规模化猪场清粪工艺比选分析

生猪产业是中国畜牧业的主导产业,是城乡居民"菜篮子"产品的重要组成部分。随着生猪产业的持续发展,养殖所产生的粪便污染对环境的影响也日益突出,逐渐成为重要的农业面源污染之一。作者简要论述了生猪养殖对环境的影响,分析了当前生猪养殖的几种重要清粪工艺,对规模化猪场清粪工艺进行了比选分析,并提出了规模化猪场清粪工艺选择的建议。     

不同蛋白质水平对中卫山羊妊娠母羊日粮消化性能的影响

选择体重、年龄相近健康的妊娠母羊30只,随机分为3组。每组10只。采用相同能量水平、不同蛋白质水平的日粮饲养。试验结果表明,在本试验条件下,日粮蛋白质含量以116.57g/d比较有利于中卫山羊妊娠母羊的生长发育。     

犬胆结石引发肝外总胆管阻塞的诊治

1例贵宾犬出现呕吐、食欲不振、可视黏膜黄染和明显腹痛;血常规显示轻度贫血和白细胞总数升高;血清生化显示丙氨酸氨基转移酶、碱性磷酸酶、总胆红素升高,C-反应蛋白显著升高,胰腺特异性脂肪酶异常;B超显示胆囊和总胆管扩张,胆囊及总胆管内有胆结石。确诊为胆结石并继发慢性胆囊炎、肝外总胆管阻塞、急性胰腺炎、肝损伤,采用胆囊摘除术及总胆管切开术将结石取出,术后该犬恢复良好。     

新型中草药添加剂在母猪阶段的喂养试验

分两组从母猪产前30 d至断乳进行试验观察。考虑到猪场喂药、产仔、拌料方便,试验组选择53头母猪在产前30 d给怀孕母猪饲喂添加新型中草药制剂(主要含多喂康颗粒Ⅰ型、益母草、鱼腥草);对照组选择42头母猪,根据该场日常饲养状况进行饲养(产前10 d投喂抗生素进行预防性用药)。通过新型中草药制剂喂养试验说明,新型中草药添加剂在产前30 d投喂对提高健仔数、成活率、出生重和断乳重有重要作用,使用新型中草药新制剂作为预防用药与抗生素相比成本降低了,生态效益也得到改善。     

绢丝昆虫茧丝蛋白酶抑制剂含量的比较分析

以 6种绢丝昆虫的茧壳为材料 ,对茧丝蛋白酶抑制剂的含量及热稳定性进行了研究。结果表明 :家蚕品种间茧丝蛋白酶抑制剂的含量差异极显著 ,外层丝中含量较多 ,F1代的含量呈双亲中间型 ,偏向于含量较多的亲本 ,雌雄间含量无显著差异 ;家蚕茧丝蛋白酶抑制剂对热稳定性较强 ;天蚕绿茧、野蚕的茧丝中有少量的蛋白酶抑制剂存在 ,蓖麻蚕的茧丝中有微量蛋白酶抑制剂存在 ,天蚕黄茧、柞蚕茧、樗蚕茧的茧丝中基本无蛋白酶抑制剂存在。     

钱塘江定向钻穿越预制施工场地选择的借鉴意义

长输管道定向钻穿越施工是长输管线进行三穿施工的一种常见方式。笔者通过江南水网各种管径数十条定向钻穿越管段预制的亲身经历,尤其是浙江省天然气杭甬天然气输气管道工程中钱塘江定向钻穿越的预制场地的选择,给同类大口径长距离定向钻穿越施工的预制场地选择提供了一定的借鉴意义。     

