中国高粱光温类型的初步研究

1、在短光照或温室条件件下高粱品种出苗～抽穗期日数显著缩短,供试品种平均比对照分别缩短12.5天和13.635天,缩短百分率分别为18.8和20.5;伴随苗穗期日数的缩短,叶片数在短光或温室条件下分别减少3.9和4.275片,减少百分数分别为22.24和24.22;株高分别降低60.15和47.65厘米,降低百分数为25.88和20.5,表明光、温直接影响高粱的生育进程和器官建成的数量与结构。 2、高粱品种生育日数变化主要反映在出苗～抽穗期。出苗～抽穗日数在短光或温室条件下分别减少18.8％和20.5％.而抽穗～成熟日数仅减少5.1％和8.3％,表明高粱出苗～抽穗期是光温反应的最大效应期。 3、不同品种在短光或温室条件下性状变化的趋势一致,但程度明显不同;同一品种同一性状在上述条件下变化程度也不同。根据供试品种对光温敏感的程度划为四大类群,其数量与地理分布如下: Ⅰ、光温敏感型,占试验品种总数的20％.分布在长江以北,辽宁以南地区。Ⅱ、温敏感型,包括温敏感光中度敏感型和温敏感光迟钝型,占25%,分布在黄河以北,北纬45℃以南的山西、内蒙、辽宁、河北北部和吉林南部。Ⅲ、光敏感型、包括光敏感沮中度敏感型和光敏感温迟钝型,占12.5％,分布在黄河(北纬35°)以南,南岭(北纬25°)以北地区。Ⅳ、中度敏感型占42.5％,分布广且没有明显的地带性。试验未发现对光、温都迟钝的类型。北方温敏感型品种较多,短日性较弱,南方光敏感型品种较多,短日性强、感温性中等或较弱。不同光温类型的形成、分布与其所处的生态环境即光温条件和栽培制度密切相关。 4、温敏感型和光敏感型中早熟品种较多,占86％,光温敏感型品种既有早熟的,中熟的、也有晚熟的,所以光温敏感的品种不一定全是早熟品种,而晚熟品种也并非对光温反应不敏感。中度敏感型品种也有早熟、中熟和晚熟之分。在不同光温条件和栽培制度下,不同光温类型熟性变化的主导因素不同。 5、光、温在形成高粱不同类型过程中的效应是相互联系而又有区别的,光、温效应对不同环境下的不同类型有主次之分,大小之别;光、温效应在高粱不同发育阶段既是同步性的,又是顺序性的。     

泡沫比例混合器在液下喷射灭火系统中的应用

提出了环泵泡沫比例混合器和泡沫压力比例混合器在相应灭火系统中的应用、安装和操作中应注意的问题，对两种泡沫比例混合器组成的系统进行了对比，认为环泵比例混合泡沫灭火系统采用正压进水，可以克服负压进水方式存在的缺陷，比较适合油库火灾的扑救；压力比例混合泡沫灭火系统灵活性、匹配性较差，适用于泡沫混合液流量相对不变的火灾扑救。     

The immunohistochemical detection of Mycoplasma bovis and bovine viral diarrhea virus in tissues of feedlot cattle with chronic, unresponsive respiratory disease and/or arthritis.

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of selected pathogens in the tissues of a group of feedlot cattle with chronic disease (most often respiratory disease and/or arthritis). Samples of lung and joint tissues from 49 feedlot animals that had failed to respond to antibiotic therapy were tested by immunohistochemical staining for the antigens of Mycoplasma bovis, Haemophilus somnus, Pasteurella (Mannheimia) hemolytica, and bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV). Mycoplasma bovis was demonstrated in over 80% of cases, including in 45% of joints and 71% of lungs tested. Mycoplasma bovis was the only bacterial pathogen identified in the joints. Haemophilus somnus and Pasteurella (Mannheimia) haemolytica were found in 14% and 23% of cases, respectively, and were confined to the lungs in all instances. Infection with BVDV was demonstrated in over 40% of cases. Mycoplasma bovis and BVDV were the most common pathogens persisting in the tissues of these animals that had failed to respond to antibiotic therapy.     

关于我国海水网箱养鱼发展现状与危机分析及可持续发展的探讨

我国海水网箱养鱼发展现状是以个体联合体生产经营为主体的低技术水平的数量规模化，众多传统港湾已形成了大范围的严重超负荷养殖状态，其对环境巨大的污染力引发鱼病猖獗和频受赤潮侵袭，已面临严峻的养殖环境危机。本文综合分析了我国海水网箱养鱼的发展现状与负面效应及其现状危机，并初步进行了危机根源和可持续发展的讨论分析。     

Enhancement of sulfide auto-oxidation by metal ion in artificial seawater and a seawater which is a possible source of aoshio

SUMMARY: Aoshio is hypoxic milky blue-green seawater observed in some eutrophic bays. Previous studies have shown that colloidal sulfur causes the coloration and that the source of aoshio water is attributed to coastal anoxic bottom water. Occurrences of aoshio have been reported in limited areas of coastal seawater, although hypoxic transparent water seems rather universal. Promotion in auto-oxidation of sulfide by metal ions in seawater was investigated to explain the occurrences of aoshio. Artificial seawater containing 10 μM metal ion was assayed for the sulfide oxidation rate. The velocity constant which represents the oxidation rate within the initial 30 min and the amount of reacted sulfide in 2 h were determined by oxygen monitoring and sulfide quantification, respectively. Fe²⁺ and Cu²⁺ enhanced the initial 30 min reaction. Fe²⁺, Fe³⁺ and Ni²⁺ increased the amount of reacted sulfide in 2 h, forming whitish turbid water. Seawater from a suspected source of aoshio water was also assayed for the auto-oxidation rate of sulfide. The oxidation rate in water from 12 m depth was 13–19 times higher than the artificial seawater without an addition of heavy metal ions. More than 15% of the oxidation rate in 12 m deep seawater was explained by dissolved iron in the seawater.     

采种大白菜地膜复盖的研究

为了提高大白菜(B. campestris ssp pekinensis.)种子的产量和质量,我们进行了两年地膜覆盖研究。结果表明:无论直播小株、育苗小株、老株那种采种方式,凡使用地膜覆盖的均比不覆盖的产量增加30％左右,质量也明显的提高;聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯都是良好的地而覆盖材料,在大白菜种子生产中可以取得相近似的效果。     

槟榔红色素的抗氧化活性

测定槟榔红色素(areca red pigment,AP)对 DPPH·和·OH的清除能力、对脂质体过氧化的抑制能力、对Fe2+的络合能力,并测定其还原能力.结果表明:槟榔色素对DPPH·、·OH的清除能力较强:对脂质体过氧化的抑制能力很强,抑制率高达79.84%;与VE、没食子酸(gallic acid,GA)、BHT相比,槟榔色素的还原力、对Fe2+的络合能力较弱.说明槟榔红色素是较好的抗氧化剂.     

开拓创新锐意进取办好省级农业科技期刊——《广西农业科学》办刊实践

为了适应农业科研和生产发展的需要，《广西农业科学》编辑部在近年的办刊实践中积极探索，开拓创新，通过调整刊物定位向学术性期刊转变，增加版面和改进编辑流程缩短文章出版时滞，拓宽报道范围扩大影响力，加强与同行的交流学习，提升办刊理念，实行文稿校核质量控制体系，保证刊物质量，强化编辑队伍建设提高编辑人员业务素质，加强期刊经营增强期刊社经济实力等措施，使期刊的内外质量不断提高，社会效益和经济效益显著增强，期刊进入良性发展阶段。