以法兴渔、促进渔业又好又快发展——就《河北省渔业条例》实施采访河北省农业厅副厅长、河北省水产局局长王进

为加强渔业资源保护、增殖、开发和合理利用,维护渔业生产者的合法权益,保障渔业生产安全和水产品质量安全,促进渔业发展,经修订后的《河北省渔业条例》,于2007年11月23日省十届人大常委会第三十一次会议审议通过,2008年1月1日起施行。     

Effects of different dietary copper sources on the growth and intestinal microbial communities of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

An 8‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary copper sources on growth performance and intestinal microbial communities of juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Four isonitrogenous (420 g/kg crude protein) and isolipidic (70 g/kg crude lipid) experimental diets were formulated to contain different copper sources, Diet NSC (no‐supplemented copper), Diet CS (copper sulphate), Diet Availa (copper amino acid complex from Availa^®Cu100) and Diet M (1:1, copper sulphate + copper amino acid complex). A total of 360 Pacific white shrimp juveniles (initial weight: 1.86 ± 0.03 g) were randomly allocated into four groups, with three replicates per group and 30 shrimps each replicate. An Illumina‐based sequencing method was used to analyse the intestinal bacterial composition of shrimp juveniles. The results revealed that shrimps fed Diet M had significantly higher percent weight gain (PWG) than that fed Diet NSC and Diet CS, while there were no significant differences between Diet M and Diet Availa. Survival was not affected by the dietary copper sources. Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were dominant in the intestines of Pacific white shrimp. Shrimps fed Diet M and Diet Availa had higher bacterial richness and diversity than those fed Diet NSC and Diet CS with no significant differences among all treatments. Furthermore, Diet M and Diet Availa which contained copper amino acid complex reduced the relative abundance of Vibrionaceae in shrimp intestinal tract. This study indicated that dietary copper sources could affect the intestinal microbial communities and diets supplemented with Availa^®Cu100 could have a positive impact on the growth performance and decrease the potential risk of disease in Pacific white shrimp.     

Effect of inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B on TNF-α-induced expression of angiotensinogen and production of angiotensinⅡ in glomerular mesangial cells

AIM: To study the effect of inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activity on the expression of angiotensinogen (AGT) and the production of angiotensinⅡ (AngⅡ) induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in glomerular mesangial cells (MCs) of SD rats. METHODS: The MCs of SD rats were isolated and divided into three groups as follows: control; MCs treated with TNF-α, and the MCs treated with TNF-α + pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC). The activity of nuclear factor-kappa B was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The expression of AGT was determined by RT-PCR for mRNA and Western blotting for protein. The concentration of angiotensinⅡ in supernatant was measured by RIA. RESULTS: The NF-κB activity in the MCs treated with TNF-α (20.67±9.14)×102 μg/cell was significantly higher than that in control cells ［(8.25±4.35)×102 μg/cell, P<0.01］ and the MCs treated with TNF-α+PDTC ［(7.20±4.57)×102 μg/cell, P<0.01］, and no significant difference was found between control and the MCs treated with TNF-α＋PDTC (P>0.05). The AGT mRNA level in the MCs treated with TNF-α (0.27±0.05) was higher than that in the control cells (0.20±0.05, P<0.05), and no significant difference was observed when compared with that in the MCs treated with TNF-α＋PDTC (0.22±0.06, P>0.05). The expression of AGT protein in the MCs treated with TNF-α (0.60±0.19) μg/cell was higher than that in the control ［(0.37±0.15)μg/cell, P＜0.05］ and the MCs treated with TNF-α＋PDTC ［(0.37±0.17)μg/cell, P<0.05］, and no significance was found between the MCs treated TNF-α＋PDTC and the control (P>0.05). The AngⅡ level in supernatant of cultured MCs treated with TNF-α ［(9.73±2.38)×10-5 ng·L-1/cell］ was significantly higher than that in the control ［(7.50±1.51)×10-5 ng·L-1/cell, P<0.05］ and in the MCs treated with TNF-α＋PDTC ［(6.94±1.46)×10-5 ng·L-1/cell, P<0.05］, however, the difference between the MCs treated with TNF-α＋PDTC and the control was of no significance (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: TNF-α activates the NF-κB in glomerular MCs, induces the AGT expression and the production of AngⅡ. Inhibition of NF-κB decreases the AGT expression and the production of AngⅡ. Therefore, the effects of TNF-α on AGT and AngⅡ may be mediated by NF-κB.     

2BYS—6型水田中耕除草机设计与试验

简述了2BYS-6型水田中耕除草机的结构、工作原理及关键部件的设计,对该机旋转除草和摆动除草两种工作部件运动作了理论分析.田间试验结果表明:该机用于机插秧水稻田除草行间杂草平均除净率(相对除净率)78.1%,中耕深度4.39 cm,作物损伤率不大于6.89%.     

黄糊精/秸秆纤维复合材料弯曲性能分

利用模压方法制备了黄糊精/秸秆纤维复合材料,并利用试验方法研究黄糊精/秸秆纤维复合材料的弯曲性能.研究结果表明:在试验条件下,通过对黄糊精/秸秆纤维复合材料弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量的极差分析发现最优组合相同,即热压温度A=170℃、热压压力B=9.8 MPa、热压时间C=20 min、黄糊精质量D=30 g,并对最优组合进行了试验验证,得出其弯曲强度为15.34 MPa,弯曲弹性模量为2 522.78 MPa.通过对复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲弹性模量的方差分析发现,热压时间是不显著因素,而热压压力是显著因素.     

灯泡体支撑件对贯流泵水力性能的影响

灯泡体支撑件(包括进人孔和底部支承)是贯流泵装置内部重要的过流部件,本文采用CFD方法对贯流泵装霞内部流场进行数值模拟,对不同支撑件形状进行了比较分析和优化,并与试验结果比较.结果表明,进人孔和底部支承的形状对泵装置的水力损失和水流流态的影响都比较明显,合理的支撑件形状可以改善流态、减少水流环量,提高泵装置效率.     

一种采用无线数据传输方式的储粮仓群测温系统

基于无线收发芯片和1-Wire总线数字温度传感器,实现了可进行无线数据传输的大型储粮仓群温度监测系统。该系统包括主机和信号采集分机,主机负责管理每个粮仓的温度信号采集分机,定时或根据操作者指令向分机发出数据传输指令,各个粮仓分机根据收到的指令进行温度数据的传输。该系统在继承了全数字粮仓测温系统硬件结构简单、安装及维修方便等优点的基础上,实现了测温数据的无线传输,适于在大型分散式储粮仓群以及不便于布线的粮库中应用。     

金华市农业机械化发展水平评价

为促进金华市农业机械化发展,根据现有农业机械化水平评价方法,建立了金华市农业机械化水平评价指标体系,并确定了各指标的权重.在此基础上,利用1996-2006年金华市有关农业机械化统计数据,计算出金华市历年农业机械化水平,同时分析了影响当地农业机械化发展的因素.最后,结合金华市实际,提出了促进金华市农业机械化水平提高的措施与建议.     

克氏原螯虾网箱育苗技术

克氏原螯虾隶属节肢动物门、甲壳纲、十足目、原螯虾属,俗称小龙虾,是目前淡水虾类增养殖的主要品种,同时也是我国主要的出口淡水水产品之一。近年来,随着养殖面积的不断扩大,以及人们对野生小龙虾的酷扑滥捞,野生资源量急剧减少,造成小龙虾苗种异常短缺。笔者根据多年探索、研究,总结出克氏原螯虾网箱育苗技术,现介绍如下: