酸枣及17 个枣品种叶片过氧化物酶同工酶的研究

 采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直电泳, 分析了酸枣和17 个枣品种叶片过氧化物酶同工酶, 并运用相似关系R- 链连接法进行了模糊聚类分析划分了类群, 探讨类群之间的亲缘关系, 从分子水平的表型证实了酸枣是栽培枣的原生种, 其它类群分化程度较大, 进化历史较长, 但都与酸枣有着密切的亲缘关系。     

Effects of Pressurized Low Polarity Water Extraction Parameters on Antioxidant Properties and Composition of Cow Cockle Seed Extracts

Antioxidant activity of pressurized low polarity water (PLPW) extracts of cow cockle seed and extraction residues were determined using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The effect of extraction conditions (temperature (125, 150 and 175 °C) and time) on the antioxidant activity and the relationship amongst the antioxidant activity and extract composition (total phenolics and saponin content) were determined. The antioxidant activity of PLPW extracts increased with extraction temperature. Increasing activity with time was also observed at 175 °C. PLPW extraction residues had the highest activity suggesting antioxidant compounds were not completely extracted by PLPW. Antioxidant activity correlated well with total phenolics content of samples (R ² ≥ 0.94), however no correlation was observed with the saponin content. A strong correlation was observed between the antioxidant activity values obtained using different methods (R ² ≥ 0.94). These results point to the potential of PLPW extraction as a method to modify the activity of biological materials for the production of customized extracts.     

WPJ2-40型微喷灌机行走速度与滚筒线速度协调性的研究

WPJ2-40型微喷灌机是1种新研制的双旋转臂直行自走式微喷灌机。该喷灌机在实际喷灌过程中,要求整机行走的速度必须应与滚筒(绞盘)旋转时的线速度同步一致。本文根据研究过程中的实际要求,提出了利用可编程控制器(PLC)以实现二者同步的具体设计方法。     

部分去壳后不同封口方法对鸡胚发育的影响

将 348枚预孵 2 4～ 2 8h的种蛋分成 8组 ,部分去壳后分别以不同方法封口 ,研究其对鸡胚存活率及出雏率的影响。结果表明 :蛋壳膜 +封口胶 (封口后连续 3d注射抗生素 )、蛋壳膜 +封口胶、封口胶 +药棉、蛋壳膜 +石蜡、蛋壳膜 +蛋壳粉 +石蜡 5种封口方法对鸡胚的发育在 19日龄前差异不显著 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;前 4组的出雏率分别为 9.6 % ,5 .1% ,4 .4 % ,2 .4 %。蛋壳膜、蛋壳膜 +蛋壳粉 +蛋清、蛋壳膜 +蛋壳粉 3种封口方法对鸡胚发育在 19日龄前较差 ,与前 5组比较差异显著 (P<0 .0 5 )。 8种方法比较 ,前 5种封口方法对用显微注射法制备转基因鸡更具有应用潜力。     

Assessing the fertility of two mares cloned from the same founder animal

Two cloned mares, produced from the same sample of skin fibroblasts, were bred during four breeding seasons from their second year of age, as embryo donors, in exactly the same conditions, using the same stallions for both cloned mares. The aim of this study was to test the embryo donor potential of cloned mares and to compare the results obtained from two cloned mares of the same mare with other embryo donor mares (n = 31–39 per breeding season) at the same stud. For both cloned mares, 19 embryos were recovered by 43 collection attempts (44%) (7/22 for one; 12/21 for the other), 16 (84%) pregnancies (5/7 for one, 11/12 for the other) were obtained at day 14 post-ovulation (D₁₄), and 12 (3/7 for one; 9/12 for the other) foals were born. One cloned mare was a less efficient donor mare than the other (p < .05), In control donor mares, 623 embryo collections were performed, with a recovery rate (80%—496/623) significantly higher than for cloned mares. The recovery rate in the subpopulation of 2–5-year-old control donor mares (same age of cloned mares) (89%—127/143) and The recovery rate in the subpopulation of 12 control mares bred with the seven same stallions as clones (55%—17/31), were both higher than for cloned mare (p < .05). The success rate of transfer was not different between embryos produced by cloned mares (84%—16/19) and those produced by control donor mares (79%—392/496). However, the foaling rate per embryo collection was significantly lower for cloned mares (28%—12/43) than for control donor mares (52% - 325/623) (p < .05).     

