特性实验平台,并对两种不同规格(长度分别为40、60 mm)的关节进行了测试。采用Matlab曲线及曲面工具箱对测试结果进行分析,得到了新型气动柔性弯曲关节的经验模型。该经验模型表明气动柔性弯曲关节的弯曲角度与初始长度、关节内外气压差、输出力之间存在非线性关系。与简化的数学模型比较,该经验模型具有更高的精度,其中输出角度模型相对误差平均值小于6.7%,输出力模型相对误差平均值小于2%。同时,该经验模型纠正了原有数学模型中,认为关节初始长度与弯曲角呈正比的错误结论。     

THE MINIMAL PERIODIC SOLUTIONS OF SYMMETRICAL AUTONOMOUS SUBQUADRATIC CONSERVATIVE SYSTEMS

The existence of the minimal periodic solutions of the non-constant of a class of symmetrical autonomous subquadratic second order Hamiltonian systems is studied with minimization.     

番茄花粉生活力研究

本研究从制种实践出发,对番茄花粉生活力曲线及影响花粉生活力的诸多因素--不同采花时间、干燥时间、干燥方式、贮藏方式进行了研究.结果表明:冀东番茄杂交制种适宜的时期是5月26日以后.标准蕾、较大蕾的花粉生活力极低,为适宜的去雄时期;盛开的花花粉生活力最强,为适宜的采花时期;开花当天上午的花粉生活力极显著高于下午的新鲜花粉生活力,但干燥至第2天早晨,二者无显著差异,故开花当天上午、下午采花均可;室内自然阴干是花药的最佳干燥方式,干燥时间以8 h内为宜;花粉贮藏以低温干燥法最好.     

壳聚糖对奶牛隐性乳房炎血清蛋白质的影响

为研究壳聚糖对隐性乳房炎奶牛血清蛋白质含量的影响,选择体重、胎次、泌乳期、泌乳量相近的隐性乳房炎奶牛30头,随机分成5组,每组6头。组成对照组和试验1、2、3、4组。每天在各组奶牛的基础日粮中分别添加0g、10g、20g、40g、80g壳聚糖,连续饲喂两周,每周每头定期采集静脉血约10ml,测定血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白的含量。结果表明,试验1、2组血清总蛋白和白蛋白有升高趋势,但差异均不显著(P>0.05),而3、4组均显著升高(P<0.05),其中试验4组总蛋白差异极显著(P<0.01)。结论:壳聚糖能够提高血清总蛋白和白蛋白的含量,有利于恢复患病奶牛的血浆胶体渗透压,增强机体抗病能力,促进康复过程。其用量以40￣80g/(d·头),持续两周以上为宜。     

苯醚甲环唑与戊唑醇混配对水稻稻曲病菌联合作用的测定

为明确苯醚甲环唑与戊唑醇不同比例混配对水稻稻曲病菌联合作用的类型,采用病菌菌丝生长抑制率和菌丝生长速率法测定了苯醚甲环唑、戊唑醇及其5种配比对水稻稻曲病菌的毒力作用。结果表明,苯醚甲环唑与戊唑醇对水稻稻曲病菌的EC50分别为1.568、21.487 mg/L,苯醚甲环唑对水稻稻曲病菌的室内生物活性明显优于戊唑醇。在苯醚甲环唑与戊唑醇的5个不同配比中,4:5配比的EC50最小,为1.858 mg/L。1:8、2:7、3:6、4:5混配组合的SR均大于1.5,表明上述4种混配组合对水稻稻曲病菌均表现为增效作用;(2~4):(7~5)配比的SR均大于2.0,增效作用最强。苯醚甲环唑、戊唑醇对水稻稻曲病菌均有较高的室内生物活性,二者按(2~4):(7~5)的比例混配对水稻稻曲病菌有增效作用。建议用药浓度为117~375 mg/L。     

The Application of the Nehari Arguments to the Problems of the Existence about the Minimal Periodic Solutions of the Hamiltonian Systems

Using the Nehari argument about the constrained extreme values and the theorem that the functional defined on complete Finsler manifold and satisfying the Palais-Smale condition and having lower bound has a minimal value point,we study the existence of the minimal periodic solutions for nonconvex quadratic and superquadratic second order Hamiltonian systems.