41％草甘膦异丙胺盐水剂防除北方苹果园杂草药效试验

41％草甘膦异丙胺盐水剂防除北方苹果园杂草药效试验结果表明,该药剂可有效防除北方苹果园的一生杂草及多年生杂草,且对果树安全,推荐使用剂量为1230-2460g a．i．／hm^2。于苹果园杂草旺盛生长期进行茎叶喷雾处理。     

New Grouped Harvesting-Based Population Structures of Cotton

The construction of rational population structures is an important cultivation basis to achieve high yield and quality of cotton. ‘Small-sized plant under high plant density’, ‘moderate-sized plant under moderate plant density’ and ‘large-sized plant under low plant density’ are three types of traditional cotton population structures in China, which have been widely used in China's major cotton planting regions of Northwest inland, Yellow River and Yangtze River valley, respectively, and have played key roles in achieving stable and high yields of cotton in the nation. However, in the new era of cotton industry development, there occur such disadvantages that the traditional population structures are not suitable for grouped harvesting as well as both fiber quality and production efficiency improvements. The exploration of new population structures has become an important approach in the new period of cotton cultivation. In this paper, we concisely reviewed the main features and the disadvantages of traditional population structures. Based on the needs of light and cost-saving cultivation as well as quality improving and efficiency increasing in the new era, it was suggested that constructing 3 new types of population structures adapted to grouped harvesting, ‘reduced plant density with healthy plants’, ‘increased plant density with robust plants’, and ‘direct seeding and close planting with short plants’ to substitute the three traditional structures. On this basis, the key indicators and regulation technologies of the 3 new population structures were mainly discussed, and the future development of the new population structures both in research and practice were also prospected.     

亚热带地区冷季型草坪草夏季休眠控制研究

通过了解冷季型草坪草的特性,研究冷季型草坪草在夏季的生长状况和一些相关生理指标,找出冷季型草坪草夏季休眠的原因和耐热性机理,从而推广冷季型草坪草在园林绿地中的广泛应用,促进我国园林绿化事业的迅猛发展。     

西安城市热岛的时空分布特征

选取1959-2008年西安市常规气象站和城区加密自动站逐小时气温资料,采用城、郊气温对比法研究西安城市热岛效应的时间变化和空间分布。结果表明：西安城市热岛效应逐年增加,具有明显的季节变化特征;热岛强度日变化呈现双峰分布,两个峰值分别出现在05时和21时左右,最低值出现在11时左右。在西安市城区一直存在一个强城市强热岛...     

Progress on role of CCN1 in pulmonary diseases

Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61/CCN1) is an extracellular matrix-associated signaling protein consisting of 381 amino-acid residues, which has the regulatory function for a multitude of cellular responses. The pleiotropic effects of CCN1 on the initiation and resolution of inflammation as well as oncogenesis and development of tumor were reported. According to the numerous data from experimental and clinical studies, this article provides an overview on CCN1 and summarizes the latest understanding of the role of CCN1 in pulmonary diseases.     

