Attempts to restore abduction of the paralyzed equine arytenoid cartilage. II. Nerve implantation (pilot study).

The purpose of this project was to attempt restoration of abduction of a recently experimentally denervated left dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle by implanting a transected nerve-end into the paralyzed muscle. In six ponies the cut end of the second cervical nerve was implanted into a slit made in the left dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle. The nerve end was secured in place with one 5-0 polypropylene suture connecting the epineurium to the epimysium. The left recurrent laryngeal nerve was transected during this procedure. All six ponies showed signs of complete left laryngeal hemiplegia immediately after surgery. Postoperatively all ponies were evaluated qualitatively on a monthly basis by subjective examination for evidence of abduction of the arytenoid cartilages on endoscopy and quantitatively by measurement of the cross sectional area of the left and right half of the rima glottidis. Subjective endoscopic evidence of partial abduction was seen in four of the six ponies six months postoperatively. Measurement of the cross sectional area of the rima glottidis revealed a total loss of 38% of the area immediately postoperatively. There were no significant changes in cross sectional areas of the rima glottidis between the immediate postoperative evaluation to the six months postoperative evaluation. Gross postmortem examination revealed partial dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle atrophy as evidenced by a 24-55% decrease in muscle mass compared to the right dorsal cricoarytenoid muscle. Histopathological studies revealed regions with clusters of large muscle fibers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Clinical and pathological effects of flunixin meglumine administration to neonatal foals.

The effects of daily intravenous administration of flunixin meglumine at dosages of 0.55, 1.1, 2.2 and 6.6 mg/kg for five days were examined in neonatal foals. Six two day old foals were used to evaluate the effect of each dosage. Foals were examined every day and blood samples collected on days 1, 3 and 6. All foals were euthanized after six days, necropsied and examined for lesions. The major clinical abnormality was diarrhea, but the incidence was not related to the dosage of flunixin meglumine administered. The foals receiving 6.6 mg/kg of flunixin meglumine had significantly more gastrointestinal ulceration and greater cecal pathology and cecal petechiation scores than those foals treated with saline. The foals in the 6.6 mg/kg treatment group had a greater loss of total protein during the study, but the difference was not significant. There were no statistically significant blood cellular or biochemical alterations associated with the administration of flunixin meglumine. There were no significant clinicopathological differences between healthy foals treated with the recommended dosage of flunixin meglumine and those treated with physiological saline.     

Destruction of Trichinella spiralis spiralis during the preparation of the "dry cured" pork products proscuitto, proscuittini and Genoa salami

Genoa salami, proscuittini and proscuitto were prepared from pork carcasses that were heavily infected experimentally with Trichinella spiralis spiralis. Genoa salami was prepared with salt concentrations of 2.0%, 2.75% and 3.3%. Proscuitto was prepared by two procedures approved by Agriculture Canada. At various times postpreparation, samples of the various cured products were taken and examined by pepsin digestion and rat bioassay for the presence of viable trichinae. Water activity and pH of the cured meat were also determined. Curing of the various products was shown to destroy the Trichinella larvae. Pepsin digestion revealed that larvae progressively became loosely coiled, uncoiled and more subject to digestion (ghost larvae) during the curing process. Rat bioassay revealed the presence of viable trichinae in the proscuitto prepared using a sodium chloride salt mixture at day 34 but not at day 48 postpreparation. All other bioassays carried out on Genoa salami between 13 and 42 days postpreparation, on proscuittini between days 27 and 69 and on proscuitto between days 34 and 69 were negative for viable trichinae. Under the conditions of this study, preparing Genoa salami with salt concentrations as low as 2% did not appear to affect the destruction of Trichinella larvae.     

采后热处理和钙处理对‘黄冠’梨膜脂过氧化和保护酶活性的影响

以‘黄冠’梨果实为材料,研究了采后热处理（38 ℃热空气24 h）,钙处理（6% CaCl2浸果15 min）及热加钙处理（6% CaCl2 38 ℃）对果实低温贮藏过程中果实膜脂过氧化和保护酶活性的影响,以清水浸果为对照。结果表明,38 ℃、6%CaCl2及38 ℃ 6%CaCl2处理对果实贮藏期相对电导率的升高和果实硬度的下降有较好的抑制作用,延迟了POD、SOD活性高峰,使其峰值显著高于对照,显著抑制了果实贮藏后期LOX活性的增加及POD、SOD活性的下降;38 ℃处理对果实O2-的生成速率、MDA含量和PPO活性几乎没有影响,6%CaCl2及38 ℃ 6%CaCl2处理减慢了果实贮藏后期O2-的生成速率,减少了MDA的积累,降低了贮藏前期PPO的活性及其峰值。总体而言,热处理和钙处理通过维持果实硬度,延缓膜脂过氧化的发生,抑制保护酶活性的下降,提高活性氧的清除能力,保持活性氧代谢平衡,从而延缓果实衰老,其中38 ℃ 6%CaCl2的处理效果最好。     

