全文获取类型
收费全文 | 476篇 |
免费 | 9篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 32篇 |
农学 | 21篇 |
基础科学 | 6篇 |
128篇 | |
综合类 | 51篇 |
农作物 | 12篇 |
水产渔业 | 30篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 166篇 |
园艺 | 11篇 |
植物保护 | 28篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 3篇 |
2022年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 5篇 |
2019年 | 7篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 5篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 21篇 |
2012年 | 37篇 |
2011年 | 41篇 |
2010年 | 20篇 |
2009年 | 20篇 |
2008年 | 46篇 |
2007年 | 37篇 |
2006年 | 32篇 |
2005年 | 25篇 |
2004年 | 22篇 |
2003年 | 22篇 |
2002年 | 29篇 |
2001年 | 8篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 1篇 |
1998年 | 3篇 |
1997年 | 4篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 2篇 |
1948年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有485条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
71.
Vandenbussche F Vanbinst T Verheyden B Van Dessel W Demeestere L Houdart P Bertels G Praet N Berkvens D Mintiens K Goris N De Clercq K 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,129(1-2):15-27
In 2006 bluetongue (BT) emerged for the first time in North-Western Europe. Reliable diagnostic tools are essential in controlling BT but data on the diagnostic sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) are often missing. This paper aims to describe and analyse the results obtained with the diagnostics used in Belgium during the 2006 BT crisis. The diagnosis was based on a combination of antibody detection (competitive ELISA, cELISA) and viral RNA detection by real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). The performance of the cELISA as a diagnostic tool was assessed on field results obtained during the epidemic and previous surveillance campaigns. As the infectious status of the animals is unknown during an epidemic, a Bayesian analysis was performed. Both assays were found to be equally specific (RT-qPCR: 98.5%; cELISA: 98.2%) while the diagnostic sensitivity of the RT-qPCR (99.5%) was superior to that of the cELISA (87.8%). The assumption of RT-qPCR as standard of comparison during the bluetongue virus (BTV) epidemic proved valid based on the results of the Bayesian analysis. A ROC analysis of the cELISA, using RT-qPCR as standard of comparison, showed that the cut-off point with the highest accuracy occurred at a percentage negativity of 66, which is markedly higher than the cut-off proposed by the manufacturer. The analysis of the results was further extended to serological and molecular profiling and the possible use of profiling as a rapid epidemiological marker of the BTV in-field situation was assessed. A comparison of the serological profiles obtained before, during and at the end of the Belgian epidemic clearly showed the existence of an intermediate zone which appears soon after BTV (re)enters the population. The appearance or disappearance of this intermediate zone is correlated with virus circulation and provides valuable information, which would be entirely overlooked if only positive and negative results were considered. 相似文献
72.
van Asten AJ Allaart JG Meeles AD Gloudemans PW Houwers DJ Gröne A 《Veterinary microbiology》2008,127(3-4):412-416
Clostridium perfringens which is a causative agent of several diseases in animals and humans is capable of producing a variety of toxins. Isolates are typed into five types on the basis of the presence of one or more of the four major toxins genes, i.e. cpa, cpb, etx, and iap. A decade ago another toxin termed beta2 (beta2) and its gene (cpb2) were identified. Two alleles of cpb2 are known and a possible link between differences in gene expression and allelic variation has been reported. A correlation between the level of expression and the origin of the isolates has also been suggested. The demonstration and typing of the cpb2 gene in the genome of isolates can be seen as a vital part of research on the role of the beta2 toxin in the pathogenesis of disease. This study describes a PCR with a single primer set which in contrast to published primer sets recognizes both alleles. Subsequent restriction enzyme analysis of the PCR product enables typing of the alleles. Applying this protocol on a total of 102 isolates, a sub-variant was found which occurred only in C. perfringens isolates from pigs and appeared to be the predominant variant found in C. perfringens isolates from this species. 相似文献
73.
74.
