全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5642篇 |
免费 | 371篇 |
国内免费 | 494篇 |
专业分类
林业 | 470篇 |
农学 | 647篇 |
基础科学 | 313篇 |
1056篇 | |
综合类 | 1592篇 |
农作物 | 418篇 |
水产渔业 | 313篇 |
畜牧兽医 | 1170篇 |
园艺 | 190篇 |
植物保护 | 338篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 18篇 |
2023年 | 91篇 |
2022年 | 212篇 |
2021年 | 248篇 |
2020年 | 226篇 |
2019年 | 225篇 |
2018年 | 161篇 |
2017年 | 249篇 |
2016年 | 183篇 |
2015年 | 240篇 |
2014年 | 223篇 |
2013年 | 320篇 |
2012年 | 352篇 |
2011年 | 391篇 |
2010年 | 285篇 |
2009年 | 234篇 |
2008年 | 264篇 |
2007年 | 248篇 |
2006年 | 251篇 |
2005年 | 228篇 |
2004年 | 159篇 |
2003年 | 208篇 |
2002年 | 244篇 |
2001年 | 187篇 |
2000年 | 182篇 |
1999年 | 104篇 |
1998年 | 90篇 |
1997年 | 70篇 |
1996年 | 62篇 |
1995年 | 54篇 |
1994年 | 39篇 |
1993年 | 49篇 |
1992年 | 38篇 |
1991年 | 32篇 |
1990年 | 38篇 |
1989年 | 34篇 |
1988年 | 21篇 |
1987年 | 25篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 21篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1971年 | 9篇 |
1970年 | 8篇 |
1965年 | 9篇 |
1964年 | 14篇 |
1963年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有6507条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
111.
Inja Yeon Mi Young SongMyoung Ho Sohn Hak Jin HwangYang Jae Im Do Hoon KimHee Won Park Chang Ik Zhang 《Fisheries Research》2011,112(3):179-188
Landings in the blue crab, Portunus trituberculatus, fishery in Korean waters of the Yellow Sea have declined substantially from 11,000 t in the 1980s to 2,300 t in 2004. Blue crab habitat quality in the Yellow Sea has been degraded by anthropogenic activities including sand mining, land reclamation, and coastal pollution. Various traditional management measures have been implemented, including closed seasons during spawning and size limits, but these measures alone have been unsuccessful to conserve blue crab stocks. Consequently, a total allowable catch and a stock-rebuilding program using an ecosystem-based management approach were implemented in 2003 and 2006, respectively to rebuild blue crab stocks and restore habitats. This program involved assessment of both blue crab stock status and trammel-net fishery impacts at an ecosystem-level using an ecosystem-based fisheries assessment method (
[Zhang et al., 2009] and [Zhang et al., 2010]), which considered fishery data from catch and effort time-series, crab population biology, and ecosystem characteristics, including habitats and environmental conditions. Recent (2008) management status indices have shown significant positive change compared to conditions in 2000 with respect to sustainability of the stock and fishery and with regards to biodiversity and ecosystem habitat quality. 相似文献
112.
113.
Zhenlin Hao Hongyue Liu Yangyang Yu Zhuo Li Ying Tian Luo Wang Junxia Mao Xubo Wang Xiaoyu Dong Yaqing Chang 《Aquaculture Research》2021,52(1):1-11
The copulation, egg laying, embryonic development and changes in amino acids and fatty acids in Neptunea arthritica cumingii during embryogenesis were studied to understand the embryo development process and nutritional requirements in the early life phase. The results showed that N. arthritica cumingii has direct development within the egg capsule and the development of embryos was classified into five stages: cleavage, egg swallowing, protoconch forming, shell development and juvenile. Embryos develop through the provision of nurse eggs as an extra‐embryonic source of nutrition. As development continued, the body of the embryo began to coil. After about 70–80 days, young N.arthritica cumingii started to emerge through a hole underneath the capsule. Biochemical results showed that the total amount of amino acids showed a decreasing trend as embryonic development progressed. The content of all nine essential amino acids decreased significantly from the egg‐swallowing stage to the post‐larva stage (p < .05). Concentrations of five of the seven nonessential amino acids also showed a decreasing trend from the egg‐swallowing stage to the post‐larva stage; the exceptions were Ala and Gly. Gly is the only amino acid that consistently increased in concentration during the development process. Most fatty acids increased after the eggs hatched, except for C20:1, C20:2, C22:5 and C22:6 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA). The data in this study may provide a starting point for the formulation of well‐balanced early‐stage larval diets, although N.arthritica cumingii is still in the exploration stage. 相似文献
114.
