Venus: detailed mapping of maxwell montes region

From October 1983 to July 1984, the north hemisphere of Venus, from latitude 30 degrees to latitude 90 degrees , was mapped by means of the radar imagers and altimeters of the spacecraft Venera 15 and Venera 16. This report presents the results of the radar mapping of the Maxwell Montes region, one of the most interesting features of Venus' surface. A radar mosaic map and contour map have been compiled.     

岷江上游典型流域植被水文效应模拟

该文通过研究现有土地覆盖下水文分布的空间格局,及不同植被类型集水区内降雨与径流间的关系,来揭示森林生态系统与水文动态之间相互作用的机制,从而为岷江上游的生态环境评价和区域生态环境保护及恢复提供理论依据和科学指导.在前人研究的基础上,结合先进的地理信息系统和遥感技术,构建岷江流域植被水文模型.模型以水文子模块TOPMODEL为中心,由山地小气候模型MTCLIM和林冠截留模型为其提供水文学参数,研究中水文循环过程涉及植被截留、(实际)蒸散发、降雨入渗和土壤水分动态等.最后将模型应用于岷江上游典型支流——杂古脑流域,对其1995年7—9月的径流特征进行了模拟分析.结果显示,7—9月日径流量总体趋势表现为逐渐降低,径流量对降水响应敏感,基本反映了杂古脑流域雨季的径流变化特征.     

A high-resolution radiation hybrid map of the human genome draft sequence

We have constructed a physical map of the human genome by using a panel of 90 whole-genome radiation hybrids (the TNG panel) in conjunction with 40,322 sequence-tagged sites (STSs) derived from random genomic sequences as well as expressed sequences. Of 36,678 STSs on the TNG radiation hybrid map, only 3604 (9.8%) were absent from the unassembled draft sequence of the human genome. Of 20,030 STSs ordered on the TNG map as well as the assembled human genome draft sequence and the Celera assembled human genome sequence, 36% of the STSs had a discrepant order between the working draft sequence and the Celera sequence. The TNG map order was identical to one of the two sequence orders in 60% of these discrepant cases.     

贡嘎山冷杉纯林地被物及土壤持水特性

为了研究贡嘎山冷杉(Abies fabri)纯林林下地被物及林地土壤在水土保持、水源涵养方面的作用,该文通过对贡嘎山4种林龄的冷杉纯林(幼龄林、中龄林、成熟林和过熟林)林下地被物持水特性及林地土壤物理实验,得到不同林龄林下地被物最大持水量、吸水速度等水文特征参数及林地土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度等物理特性参数.结果表明,成熟林林下苔藓层持水量最大,为其风干重的343.5%,过熟林林下的为284.5%,中龄林林下的为282.5%,幼龄林林下的为250%.成熟林林下枯落物最大持水量为其风干重的301.8%,过熟林林下的为226.4%,中龄林林下的为209.4%,幼龄林林下的为205.4%.经分析拟合,得到林下苔藓层、林下枯落物吸水速度与浸泡时间之间关系式S=ktn.贡嘎山冷杉纯林林地土壤容重为0.851～1.136 g/cm3,土壤饱和含水量为55.29%～83.96%,毛管持水量为44.48%～75.41%,田间持水量为39.50%～65.86%.     

Genetic analysis of histone H4: essential role of lysines subject to reversible acetylation

The nucleosome is the fundamental unit of assembly of the chromosome and reversible modifications of the histones have been suggested to be important in many aspects of nucleosome function. The structure-function relations of the amino-terminal domain of yeast histone H4 were examined by the creation of directed point mutations. The four lysines subject to reversible acetylation were essential for histone function as the substitution of arginine or asparagine at these four positions was lethal. No single lysine residue was completely essential since arginine substitutions at each position were viable, although several of these mutants were slower in completing DNA replication. The simultaneous substitution of glutamine for the four lysine residues was viable but conferred several phenotypes including mating sterility, slow progression through the G2/M period of the division cycle, and temperature-sensitive growth, as well as a prolonged period of DNA replication. These results provide genetic proof for the roles of the H4 amino-terminal domain lysines in gene expression, replication, and nuclear division.