Prevention of organ allograft rejection by a specific Janus kinase 3 inhibitor

Because of its requirement for signaling by multiple cytokines, Janus kinase 3 (JAK3) is an excellent target for clinical immunosuppression. We report the development of a specific, orally active inhibitor of JAK3, CP-690,550, that significantly prolonged survival in a murine model of heart transplantation and in cynomolgus monkeys receiving kidney transplants. CP-690,550 treatment was not associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or lymphoproliferative disease. On the basis of these preclinical results, we believe JAK3 blockade by CP-690,550 has potential for therapeutically desirable immunosuppression in human organ transplantation and in other clinical settings.     

植物忍耐低磷胁迫机理的研究进展

利用和挖掘作物自身磷高营养效率的能力,以改良作物磷营养性状,已成为植物磷素营养研究的重点和热点。论述了低磷胁迫下植物根系形态、根系分泌物以及磷的跨膜运输和体内转运等方面的适应性变化,总结了目前与磷高效营养性状有关的基因定位和克隆的研究进展,进而揭示出植物低磷胁迫忍耐机理。     

ENSO事件和太阳黑子活动与我国长江中下游稻区褐飞虱大发生关系的研究

根据1954-2010年海洋尼诺指数、1937-2009年太阳黑子相埘数和1957-2009年我国长江中下游稻区褐飞虱大发生年份的资料,应用相位分析、相关分析和关键时方法分析ENSO事件和太阳黑子活动与我国长江中F游稻区褐飞虱大发生之间的关系.结果表明:我国长江中下游稻区褐飞虱在太阳黑子谷值年的前1年和厄尔尼诺发生年的...     

玉米种子培养皿法发芽试验误差分析

培养皿法是玉米种子发芽试验常采用快捷方便的方法,但此方法的发芽率比较低、变异系数较大,不能反映种子本来固有的发芽水平。对此,笔者进行了培养皿法发芽试验的研究,结果表明,在培养皿内种胚向下是造成发芽率低和变异系数大的原因,若将种胚全部向上置放,就能减少发芽率的误差,体现出玉米种子的正常发芽水平。     

海藻糖在渗透胁迫下对油菜种子萌发和幼苗生理的影响

研究了在25% PEG-6000渗透胁迫下海藻糖（TH）对油菜种子萌发和幼苗生理的影响。结果表明：25 mmol/L TH能明显促进渗透胁迫下油菜种子的萌发和幼苗生长,种子发芽率提高19.52%、发芽指数提高33.12%、活力指数提高1.76倍;幼苗MDA含量下降37.77%,Pro含量提高6.96%;POD活性提高33.11%,SOD活性提高1.4倍,CAT活性提高51.08%。     

Identification of quantitative trait loci for agronomic and physiological traits in maize (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Zea mays</Emphasis> L.) under high-nitrogen and low-nitrogen conditions

Low-nitrogen (LN) tolerance is a compound character with a complex genetic basis. Many agronomic traits have been shown to be closely related to LN tolerance in maize. In this study, 150 F₇ recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross between inbreds 178 and K12 were evaluated for agronomical and physiological traits under high-nitrogen (HN) and LN conditions in 2 years. Inclusive composite interval mapping (ICIM) was used to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for traits recorded under different treatments (LN and HN) in 2 years. In total, 86 QTLs were detected: 38 for HN and 35 for LN, while 13 QTLs were detected under both nitrogen levels, suggesting that LN-specific QTLs may play a role in improving LN tolerance in maize. Overlapping QTLs for different traits were located on all chromosomes except chromosome 4 and chromosome 9. Many of these regions overlapped with previously reported QTLs. Several consensus major QTLs and LN-specific major QTLs found in the study can be used in marker-assisted selection breeding for genetic improvement and LN tolerance in maize in the future.     

小麦生产概况及其发展

小麦是世界第一大口粮作物,是人类生活所依赖的重要食物来源,全球约35%~40%的人口以小麦为主要粮食。2016年世界小麦种植面积约22 010.76万hm ²,约占全球谷物种植面积的30.7%,远超过玉米、水稻、大豆,居世界谷物种植面积之首。本文论述了世界小麦生产概况,包括小麦的种类、分布及主要生产国的基本情况,重点论述了中国小麦的生产和发展情况。随着社会的发展和科学技术的进步,中国的小麦生产能力逐步发展,主要体现在3个方面：一是种植面积起伏变化大,二是单产稳步提升,三是总产持续增长。无论是冬小麦还是春小麦,高产高效栽培技术和优良品种对产量的提升都起到了重要作用,我国小麦生产水平有了很大提高。     

穗肥施用时期对水稻籽粒中胚乳蛋白积累的影响

以武香粳9号为材料研究了不同穗肥施氮时期对水稻籽粒蛋白质积累的影响.结果表明:穗肥的施用提高了籽粒发育过程中单位干重蛋白质含量,以在倒0.5叶施用氮素穗肥影响最大;随施肥时期的延迟,稻米粗蛋白和谷蛋白含量逐步上升,醇溶蛋白含量逐渐降低;倒2.5叶施氮减少了强、弱势粒中蛋白组分的分布和含量,倒0.5叶施氮与此相反;胚乳     

温室环境参数智能控制系统的设计

依据温室控制要求,介绍了模糊控制技术在温室控制系统中的应用,给出了模糊控制器的实现过程。实践表明,该控制器具有良好的控制效果。     

中草药添加剂对生长肥育猪横纹肌肌纤维特性及肉质的影响

 选用20 kg左右的“杜长大”三元杂交猪80头,随机分成对照组、试验组,测定添加中草药添加剂对横纹肌肌纤维特性和肉质品质的影响。结果表明,试验组的大理石纹评分比对照组提高了23.33%（P＜0.01）、肌间脂肪的含量增加了52.77%（P＜0.01）、嫩度改善了13.53%（P＜0.05）;而失水率、贮存损失分别降低了5.03%（P＜0.05）和20.35%（P＜0.05）.试验猪的肌纤维直径比对照组降低了7.98%(P＜0.05)、而密度增加了4.70%(P＜0.05).结果提示,添加中草药添加剂对肉质的改善的作用与横纹肌肌纤维直径的减少、肌间脂肪含量的增加有关。