Corticosterone inhibits LPS-induced expression of NLRP3 in mouse macrophages and its relation with XO

AIM: To investigate the inhibitory effect of corticosterone (CORT) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and its relation with xanthine oxidase (XO). METHODS: An inflammatory model of mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 was established by stimulating with LPS. Total cellular protein was extracted after the macrophages were treated with CORT at different concentrations (0~900 μg/L). The protein levels of NLRP3 and caspase-1 were determined by Western blot. According to the treatments, the macrophages were divided into control group, LPS group, LPS+CORT group and LPS+allopurinol group. Cell components were extracted at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 h. The protein levels of NLRP3 and XO were determined by Western blot,and the mRNA expression of NLRP3 and XO was detected by real-time PCR. RESULTS: CORT at 700 μg/L and above significantly inhibited the expression of NLRP3 and the activation of caspase-1 in the macrophages induced by LPS (P<0.05). Compared with LPS group, the expression of NLRP3 and XO in LPS+CORT group was inhibited (P<0.05), and the expression of NLRP3 in LPS+allopurinol group was also reduced (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: High concentration of CORT inhibits the expression of NLRP3 in LPS-induced mouse macrophages, which is associated with XO. The inhibitory effect of CORT may be related to the reduction of XO expression.     

空心莲子草浸提液对苜蓿、菊苣和燕麦的潜在化感效应

空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)是全球难以根除的恶性杂草,遍布我国20多个省(市)的陆地和水域,造成巨大的生态灾难和经济损失,研究它对牧草的化感作用可为有效防除和选种牧草提供科学依据。本研究以苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、菊苣(Cichorium intybus)和燕麦(Avena sativa)为受体植物材料,采用培养和盆栽试验,研究了空心莲子草地上部(ESA)和根系浸提液(ERA)对牧草种子发芽和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,用ESA和ERA浸种,抑制牧草胚乳蛋白质、淀粉和肌醇磷酸盐水解,降低种子游离氨基酸、可溶性糖和水溶性无机磷含量,破坏种子细胞膜结构,从而抑制牧草种子萌发,其发芽率、发芽指数和活力指数的最大降幅依次为95.66%、96.15%和98.63%。用ESA和ERA浇灌幼苗,会降低牧草根系活力、硝酸还原酶活性和叶绿素含量,减少植株氮、磷、钾吸收,抑制幼苗生长,生物量的最大降幅分别为52.27%(ESA)和63.74%(ERA)。此外,ESA和ERA对3种牧草的化感指数和化感综合效应均为负值,其绝对值随浸提液浓度增加而增大,且表现为ERA大于ESA,燕麦大于苜蓿和菊苣。因此,空心莲子草浸提液对3种牧草均有化感抑制作用,ERA的化感效应大于ESA,燕麦种子发芽和幼苗生长受到的抑制程度大于苜蓿和菊苣。在牧草栽培中,选种较不敏感的菊苣和苜蓿有益于减轻危害和减少损失。     

伪狂犬病流行现状及我国应采取的防制措施

目的研究山柰提取物在体外抑制伪狂犬病病毒活性。方法通过响应面法优化山柰的超声提取工艺,并用荧光定量PCR法检测山柰提取物抗病毒的作用方式及其作用时间点。结果以黄酮含量作为响应值,优化得到最佳制备工艺：溶剂为80%乙醇,功率208 W,提取98 min;抗伪狂犬病毒活性研究表明：山柰提取物对伪狂犬病毒的半数抑制质量浓度(IC₅₀)为55.85 μg/mL,作用方式为抑制病毒的穿入和复制阶段,在病毒感染24 h内加入山柰提取物均表现出显著的抗病毒活性。结论山柰提取物具有显著的体外抗伪狂犬病毒活性。     

转基因小麦抗旱性鉴定及相关指标灰色关联度分析

以9份转ABP9基因春小麦株系UC4-1~UC4-9及其受体亲本宁春4号为材料,在雨养和灌溉条件下,对这些材料的主要农艺性状和部分生化指标进行了测定,采用隶属函数值法和抗旱性度量(D)值法对其抗旱性进行了综合评价,并利用灰色关联度法对相关抗旱性状与抗旱指数之间的关联度进行了分析评价。结果表明:6份转基因小麦的抗旱性较受体亲本宁春4号增强,3份材料的抗旱性较非转基因春小麦品种定西35增强;各农艺性状和生化指标与抗旱指数的关联度从高到低依次分别为株高、单穗粒重、穗长、SOD活性、穗粒数、结实小穗数、有效分蘖数、POD活性、千粒重、脯氨酸含量、MDA含量。     