凡纳滨对虾对13种动物性饲料原料营养物质表观消化率的研究

本试验以三氧化二钇(Y2O3)为指示剂,由70%的基础饲料和30%的待测原料组成试验饲料,旨在研究凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)对13种动物性饲料原料的营养物质表观消化率。13种动物性饲料原料分别为:白鱼粉(俄罗斯)、低温蒸汽红鱼粉(秘鲁)、国产直火干燥鱼粉、进口直火干燥鱼粉(秘鲁)、下杂鱼粉、血球蛋白粉、烘干血粉、鸡肉粉、肉骨粉、肉粉、酵解羽毛粉、水解羽毛粉和全虾粉。选取初始均重为(13.0±0.1)g的凡纳滨对虾1 260尾,随机分为14组,每组3个重复,每个重复30尾虾。各组对虾分别投喂相应试验饲料1周后,采用虹吸法收粪,测定干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总能、总磷和氨基酸的表观消化率。结果表明:13种饲料原料的干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总能、总磷和氨基酸的表观消化率范围分别为58.11%～76.91%、64.17%～93.57%、52.44%～95.62%、43.00%～95.21%、39.11%～76.47%和63.48%～94.06%。各饲料原料的氨基酸表观消化率与粗蛋白质表观消化率变化趋势基本一致。白鱼粉、低温蒸汽红鱼粉和进口直火干燥鱼粉的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著高于其他各饲料原料(P<0.05);酵解羽毛粉、水解羽毛粉和烘干血粉的粗脂肪表观消化率显著低于其他各饲料原料(P<0.05);白鱼粉和进口直火干燥鱼粉的总能表观消化率显著高于其他各饲料原料(P<0.05);白鱼粉、低温蒸汽红鱼粉、国产直火干燥鱼粉和进口直火干燥鱼粉的总磷表观消化率显著高于血球蛋白粉和烘干血粉(P<0.05)。13种动物性饲料原料中白鱼粉的干物质、总能和总磷的表观消化率最高,水解羽毛粉的干物质、粗蛋白质和总能的表观消化率最低,烘干血粉的粗脂肪和总磷的表观消化率最低。由此可见,不同来源和品质的鱼粉的营养物质表观消化率不同;鸡肉粉、肉骨粉、肉粉和全虾粉可作为凡纳滨对虾的优质蛋白质源,在实际生产中可部分替代鱼粉;羽毛粉和血粉由于所采用的加工工艺不同,其营养物质组成有所不同,导致表观消化率有一定的差异,在配制饲料前需对其进行营养价值的评定。     

蜡样芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌发酵条件的优化

研究旨在对动物饲料中添加的蜡样芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌的发酵条件进行优化。利用正交试验对两种杆菌的生长条件进行优化并验证。研究结果表明:蜡样芽孢杆菌培养的最佳条件为葡萄糖1.5%、蔗糖1.5%、淀粉0.5%、牛肉粉0.5%、蛋白胨1.5%、酵母粉1%、硫酸铵0.5%、培养时间18～20 h,活菌数可达1.3×10¹²CFU/mL,较优化之前的8×10¹¹CFU/mL提高了62.5%。嗜酸乳杆菌最佳生长条件为MRS液体培养基中添加1%大豆蛋白胨、2%葡萄糖、20%番茄汁、发酵时间22 h,最大活菌数达1.9×10¹¹CFU/mL,较优化之前的1.3×10¹¹CFU/mL提高了46.15%。使用优化的条件进行蜡样芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌进行发酵,可以极大地提高发酵水平和活菌数,有效降低生产成本。     

添加绿汁发酵液和四蚁酸铵对饲用甜高粱青贮品质的影响

 为探讨绿汁发酵液、四蚁酸铵及绿汁发酵液+四蚁酸铵对“大力士”饲用甜高粱青贮品质的影响,以“大力士”饲用甜高粱全株为青贮原料,设对照、绿汁发酵液、四蚁酸铵和绿汁发酵液+四蚁酸铵4个处理,常温下贮存60 d后取样,测定其发酵品质与化学成分。结果显示：添加绿汁发酵液、四蚁酸铵及绿汁发酵液+四蚁酸铵,均可显著降低“大力士”饲用甜高粱青贮饲料的pH和气体损失率（P＜0.05）,提高干物质回收率、粗蛋白和水溶性碳水化合物含量（P＜0.05）。表明添加绿汁发酵液、四蚁酸铵及绿汁发酵液+四蚁酸铵均可显著改善“大力士”饲用甜高粱的青贮品质。     

日光温室番茄品种比较试验

以‘多彩’、‘L30’、‘L31’、‘L40’、‘天正粉奥’、‘LC-10’6个番茄品种为试材,当地畅销品种‘LC-10’为对照,研究比较了不同番茄品种在日光温室中的植株性状、抗病性和产量及品质等性状。结果表明:6个番茄品种的植株性状、抗病性和产量都有一定程度的差异;其中‘多彩’优势明显,果实商品性状好,始花节位最低,株高和节间长度适中,花穗间叶片数较多并且茎粗最粗;果实扁圆形,果形端正,着色均匀,比对照增产17%,抗病、耐储运,为日光温室优良番茄品种。