Deng-Hang Yu Jia-Zhi Chang Gui-Fang Dong Jun Liu 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2017,43(5):1413-1420
This study was designed to evaluate the effect of the replacement of fish oil (FO) by soybean oil (SO) on growth performance, liver lipid peroxidation, and biochemical composition in juvenile Chinese sucker, Myxocyprinus asiaticus. Fish (13.7 ± 0.2 g) in triplicate were fed five experimental diets in which 0% (FO as control), 40% (SO40), 60% (SO60), 80% (SO40), and 100% (SO100) FO were replaced by SO. The body weight gain of fish fed SO40, SO60, or SO80 diet was similar to FO group, but diets that have 100% soybean oil as dietary lipid significantly reduced fish growth (P < 0.05). Although the level of SO resulted in increasing crude lipid content of the liver, the level of SO did not significantly alter the hepatosomatic index (HSI). Indicators of peroxidation, such as vitamin E (VE) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) contents, were changed as increasing dietary SO. It was shown that the inclusion of SO in the diets increased VE concentrations, but reduced TBARS in the liver and total cholesterol (T-CHO) in the plasma. Linoleic acid (LA) and linolenic acid (LNA) significantly increased in fish liver fed diets that contained SO, but eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and the ratio n-3/n-6 were significantly reduced by the inclusion of dietary SO (P < 0.05). Our results indicated that the inclusion of SO increased the hepatic VE content and reduced lipid peroxidation in fish. However, diet containing 100% SO as dietary lipid could reduce growth performance. Thus, we recommended that 40–80% SO can be used as dietary lipid to replace FO for juvenile Chinese sucker. 相似文献
115.
Genomic structure and molecular characterization of growth hormone and its expression response to different feed types in golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus (Linnaeus, 1758) 下载免费PDF全文
116.
Xiao Hui Li Jun Jie Bai Xing Ye Yin Chang Hu Sheng Jie Li Ling Yun Yu 《Fisheries Science》2009,75(2):351-358
117.
Chin-Chyuan Chang Zhi-Rong Wu Cheng-Shou Chen Ching-Ming Kuo Winton Cheng 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2007,270(1-4):333-342
Levels of glucose, lactate, pO2, pCO2, HCO3−, TCO2, Na+, K+, Cl−, protein, and oxyhemocyanin in the hemolymph and its osmolality and pH were measured when tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon (13.5 ± 1.5 g body weight), were individually injected with saline or dopamine at 10− 8, 10− 7, or 10− 6 mol shrimp− 1. Results showed that hemolymph glucose, lactate, pCO2, HCO3−, and TCO2 values increased from 2 to 4 h; hemolymph osmolality, Na+, and total protein had increased at 2 h; and hemolymph K+ decreased from 2 to 8 h after the dopamine injection. All physiological parameters returned to the control values 4–16 h after receiving dopamine. The dopamine injection also significantly decreased the oxyhemocyanin/protein ratio of P. monodon which occurred at 2 h, resulting from an elevation of hemolymph protein and a slight decrease of oxyhemocyanin. These results suggest that stress-inducing dopamine caused a transient period of modulation of energy metabolism, osmoregulation, respiration, and the acid–base balance in P. monodon in adapting to this environmental stress. 相似文献
118.
条纹石鮨摄食强度与代谢及能量收支间的关系 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
设日摄食率为0.4%、1.5%、4.0%三种水平,分别测定条纹石鱼旨Moronesaxatilis幼鱼的代谢及能量的收支情况。处于饱食(日摄食率4.0%)及维持状态(日摄食率1.5%)下,该鱼代谢率增加的峰值分别于摄食后3h及7h内出现,为静止时代谢水平的2.10倍和2.46倍,SDA(特殊动力作用)持续时间均为21h,SDA总耗能量分别占摄入能的13%和35.8%。条纹石鱼旨在饱食时的转化效率K(湿重)为20.85%。三种摄食水平下条纹石鱼旨的能量收支方程分别为:饱食状态(日摄食率4.0%)时,100C=8.4F+7.8U+13.0SDA+36.9(Rs+Ra)+33.9G;维持状态(日摄食率1.5%)时,100C=7.8F+4.1U+35.8SDA+52.3(Rs+Ra),其中G=0;减重状态(日摄食率0.4%)时,(F+U+R)/(C+P1)=67.3%,其中C+P1=14.4C+85.6P1,F+U+R=1.8F+8.1U+57.4R。 相似文献
119.
A.O.L. Wong C.K. Murphy J.P. Chang C.M. Neumann A. Lo R.E. Peter 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1998,19(1):23-34
In this study, the direct actions of serotonin (5HT) on gonadotropin (GTH)-II and growth hormone (GH) release in the goldfish were tested at the pituitary cell level. 5HT (10 nM - 10 µM) stimulated GTH-II but inhibited GH release from perifused goldfish pituitary cells in a dose-dependent manner. The minimal effective dose of 5HT tested to suppress basal GH secretion (10 nM) was 10-fold lower than that to stimulate GTH-II release (100 nM). The GTH-II releasing effect of 5HT was abolished by repeated 5HT treatment (10 µM) whereas the corresponding inhibition on GH release was unaffected. These results suggest that 5HT receptors on goldfish gonadotrophs and somatotrophs exhibit intrinsic differences in terms of sensitivity to stimulation and resistance to desensitization. Salmon GTH-releasing hormone (sGnRH, 100 nM) stimulated GTH-II and GH release from goldfish pituitary cells. The GTH-II releasing action of sGnRH was unaffected by simultaneous treatment of 5HT (1 µM). However, the corresponding GH response to sGnRH (100 nM) was inhibited. In the goldfish, dopamine is known to stimulate GH release through activation of pituitary D1 receptors. In the present study, the GH-releasing action of dopamine (1 µM) and the D1 agonist SKF38393 (1 µM) was significantly reduced by 5HT (1 µM). To examine the receptor specificity of 5HT action, the effects of 5HT1 and 5HT2 analogs on GTH-II and GH release were tested in goldfish pituitary cells. The 5HT1 agonist 8OH DPAT (0.1 and 1µM) and 5HT2 agonist methyl 5HT (0.1 1µM) mimicked the GTH-II releasing effect of 5HT. The 5HT1 agonist 8OH DPAT (0.1 and 1µM) also stimulated GH release but the 5HT2 agonist methyl 5HT (0.1 and 1µM) was inhibitory to basal GH secretion. In addition, 5HT (1µM) -stimulated GTH-II release was abolished by the 5HT1 antagonist methiothepin (10µM) and 5HT2 antagonist mianserin (10µM). Similarly, the inhibitory action of 5HT (1µM) on basal GH release was blocked by the 5HT2 antagonist mianserin (10µM). The 5HT1 antagonist methiothepin (10µM) was not effective in this regard. These results, taken together, indicate that 5HT exerts its regulatory actions on GTH-II and GH release in the goldfish directly at the pituitary cell level, probably through interactions with other regulators including sGnRH and dopamine. The GTH-II releasing action of 5HT is mediated through 5HT2 and possibly 5HT1 receptors. The inhibition of 5HT on basal GH release is mediated through 5HT2 receptors only. Apparently, 5HT1 receptors are not involved in this inhibitory action. In this study, a paradoxical stimulatory component of 5HT on GH release by activating 5HT1 receptors is also implicated. 相似文献
120.
Effect of Dietary Antarctic Krill Meal on Growth Performance,Muscle Proximate Composition,and Antioxidative Capacity of Juvenile Spotted Halibut,Verasper variegatus 下载免费PDF全文
Qing Chang Zhenjie Wang Bin Lu Changlin Liu Jiangcheng Hu 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2018,49(4):761-769
A 7‐wk feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary Antarctic krill meal (AKM) on the growth performance, proximate composition of muscles, and antioxidative capacity of juvenile spotted halibut. Six diets were formulated to contain about 50% protein and 8% lipid. A control diet (R0) without AKM and the other five diets with 8.1, 16.2, 24.3, 32.4, and 42.5% AKM supplementation (R10–50) to replace 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% fishmeal protein were used to feed to juvenile spotted halibut. The juveniles were fed with each diet using three replicates and cultivated in the indoor culture system. Results showed that the specific growth rate, feed intake, and protein efficiency ratio in the R30 and R40 groups were significantly higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05). Survival rate in the R50 group was significantly lower compared with the R0 group and the other four AKM supplementation groups. Moreover, the rising AKM levels in diets had significant effects on the chemical composition of juvenile spotted halibut, showing significantly decreased contents of crude protein, but increased lipid and ash contents (P < 0.05). The total superoxide dismutase activity and catalase activity of serum and liver in AKM groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). In contrast, the contents of malondialdehyde in serum and liver were significantly lower compared with the control group. These findings illustrate that a moderate AKM level in diets can significantly improve the growth performance, feed utilization, and antioxidative capacity in juvenile spotted halibut, which support the finding that AKM may be used as a good protein source for halibut in the aquafeed industry. 相似文献