狂犬病病毒BD-06株基质蛋白的原核表达、纯化及其多克隆抗体的制备

本研究旨在获得抗狂犬病病毒M蛋白的多克隆抗体,为进一步研究M蛋白功能提供材料。本试验以狂犬病病毒BD06毒株为模板克隆M基因序列,将其克隆至原核表达载体pET28a;经酶切和测序鉴定,M蛋白基因序列已正确插入表达载体pET28a;以表达载体pET28a-M转化E.coli Rosetta株,并以0.5 mmol/L IPTG诱导,结果表达出27 ku左右的M蛋白;将诱导表达的蛋白质回收纯化,以纯化的M蛋白多次免疫兔子制备多克隆抗体;Western blotting分析和间接免疫荧光分析结果表明,制得的抗体与病毒能够反应,运用制得的多克隆抗体定位了基质蛋白在感染狂犬病病毒的BHK-21细胞中的位置。结果表明成功制得了抗狂犬病病毒M蛋白的多克隆抗体,为研究狂犬病病毒M蛋白功能奠定了基础。     

日本乙型脑炎病毒E抗原表位的筛选

为筛选日本乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)的E抗原表位,本实验以抗JEV E蛋白的单克隆抗体(MAb)作为固相筛选分子,应用噬菌体表面展示技术,按消减、结合、洗脱、扩增的顺序筛选噬菌体七肽库,挑取噬菌体单克隆培养并采用MAb包被的ELISA鉴定,对阳性克隆测序分析,确定JEV E抗原模拟表位的氨基酸序列.设计合成包含该表位的E抗原15肽(E-365GGADSMSMAGMAVSYE-379)cDNA序列,与pGEX-KG构建重组表达质粒,诱导表达重组多肽并进行western blot验证.经过4轮筛选后,噬菌体得到高度富集,挑取单克隆采用MAb包被进行ELISA鉴定,有22个克隆呈阳性.对重组多肽进行western blot验证,结果表明该重组多肽能够特异结合兔抗JEV多克隆抗体.本实验成功筛选出JEV结构蛋白E的特异性噬菌体模拟表位,为开展用JEV抗原表位探索JEV的防制研究创造了条件,为多肽疫苗研制、药物筛选以及特异血清学诊断方法的建立提供重要依据.     

The role of toll-like receptors in the pathogenesis of Streptococcus suis

Streptococcus suis is an important agent of swine and human meningitis. Sequence type (ST) 7 emerged in China and was responsible for the human epidemic caused by S. suis in 2005. The virulence of S. suis ST7 is greater than the wild type pathogenic S. suis, ST1; however, the mechanisms for this increased pathogenicity are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the role of different toll-like receptors (TLRs) involved in regulating the host response to the S. suis infection and to speculate on differing mechanisms used by ST7 strains to induce disease. Here we compared two ST7 strains isolated in the 2005 Sichuan outbreak to two ST1 strains. Our data show TLR2, 6 and 9 are involved in the recognition of heat-killed S. suis independent of the ST type. We found the TLR-dependent cytokine production differed between the two types of strains using whole cell lysate proteins. TLR6 played a greater role in cytokine production induced by the whole cell lysate proteins from the ST7 strain than in that induced by the ST1 strain lysates. The data suggest that mechanisms of inflammation induced by S. suis strains differ where this will be useful in designing efficient strategies in combating streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome caused by the S. suis ST7 strains.     

Oral administration of tepoxalin in the horse: a PK/PD study

Tepoxalin is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties and has been recently introduced into veterinary medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profile of tepoxalin to assess whether it would be suitable for clinical use in horses. Six female fasting/fed horses were given 10mg/kg tepoxalin orally in a cross-over study. After administration, tepoxalin underwent rapid and extensive hydrolytic conversion to its carboxylic acid metabolite RWJ-20142. In animals that had been fed, the plasma concentrations of tepoxalin were undetectable, whereas in fasting animals they were close to the limit of quantification of the method. No differences between the fasting/fed groups in RWJ-20142 plasma concentrations were shown. Tepoxalin showed a strong and long-lasting ex vivo inhibitory activity against cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, mainly due to its main metabolite RWJ-20142. Tepoxalin and RWJ-20142 do not seem to possess either COX-2 or 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity in the horse. These features suggest that the drug is a selective COX-1 inhibitor in horses, with no significant anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, its long term use in equine practice could be of concern.