The risk of death: the confidential enquiry into perioperative small animal fatalities 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Brodbelt DC Blissitt KJ Hammond RA Neath PJ Young LE Pfeiffer DU Wood JL 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2008,35(5):365-373
Objective To estimate the risks of anaesthetic and sedation‐related mortality in companion animals in the UK. (The Confidential Enquiry into Perioperative Small Animal Fatalities, CEPSAF). Study design A prospective cohort study with nested case–control study. Animal population All small animals anaesthetized and sedated at participating centres between June 2002 and June 2004. Methods Patient outcomes at 48 hours (alive, dead and killed) were recorded. Anaesthetic and sedation‐related death was defined as death where surgical or pre‐existing medical causes did not solely cause death. Species‐specific risks of anaesthetic‐related death and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. Risks were also estimated in the sub‐sets of dogs, cats and rabbits that were either healthy or sick (ASA 1–2 and 3–5, respectively). Results One hundred and seventeen veterinary practices participated in the study and 98 036 dogs, 79 178 cats and 8209 rabbits were anaesthetized and sedated. Overall risks of anaesthetic and sedation‐related death in dogs were 0.17% (1 in 601, 95% CI 0.14–0.19%), in cats 0.24% (1 in 419, 95% CI 0.20–0.27%) and in rabbits 1.39% (1 in 72, 95% CI 1.14–1.64%) within 48 hours of the procedure. In healthy dogs, cats and rabbits, the risks were estimated to be 0.05% (1 in 1849, 95% CI 0.04–0.07%), 0.11%, (1 in 895, 95% CI 0.09–0.14%) and 0.73% (1 in 137, 95% CI 0.54–0.93%), respectively. In sick dogs, cats and rabbits, the risks were 1.33%, (1 in 75, 95% CI 1.07–1.60%), 1.40% (1 in 71, 95% CI 1.12–1.68%) and 7.37% (1 in 14, 95% CI 5.20–9.54%), respectively. Postoperative deaths accounted for 47% of deaths in dogs, 61% in cats and 64% in rabbits. Most other small animal species had higher mortality risks. Conclusions and clinical relevance Small animal anaesthesia appears to be increasingly safe. Greater patient care in the postoperative period could reduce fatalities. 相似文献
75.
迄今为止,动物营养以及人营养主要关注如何为人和动物的维持以及动物生产提供所需的营养素和能量。此外,在生长动物饲料中迄今一直使用诸如抗生素(AGP)的抗微生物产品,认为其可以通过影响胃肠道微生物进而促进动物生长。 相似文献
76.
Zusammenfassung Es wurde untersucht, welche Faktoren die Empfindlichkeit von ?pfeln für Druckstellen unmittelbar nach der CA/ULO-Lagerung
(CA = Controlled Atmosphere, ULO = Ultra Low Oxygen) beeinflussen.
Früchte der Sorten ‘Golden Delicious’ und ‘Jonagold’ wurden nach der CA/ULO-Lagerung für fünf Tage bei vier verschiedenen
Nachlagerungsbedingungen (kühl in und ohne Folienbeutel, warm in und ohne Folienbeutel) aufbewahrt. Direkt nach der Auslagerung,
ein Tag und fünf Tage sp?ter wurden die ?pfel mittels zwei Apparaturen unterschiedlichen Belastungen ausgesetzt, um Druckstellen
zu erzeugen. Weitere gemessene Parameter waren die Fruchtfleischfestigkeit, der Gelbwert, der Gewichtsverlust, der Zellbruchpunkt
und die Schalenbruchfestigkeit.
Das Ausma? der Druckstellen nahm mit steigender Belastung der Früchte zu. Die warm gelagerten Früchte zeigten mit zunehmender
Zeit der Nachlagerung eine geringere Druckstellenempfindlichkeit. Die kühl gelagerten Früchte der Sorte ‘Golden Delicious’
zeigten eine Zunahme der Druckstellenempfindlichkeit im Verlauf der Nachlagerung, die der Sorte ‘Jonagold’ eine Abnahme oder
keine Ver?nderung.
