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Claudia Böhm Manuela Schnyder Stig Milan Thamsborg Caryn M. Thompson Candace Trout Sonja Wolken Beate Schnitzler 《Veterinary parasitology》2014,199(3-4):272-277
Angiostrongylus vasorum is an increasingly reported parasite in Europe that develops in dogs after ingestion of infective third stage larvae (L3) that reside in gastropod molluscs which are needed to complete the parasite's life-cycle. Infection can produce a diversity of clinical signs, determined by involvement of the respiratory, neurological, and/or coagulation system, with a likely fatal outcome in the absence of treatment. Few drugs have been shown to reliably prevent infection, and data on treatment of infections is limited. A controlled, randomized, partially blinded laboratory study was therefore executed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination tablet of spinosad/milbemycin oxime in dogs inoculated with approximately 250 A. vasorum L3. Sixteen healthy nematode free adult dogs were randomly allocated to two study groups of 8 dogs each. Thirty days post inoculation (dpi) all dogs in the fed state were treated: dogs in group B were treated with spinosad and milbemycin oxime at the dose rates of 45–60 mg/kg and 0.75–1.0 mg/kg bodyweight, respectively, approximately the lower half portion of the expected full unit dose range; dogs in group A were treated with placebo tablets. All dogs were euthanized and necropsied 56–58 dpi. The heart and lungs were examined to determine the presence of A. vasorum. All placebo group dogs were infected at necropsy with counts ranging from 22 to 98 adult worms and a geometric mean worm count of 55.2. In contrast, the geometric mean worm count in the spinosad/milbemycin oxime group was 0.7 with worm numbers ranging from 0 to 8. The results of this study demonstrate that a single treatment with the tablet combination of spinosad and milbemycin oxime administered 30 dpi provided 98.8% preventive efficacy against development of adult A. vasorum infections. Monthly treatments with spinosad and milbemycin oxime have the potential to prevent the establishment of infections with A. vasorum in dogs. 相似文献
74.
A variety of methods have been used to identify Mycobacterium spp. isolated from snakehead and Siamese fighting fish, including biochemistry, mycolic acid profiles and antibody-based methods. However, these methods are unable to differentiate between different species of Mycobacterium . Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by reverse cross blot hybridization (RCBH) was adapted in this study to speciate aquatic mycobacteria. The method was highly specific for Mycobacterium spp. and identified the bacteria to species level with a detection limit of 100 fg DNA, equivalent to 20 mycobacteria. Twenty-nine isolates previously collected and cultured from Siamese fighting fish (10 isolates) and snakehead (19 isolates) during outbreaks of mycobacteriosis were analysed using PCR–RCBH. Six of the Siamese fighting fish isolates and nine of the snakehead isolates were identified as Mycobacterium fortuitum , while the remainder were classified as M. marinum . Notably, two isolates recovered from snakehead and Siamese fighting fish, previously identified as M. poriferae and M. piscicida , respectively, were confirmed to be M. fortuitum . 相似文献
75.
Meg D. Sislak Kathy A. Spaulding Debra L. Zoran John E. Bauer James A. Thompson 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2014,55(2):195-201
Echoes are frequently seen in the urinary bladder of cats during abdominal ultrasound. These have been attributed to hematuria, pyuria, crystalluria, and lipid. However, sonographic findings have not been previously correlated with urinalysis. We prospectively evaluated 40 clinically normal cats via ultrasound, serum chemistry, and urinalysis. Thin layer chromatography was performed on the urine to determine the amount (mg) of lipid subfractions including diacylglycerol, triglyceride, phospholipid, free fatty acid, cholesterol, and cholesterol ester. Ninety percent (36/40) of the cats in our population had sonographic echoes suspended in the urinary bladder, with most having a subjective score of mild echoes (n = 20). None of the sonographic echoes were gravity dependent or caused distal acoustic shadowing, reverberation, or twinkle artifact. Of the cats with sonographic echoes in the urine, 66% (24/36) had no significant findings on urinalysis other than the presence of lipid. The total amount of subjective sonographic echoes was not significantly related to the total amount of fat measured on thin layer chromatography or the number of lipid droplets seen on urinalysis. An increased amount of urine diacylglycerol was significantly associated with clumping of echoes (P = 0.02) and the amount of lipid droplets seen on urinalysis (P = 0.04). An association between increased amounts of urine diacylglycerol and the amount of echoes seen on ultrasound approached significance (P = 0.05). Findings from this study support previously published theories that sonographic echoes within the urinary bladder of clinically normal cats may be due to urine lipid. 相似文献
76.
