总酚含量及多酚氧化酶活性与岩黄连愈伤组织褐化的相关性研究

以未褐化的岩黄连愈伤组织为材料,于培养基中添加不同浓度的抗坏血酸,研究抗坏血酸对岩黄连愈伤组织褐化及总酚含量和多酚氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明：在培养第20天,各处理岩黄连愈伤组织的褐化率均低于对照;各处理的多酚氧化酶活性均高于对照,其中抗坏血酸浓度175mg/L的处理多酚氧化酶活性最高,为14.1400U/(g·min),比对照高72.3%;各处理的总酚含量均低于对照,抗坏血酸浓度为175mg/L的处理总酚含量最低,为0.4633μg/mL,比对照低88.3%。相关性分析结果表明,岩黄连愈伤组织褐变率与总酚含量呈正相关,与多酚氧化酶活性呈负相关;而岩黄连愈伤组织多酚氧化酶活性和总酚含量呈极显著负相关。     

中华猕猴桃蛋白磷酸酶PP2C75基因的生物信息学分析

蛋白磷酸酶PP2C是一类重要的信号分子,广泛参与ABA的信号转导途径,包括ABA调控对干旱等逆境胁迫的响应。为了探究PP2C基因在中华猕猴桃这类不耐旱型果树中的功能,本研究使用同源分析法对转录组中的中华猕猴桃蛋白磷酸酶PP2C75基因序列进行分析,利用网上在线分析工具分析其编码蛋白质的结构并预测其功能。研究结果表明,该核苷酸序列的开放阅读框为1 206 bp,编码401个氨基酸。其编码蛋白质属于亲水性蛋白,无信号肽,未形成跨膜结构域,具有一个完整且保守的PP2C催化结构域。通过三级结构建模和保守元件比较分析,发现PP2C75与其他响应干旱的PP2C基因有相同的保守元件,相似率达57%,与PP2C16的序列一致度最高,达48.66%。初步推测PP2C75参与ABA的信号转导途径且可能与猕猴桃的干旱胁迫相关。该研究结果可为后续的基因功能确证以及中华猕猴桃品种改良提供参考依据。     

皮肤癣菌微量液基稀释法抗真菌先导化合物敏感性试验方法的建立

为考察抗真菌先导化合物的抗皮肤癣菌活性.建立一种皮肤癣菌微量液基稀释法抗真菌先导化合物敏感性试验方法.以NCCLS(CLSI)M38-A产孢丝状真菌抗真菌药敏试验参考方案为基础,笔者对6种溶媒对红色毛癣菌生长系数的影响进行了考察.对红色毛癣菌的孢子接种量、所用培养基、孵育温度和时间以及终点判定等条件进行了修正.各种溶媒的工作浓度应该分别不高于1%(N,N-二甲基甲酰胺)、8%(聚乙二醇200)、2%(二甲基亚砜)、4%(丙酮)、8%(无水乙醇)、2%(1,2-丙二醇).红色毛癣菌孢子接种量在1×104～5.0×104CFU/ml、培养温度28℃、培养时间7d、80%的菌株生长受到抑制时作为判定的终点是理想的测定条件.改良后的M38-A方案,其试验结果可靠,具有很强的重现性,适合作为考察先导化合物的抗皮肤癣菌活性的药敏试验方法.     

A protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B activity inhibitor from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Karst and its hypoglycemic potency on streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice

Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) activity has been considered to be a promising therapy approach to treat type 2 diabetes. In this work, a novel PTP1B activity inhibitor, named FYGL (Fudan-Yueyang-G. lucidum), was screened from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum and showed an efficient PTP1B inhibitory potency with IC?? = 5.12 ± 0.05 μg/mL. FYGL is a water-soluble macromolecular proteoglycan with a protein to polysaccharide ratio of 17:77 and a viscosity-average molecular weight (M(η)) of 2.6 × 10?. The type 2 diabetic mice treated orally by FYGL showed an obvious decrease in plasma glucose level compared with the diabetic controls without drug treatment, comparable with that of diabetic mice treated with metformin, a clinical drug. The toxicity of FYGL is very low. The results indicate that FYGL may serve as a drug candidate or a health-care food for diabetic therapy or protection.     

基于图像处理的胡萝卜青头须根与开裂的检测方法

为了实现基于计算机视觉的胡萝卜外观品质自动分级系统,基于图像处理的方法,参照国家标准(SB/T10450-2007),该文提出影响胡萝卜外观等级的须根、青头、开裂等关键参数的提取算法.须根检测算法通过提取骨架检测端点数来实现,青头检测算法通过R分量上二值化得到,开裂检测算法使用S分量结合区域标记的方法完成,在此基础上构建了须根数、青头比和开裂度3个量化标准,对试验随机采集的520个胡萝卜图像的青头、须根和开裂进行检测,正确率分别达到了97.5%,81.8%,92.3%,总体识别率91.3%.该文所构建的胡萝卜关键特征检测方法,对研究机器视觉的胡萝卜外观品质自动检测装置与分级生产线具有积极意义.     

新疆水资源开发利用的基本认识与实践

通过对新疆水资源特点及开发利用中存在问题的分析,提出了解决主要水问题的基本观点和认识,阐述了生态保障可利用水量的概念,并提出了新时期西部大开发新疆水利基础设施建设的总体思路和布局.     

Suppression of free fatty acid-induced insulin resistance by phytopolyphenols in C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells

It was reported that increased plasma levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) are associated with profound insulin resistance in skeletal muscle and may also play a critical role in the insulin resistance of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Skeletal muscle is the major site for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and is involved in energy regulation and homeostasis. In this study, we used 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, and palmitate to induce insulin resistance in C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells. Our data show that epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and curcumin treatment reduce insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) Ser307 phosphorylation, and curcumin is more potent to increase Akt phosphorylation in TPA induction. Moreover, we found that after 5 h of palmitate incubation, epicatechin gallate (ECG) can suppress IRS-1 Ser307 phosphorylation and significantly promote Akt, ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, and AMP-activated protein kinase activation. With a longer incubation with palmitate, IRS-1 exhibited a dramatic depletion, and treatment with EGCG, ECG, and curcumin could reverse IRS-1 expression, Akt phosphorylation, and MAPK signaling cascade activation and improve glucose uptake in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells, especially ECG and curcumin. In addition, treatment with these polyphenols can suppress acetyl-CoA carboxylase activation, but only EGCG could inhibit lipid accumulation in the intracellular site. These findings may suggest that curcumin shows the best capacity to improve FFA-induced insulin resistance than the other two, and ECG was more effective than EGCG in attenuating insulin resistance.     

杜仲可乐生产工艺的研究

研究了利用杜仲叶生产杜仲可乐的工艺。确定了杜仲可乐糖浆配制和杜仲可乐的生产流程，对杜仲可乐几种重要原料的单因素试验确定了杜仲可乐中各组分的较优用量，根据配方正交试验和模糊综合评判的结果，进行杜仲可乐的试验生产，确定了生产的最佳配方。     

树干液流及其主要影响因子对摘芽强度的响应

为了探讨摘芽强度对树木液流变化特征及其主要环境调控因子的影响,为人工林及果园等高效抚育管理提供参考,该研究以毛白杨(Populus tomentosa)为研究对象,设置4种摘芽处理(不摘芽CK、轻度摘芽BP1.0、中度摘芽BP1.5、重度摘芽BP2.0),采用热扩散式液流检测技术,结合自动气象站,对造林后第2～3个生长...