苹果锈果类病毒山东栖霞分离物的分子鉴定及序列分析

本研究以采自山东省栖霞市的两个苹果样品为试验材料,利用二维电泳、斑点杂交、RT PCR等分子生物学技术对样品中的苹果锈果类病毒(ASSVd)带毒情况进行了检测。结果表明：两个样品均携带ASSVd。对两个样品中的ASSVd进行克隆测序,并利用生物学软件DNAMAN对所得序列进行分析,结果表明：与世界上首次报道的ASSVd序列(X17696)相比,本研究所得到的ASSVd序列变异较小,相对比较保守。     

Mechanisms conferring resistance of Western flower thrips to bendiocarb

Mechanisms associated with bendiocarb resistance were examined in two strains of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), that differed in their susceptibility to this carbamate by 13.6-fold. No appreciable differences between the two strains in [¹⁴C] bendiocarb penetration and excretion were detected; however, bendiocarb was metabolised substantially faster by the resistant KCM thrips than by the more susceptible UMC thrips. No appreciable difference between the two strains was found in the sensitivity of acetylcholinesterase activity to inhibition by bendiocarb. It was concluded that bendiocarb resistance in KCM western flower thrips was due to enhanced metabolism that probably was mainly oxidative in nature.     

柚(Citrus grandis Osbeck)单染色体LA-PCR-AFLP技术体系中外源污染的防控

对柚单染色体LA-PCR-AFLP技术体系中外源DNA污染问题中不同试验用水、加接头连接前后步骤对水污染的敏感度以及LA-PCR形成的非特异性亮带现象进行对比研究。结果表明:8种试验用水中BT水(Bioteke,RNase-free and DNase-free Water)的防控效果最佳;水的质量对LA-PCR过程中接头连接之前的步骤影响最大,对加接头之后的步骤也有一定的影响;非特异性亮带为引物自连形成的多聚体,与外源污染无关。本试验通过对外源污染的来源和关键步骤实施严格防控,经过dot blot验证,使外源污染能够得到有效控制。这为建立高质量的柚单染色体文库奠定了基础。     

大豆上烟环斑病毒的塑珠酶联免疫吸附测定

 酶联免疫吸附测定法,灵敏度高,使用抗血清仅微量,是近年来用于诊断、鉴定植物病毒的先进方法之一。这一技术需要纯度高的抗血清,采用蛋白质A-琼脂糖CL-4B柱层析纯化后的抗烟草环斑病毒抗血清(抗TRSV-IgG),纯度高、灵敏,很适用于塑珠酶联免疫吸附测定法(Bead-ELISA)的抗体和酶标抗体的材料。     

日粮不同纤维水平和精粗比对绒山羊瘤胃内中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维消失率的影响

选用18只、2.5岁、体重25kg左右的安装永久性瘤胃瘘管的内蒙古白绒山羊羯羊,用尼龙袋法测定了3个精粗比(30∶70、20∶80、10∶90)6个中性洗涤纤维(NDF)水平(49%、52%、59%、55%、62%和65%)日粮中的中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)2、4、6、8、12、24、48和72h的消失率。结果表明:NDF水平为52%时,绒山羊日粮中的NDF和ADF消失率较高。精粗比例为30∶70、20∶80和10∶90时,绒山羊日粮中的中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维消失率受影响不同,精粗比20∶80日粮组2～72hNDF和ADF消失率较高,其中2h和72h时NDF和ADF消失率明显高于30∶70和10∶90日粮组。由此可以得出,绒山羊配合饲料中纤维素水平为52%,精粗比例为20∶80较适宜。     

辣椒新品种‘秦椒1号’

‘秦椒1号’辣椒是以自交系‘R9816-2-1-3’为母本,‘Z97-2-7-42’为父本杂交育成的一代杂种。果实长灯笼形,表面微皱,果长17.1 cm,果肩宽4.7 cm,果肉厚3.1 mm,单果质量73.5 g,商品性好,品质佳,平均产量45 062.6 kg·hm^-2。高抗病毒病、青枯病和疫病。