The antigenicity of extracellular products (ECPs) derived from Mycobacterium spp. isolated from snakehead, Channa striata (Bloch), and Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens (Regan), were examined by immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using sera collected from immunized rabbits, mice and fish (rainbow trout). All three species responded to a 65-kDa protein present in both the ECPs and whole cell sonicates (WCSs) from a variety of Mycobacterium spp. Cross-reactivity of anti- M. tuberculosis and anti-human heat-shock protein monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), and the presence of fibronectin binding proteins secreted into ECPs of mycobacteria were also examined. The MAbs against human 60-kDa heat-shock protein cross- reacted with the band at 65 kDa in the ECPs of TB1 (isolated from snakehead fish) and the type strain M. marinum, while the anti- M. tuberculosis MAb F29–47 elicited a strong reaction with a band at 21 kDa with most of the ECPs from mycobacterial strains examined. The major fibronectin-binding proteins were located between 21 and 25 kDa. The 65-kDa protein from ECPs of Mycobacterium spp. proved strongly immunogenic to rabbits, mice and fish. Rabbit antiserum against the 65-kDa protein from strain TB267 reacted with many non- Mycobacterium WCSs, and therefore, the 65-kDa protein from Mycobacterium spp. is believed to be a common protein found in many fish bacterial pathogens. 相似文献
77.
Thromboembolic meningoencephalitis (TEME) caused by Huemophilus somnus infection was diagnosed for the first time in New Zealand in an eight month old bull calf. Clinical signs included pyrexia, excessive salivation, recumbency, opisthotonus and rigidity of the front legs. Multiple red, malacic foci (1-10 mm in diameter) were visible grossly on the surface of the cerebrum and cerebellum, and were scattered throughout the brain parenchyma. Histologically these lesions consisted of focal haemorrhage, necrosis and neutrophilic infiltration. Fibrin thrombi and colonies of gram negative bacteria were present in many small blood vessels within necrotic foci. An organism with the morphological and biochemical characteristics of Haemophilus somnus was cultured from the brain. Although TEME is an important disease of feedlot cattle in North America and Europe it is relatively uncommon in cattle grazing pasture and is therefore unlikely to become a major problem in New Zealand. 相似文献
78.
Abstract CASE HISTORY: A 15-mm diameter mass developed in the S/C tissue overlying the right lateral gluteal muscle of a 6½-year-old female Flat-coated Retriever. PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: Cytological preparations following aspiration of the mass were highly cellular and consisted of a population of large polygonal cells containing single to multiple nuclei, large prominent nucleoli, and intracytoplasmic vacuoles. Histologically, the neoplasm consisted of similar large cells surrounded by thick fibrous connective tissue trabeculae. The large polygonal cells reacted positively with antibodies against vimentin, low- and high-molecular-weight variants of cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), but not with antibodies to desmin or glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). DIAGNOSIS: The clinical, gross, histological and immunohistochemical findings are similar to those reported for parachordomas in humans. Neither recurrence nor metastases were noted 18 months after surgical excision of the mass. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This is the first reported case of a possible parachordoma in a dog, a benign tumour with cytological features of malignancy. 相似文献
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80.
A. L. Thompson R. G. Novy B. L. Farnsworth G. A. Secor N. C. Gudmestad J. R. Sowokinos E. T. Holm J. H. Lorenzen D. Preston 《American Journal of Potato Research》2005,82(6):481-488
Dakota Pearl (ND2676-10) is a medium-maturing chipping cultivar with uniform, round, bright white-skinned tubers with shallow eyes. Dakota Pearl has the ability to produce commercially acceptable chips following long-term storage at 5.5 C without the need for reconditioning. It yields well under both dryland and irrigated trial conditions in North Dakota. North Central Regional Potato Variety Trial and Snack Food Association Trial results indicate it has wide adaptability. Yield and specific gravity under dryland conditions are similar to Norchip; Dakota Pearl has a low percentage of external defects. Average set is 12 to 14 tubers per hill. Dakota Pearl demonstrates wide consumer appeal as a tablestock cultivar due to attractive tuber appearance and bright-white skin. Sensory evaluation scores for baking, boiling, and microwaving are comparable to those of standard chip cvs Atlantic, NorValley, and Snowden. The specific gravity of Dakota Pearl is similar to cvs Norchip and NorValley, lower than for Atlantic or Snowden. Total glycoalkaloid levels are low, at 1.5 mg/100 g fresh tuber tissue. The North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station released Dakota Pearl on 23 April 1999. 相似文献