黄牛-奶牛IVF胚胎早期发育影响因素的研究

为了在实验室建立一套黄牛-奶牛IVF胚胎制备体系,为IVF胚胎的研究提供来源方便、制备简单的素材,本实验从黄牛-奶牛IVF胚胎制备过程中卵巢的处理方法、精子的处理方法及受精卵的培养方法等几个方面进行优化。结果表明：温度递增式洗涤卵巢(25℃、30℃、35℃、39℃),对卵母细胞起到一定的缓冲作用,获取A级COC_S的比例和卵母细胞的成熟率较直接用25℃和39℃生理盐水洗涤卵巢高且差异显著,但是卵裂率和囊胚率并没有显著差异;用移液器轻轻吹打精子后,显著提高卵母细胞的受精率和卵裂率;培养方法对黄牛-奶牛IVF胚胎的早期发育有一定的影响。研究结果提示,经过温度递增式的生理盐水梯度洗涤卵巢,以体外成熟的黄牛卵母细胞为受体、以高产奶牛冷冻精子经过移液器轻微反复吹打处理后进行体外受精,受精卵置五孔板中进行IVF胚胎的体外培养,可以获得发育至孵化囊胚的黄牛-奶牛IVF胚胎。     

假单孢菌20#-5菌株代谢产物对马铃薯晚疫病菌的抑制作用

为了深入研究抗生菌假单胞菌20#-5菌株的有关性状，采用固体平板抑菌法调查了其代谢产物的抗菌谱，用甲醇浸提和色谱分离法对其活性成分进行了分离纯化，并初步优化了其发酵条件。结果表明，该菌的代谢产物在固体培养基上对马铃薯晚疫病菌、苏云金芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、蜡质芽孢杆菌等有较强的抑制作用，抑菌直径大于20mm；对耶尔森氏菌有微弱的抑制作用，抑菌直径小于10mm；对小麦赤霉病菌、柑橘溃疡病菌、亚利桑那沙门氏菌、克雷伯氏菌等没有抑制作用。浓缩液经AcA202凝胶过滤和C-18反相色谱分离，结果显示该菌代谢产物中有多种抗菌活性成分。该菌株的最佳发酵条件是100ml的三角瓶中装10ml初始pH8．0的LB培养液，28℃摇床发酵4天。     

种猪数字化养殖平台的构建

目前,虽然中国规模化养猪业快速发展,但是饲养设施和技术手段与发达国家相比仍然相对落后。该文提出数字化种猪养殖平台,利用先进技术和管理方法提高养猪业效益。整个平台从种猪生产过程和个体信息的管理到数字化监管等方面作了详尽的阐述,并逐一给出平台中各组成子系统的构建方法,利用无线射频识别（RFID）、智能控制、网络传输等多项数字化技术和手段,完成平台的建设,包括饲料的自动输送和精细饲喂系统、猪舍环境智能化调控及数字化表达、猪只个体信息的数字化表达和猪舍实况的可视化监视、种猪养殖全过程的网络化监管。该平台作为内蒙古科技园区数字化养殖的具体示范实例,将数字化技术应用到种猪生产,体现了农牧业生产过程科技化的基本理念。     

猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌ApxⅣ-ELISA鉴别诊断试剂盒的研制与应用

胸膜肺炎放线杆菌(Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae,APP)是一种严重危害世界养猪业的重要病原菌,至少有15种血清型,根据所有血清型菌株仅在感染猪体内产生外毒素ApxⅣ的特点,建立了一种能够区分感染猪与免疫猪的鉴别诊断方法ApxⅣ-ELISA。研究在反应条件方面加以优化,将该诊断方法进一步研制成试剂盒,对其特异性、敏感性、重复性和稳定性进行了测试,与间接血凝试验及IDEXX公司的CHEKIT-APP-APXⅣ试剂盒进行了对比研究,并用该试剂盒检测了来自中国、英国、丹麦、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚等国的临床猪血清1453份。结果表明,ApxⅣ-ELISA试剂盒具有很高的特异性和敏感性,与CHEKIT-APP-APXⅣ试剂盒的检测符合率为91.37%;3批试剂盒的批内和批间重复性良好(变异系数均<15%);试剂盒在2～8℃保存9个月内稳定性良好。所检种猪血样中,来自中国猪场1、中国猪场2、美国、加拿大、丹麦、澳大利亚和英国的ApxⅣ抗体阳性率分别为30.05%、70.69%、39.72%、0.64%、42.22%、1.85%和93.94%;所检我国2个规模化猪场的仔猪ApxIV抗体阳性率分别为21.77%和27.15%,育肥猪的阳性率分别为5.51%和11.07%。研究表明,ApxⅣ-ELISA试剂盒能够有效区分APP感染猪与三价灭活疫苗或亚单位疫苗免疫猪。