Ein Zusammenhang zwischen der Druckstellenempfindlichkeit und der Fruchtfleischfestigkeit, dem Zellbruchpunkt oder der Schalenbruchfestigkeit
wurde nicht festgestellt.
相似文献
77.
Soumare B Tempia S Cagnolati V Mohamoud A Van Huylenbroeck G Berkvens D 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,121(3-4):249-256
Following repeated import bans imposed by Saudi Arabia on livestock originated from Somalia due to suspicion of Rift Valley fever (RVF) presence and the severe socio-economic consequences of this, it was imperative for the Somaliland government to carry out surveillance activities in order to determine the status of transboundary diseases in its territory. A GIS computer software (Arcview) was used to overcome the lack of lists of sampling sites due to the high mobility of pastoral nomadic herds in the study area. This method proved very convenient and flexible for the random selection of sampling sites and thus the compliance with the requirements by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) for statistically valid methods if the surveillance outcome is to meet international recognition and acceptance. Screening in Somaliland in 2001 and in Puntland in 2003 which targeted mainly sheep and goats aged 1-2 years (97% of surveyed animals) revealed no signs compatible with the disease but an overall sero-prevalence of 2+/-0.02% (90/4570) and 5+/-0.3% (206/4050), respectively. The spatial distribution showed clusters of high sero-prevalence located mostly in the Nugal Valley. This trend was confirmed by the follow-up survey implemented in Somaliland in 2004 with a herd prevalence of 80+/-6% and a within-herd prevalence up to 50% located again in the Nugal Valley. This result suggests the maintenance and increase of RVF virus activity in the valley. In addition conditions favourable to the breeding and survival of the vector population and the high density of livestock make the Nugal Valley an area of high risk for a RVF outbreak where sentinel herds will be placed. 相似文献
78.
Interpretation of the result of a diagnostic test depends not only on the actual test result(s) but also on information external to this result, namely the test's sensitivity and specificity. This external information (also called prior information) must be combined with the data to yield the so-called updated, posterior estimates of the true prevalence and the test characteristics. The Bayesian approach offers a natural, intuitive framework in which to carry out this estimation process. The influence of the prior information on the final result may not be ignored. Guidance for the choice of prior information not in conflict with the data can be obtained from a set of statistics and indices (DIC, p(D), Bayes-p). 相似文献
79.
Sugars in the form of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and glycoconjugates (glycoproteins, glycolipids) are vital components of infecting microbes and host cells, and are involved in cell signalling associated with modulation of inflammation in all integumental structures. Indeed, sugars are the molecules most commonly involved in cell recognition and communication. In skin, they are essential to epidermal development and homeostasis. They play important roles in microbial adherence, colonization and biofilm formation, and in virulence. Two groups of pathogen recognition receptors, C-type lectins (CTL) and their receptors (CTLR), and the Toll-like receptors enable the host to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which are mainly glycolipids. The CTLs can recognize a wide variety of bacteria, fungi and parasites and are important in phagocytosis and endocytosis. TLRs are expressed on the surfaces of a variety of cells, including keratinocytes, dendritic cells, monocytes and macrophages; they play a major role in innate immunity. Interaction of TLRs with PAMPs initiates a cascade of events leading to production of reactive oxygen intermediates, cytokines and chemokines, and promotes inflammation. Exogenous sugars can block carbohydrate receptors and competitively displace bacteria from attachment to cells, including keratinocytes. Thus sugars may provide valuable adjunctive anti-inflammatory and/or antimicrobial treatment. A promising approach is the use of a panel of carbohydrate derivatives with anti-adhesive efficacy against bacteria frequently involved in diseases affecting skin and other epithelia. More complete characterization of sugar receptors and their ligands will provide further keys to use of carbohydrates in immunomodulation and infection control in skin. 相似文献
80.