耕作方式与长期定位施肥对雨养农田冬小麦产量的调控效应

为了明确西北黄土高原半湿润偏旱区耕作方式与长期定位施肥对冬小麦产量的调控效应,以设在半湿润偏旱区连续12年的耕作与肥料长期定位试验为平台,采用裂区设计,以传统耕作和免耕耕作为主处理,不施肥(CK)、单施无机氮肥(N)、单施无机磷肥(P)、单施有机肥(M)、无机氮磷肥配施(NP)、有机无机肥配施(NMP)为副处理,栽培制度为1年春玉米-3年冬小麦轮作,研究耕作及施肥措施对冬小麦产量的影响及其在生产年型间的变化关系。结果表明,不同年型及耕作方式均以有机无机配施冬小麦产量最高,有机肥单施高于化肥单施,磷肥单施高于氮肥单施。耕作方式间表现为传统耕作高于免耕耕作,年型间表现为丰水年>平水年>干旱年,耕作和施肥方式的增产效果以干旱年最好,平水年和丰水年差异不显著。有机无机配施与传统耕作结合优化了冬小麦冠层温度、叶绿素相对含量等生理指标,提高了光合速率、气孔导度及蒸腾速率,因而改善了有效穗、穗粒数和千粒重等产量性状而使冬小麦增产。在550 mm左右降水量的陇东旱塬雨养农业区,无论何种耕作方式及生产年型,长期采用有机无机或无机氮磷肥配施均表现出持续提高冬小麦产量的良好作用。因此,有机无机配施结合传统耕作是提高陇东半湿润偏旱区冬小麦产量的最佳耕作栽培模式。     

Research Progress on Bacterial Resistance in Environment

Antibiotic resistance genes have become a recognized environmental pollutant, threatening the ecological safety and human health. The application of antibiotics in the clinical and animals breeding, making the environmental microorganisms living with the impact of the residue of antibiotics and elements of resistance genetic and leading to antibiotic resistant bacteria to gain a competitive advantage and destroyed the stability of ecosystem. In this paper, we expounded the concept of resistance gene transmission by the view of macro environment. Through analyzing the mechanism of resistance development,environmental pollution caused by drug resistance and the impact of environmental microorganism for drug resistance, we clarified the key role of the environment in the development of the characteristics of bacterial resistance and analysis environmental resistance.Such as the ecological diversity of flora, the types and the spread of resistant bacteria, the residues of antibiotics and the transmission of the resistance genes.     

Effect of Human Menopausal Gonadotropin,17β-estradiol and Epidermal Growth Factor on the Quality of in vitro Maturation Bovine Oocytes

For optimizing in vitro maturation system of bovine oocytes,we firstly examined the influence of four different hormonal regimes(FSH+LH,HMG,FSH+LH+E₂ and HMG+E₂) on oocyte maturation rates.Then we studied the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the above defined medium on bovine oocyte maturation,in vitro development and quality of parthenogenetic embryos.The cell apoptotic index of parthenogenetic blastocysts was detected by TUNEL.No significant difference was observed in maturation rates in four groups supplemented with different hormones.However,human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) provided steady maturation results in replicates.Maturation of oocytes was promoted by supplementation with 17β-estradiol (E₂).Combination of HMG and E₂ gave rise to steady and efficient mature results.The presence of EGF at 30 ng/mL concentration significantly increased maturation rate and blastocyst rate and reduced apoptotic cells in parthenogenetic blastocysts.Therefore,the optimal oocyte maturation solution could be supplemented with 0.075 IU/mL HMG,1 μg/mL E₂ and 30 ng/mL EGF.     

茉莉花茶加工技术与吸香机理研究现状

为了进一步综合地认识茉莉花茶窨制的工艺本质、完善茉莉花茶窨制技术,本文综述和分析了茉莉花茶加工技术及吸香机理的研究现状,并对后续研究进行了展望。     

趋势移动平均法在耕地面积预测中的应用研究—基于1985-2010年甘肃省耕地面积分析

以甘肃省1985-2006年的耕地面积数据为基础,应用趋势移动平均法对2007-2010年的耕地面积进行预测。将预测结果与2007-2010年的实际耕地面积进行比较,结果显示趋势移动平均法预测出的耕地面积与实际面积接近。研究证明:采用趋势移动平均法建立的预测模型合理,趋势移动平均法应用于耕地面积变化趋势预测可行。     

毛竹幼林四季管理技术

毛竹在不同季节的管理技术措施不同,该文介绍不同季节毛竹幼林的管理技术。     

小麦白粉病防治药剂筛选试验研究

于2014年在阜宁县实施了六大类型15种不同药剂防治小麦白粉病的筛选试验。结果表明,三唑酮、戊唑醇等11个药种对小麦白粉病具有较好的防治效果,应于小麦白粉病始盛期第1次施药,盛发期(间隔7 d)第2次施药,连续施药2次,为延缓小麦白粉病的抗药性,要做好不同药种的交替轮换使用。     

不同浓度褪黑素对氯化钠胁迫下宝岛蕉幼苗的影响

为了研究不同浓度褪黑素对宝岛蕉幼苗氯化钠胁迫的影响,使用不同浓度褪黑素处理宝岛蕉幼苗叶片,研究处理后宝岛蕉幼苗叶片和根系的可溶性糖、丙二醛、脯氨酸含量及叶质膜透性的变化。结果表明,褪黑素100μmol/L能够降低宝岛蕉幼苗叶质膜透性,提高叶片和根系可溶性糖含量,降低叶片和根系丙二醛含量,提高叶片和根系脯氨酸含量,提高幼苗耐盐性,以缓解氯化钠胁迫对宝岛蕉幼苗的伤害。     

桃果实中多菌灵残留量的高效液相色谱-串联质谱结合QuEchERS检测方法

为分析桃果实中多菌灵残留量,采用QuEchERS方法对样品进行前处理,建立了快速检测桃果实中多菌灵残留量的高效液相-串联质谱法。样品经乙腈提取、QuEchERS方法脱水盐析和萃取净化,采用InertsilODS-2(5mm,150mm×2.1mm)色谱柱进行分离,梯度洗脱,在多反应检测模式下测定。经方法学验证,在添加不同浓度的标准溶液时,多菌灵残留量的平均回收率为89.5%~94.4%,RSD为1.95%。该方法简单、快速,准确度高,能够满足多菌灵残留分析的要求。