龙眼中E进化支多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）基因DlPG1的表达模式与幼果脱落间关系的初步研究

从龙眼中分离获得一个多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（PG）基因,命名为DlPG1。DlPG1基因与多种物种PG基因氨基酸序列有较高的同源性,其中与同属于无患子科的荔枝同源性最高为95%且与荔枝的亲缘关系最近。DlPG1基因包含PG基因特有4个保守区中的3个,DlPG1属于E进化支PG基因家族成员。环剥摘叶处理可以显著促进龙眼幼果脱落,累积落果率在对照中为6.12%,在处理中为89.85%,相对落果率高峰出现在第5 d（处理是对照的188倍）。离区DlPG1基因表达量在处理中始终高于对照,且表达量高峰出现在第4 d（处理是对照的17倍）。基因表达量的高峰早于相对落果率高峰出现,据此推测DlPG1基因可能是调控龙眼幼果脱落的关键基因。到目前为止,DlPG1基因是首例在龙眼中发现的属于E进化支的可能与器官脱落相关的PG基因。     

两种热带森林覆盖变化检测方法比较研究

[目的]以热带森林复杂区域为对象,对两种缨帽变换“衍生数据”检测热带森林变化的方法的优劣进行比较.[方法]对两期数据进行缨帽变换,同时结合黑暗对象掩膜与局部直方图阈值提取等方法,获取亮度、绿度、湿度指数组合(MKT)和干扰指数(DI).采用MKT差值(MKT-D)、干扰指数差值(MDI-D)进行变化信息识别,然后,根据植被覆盖与亮度、绿度、湿度之间的变化关系,通过决策树分类提取变化信息,最后,对不同检测结果进行验证与比较分析.[结果]结果显示两种方法都能检测出森林内部的细微变化,但对小图斑变化,MKT-D检测优势明显,且MKT-D的kappa系数为0.763 0,MDI-D的kappa系数为0.655 9,两者相比,MKT-D方法优于MDI-D方法.[结论]MKT能够增强短波红外与近红外波段对森林变化信息的敏感性,有效地消除噪声等非目标信号,突出目标信号,此外,MKT-D为RGB彩色图像,更利于变化信息的目标提取与解译.     

低温预处理对不同储存时间黄帚橐吾种子发芽的影响

黄帚橐吾是分布在高寒草甸的一种常见毒害草,研究黄帚橐吾种子萌发的影响因素,对于探索黄帚橐吾在高寒草地上的扩散机制以及有效防除黄帚橐吾具有重要意义。通过对不同年份采集的黄帚橐吾种子进行不同的低温预处理,比较其发芽率、发芽指数、根长和苗长等的变化,探讨低温预处理对黄帚橐吾种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：经过4℃预处理24 h和-20℃预处理2 h,当年采集的黄帚橐吾种子发芽率有明显提高;经过-20℃预处理2 h,黄帚橐吾种子发芽指数无明显变化,4℃处理24 h后发芽指数也无明显变化,但经过48、72 h的4℃低温预处理后,发芽指数显著低于对照;随着4℃处理时间的延长,黄帚橐吾根长和苗长均有降低的趋势,而经过短时间(0.5 h)的-20℃预处理,储存1年后的黄帚橐吾种子苗长显著高于对照,根长无显著变化。综上所述,储存1年的黄帚橐吾种子的萌发活力低于当年采集的种子,但经过低温预处理后二者在发芽指数和苗长上的差距有所减小。因此,低温处理可以改善黄帚橐吾种子经过长期储存而引起的萌发活力降低的现象,但长时间低温处理会对黄帚橐吾幼苗的生长产生一定的抑制。     

HPLC法测定复方黄芪饲料添加剂中五种指标成分含量

试验旨在建立采用HPLC同时测定复方黄芪饲料添加剂中毛蕊异黄酮苷、甘草苷、刺芒柄花苷、毛蕊异黄酮、甘草酸5种指标成分含量的方法.试验采用Agela Venusic C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-0.1％磷酸溶液为流动相,进行梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温302.结果 显示,复方黄...     

安格斯妊娠母牛异食行为的营养代谢异常及其与肠道菌群相关性研究

牛异食行为(PICA)是以舔食、啃咬一些无营养价值异物为特征的一种异常行为,大多研究认为,PICA是因某些营养素紊乱和生活环境受限所致.业已证明,肠道菌群与宿主营养代谢关系密切,肠道菌群-肠-脑(micro-biota-gut-brain,MGB)轴与动物行为之间的相关性研究日益被揭示.但PICA牛的营养代谢物变化与其...     

不同干扰类型下滇西北高寒草甸土壤化学计量特征

为了解不同干扰类型对土壤养分的影响,本研究以云南迪庆州高寒草甸为对象,分析了封育?+?火烧、封育?+施肥、封育和放牧4种不同干扰类型下的土壤碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)、钾(K)化学计量特征.结果表明:1)在同一类型干扰下,土壤C、N、P、K浓度随着土层深度的增加而降低.土壤C、N、P、K浓度与土层深度表现为负相关关系...