不同鲜叶摊放处理对夏秋茶香气品质的影响

对夏秋绿茶鲜叶（单芽、一芽二三叶、单片及对夹叶）采用3种不同的鲜叶处理过程,对加工得到的毛茶进行感官审评比较,并采用顶空微萃取结合GC-MS对毛茶香气成分进行分析比较。结果表明,经3种处理的夏秋茶鲜叶加工而成的毛茶香气品质都得到明显的改善。处理后的单芽茶中酯类的数量及种类明显增多,形成具有强烈而令人愉快的花香;一芽二三叶毛茶的香气成分种类和数量都大大高于对照组;单片及对夹叶的毛茶经处理后,粗老味减弱,青气消失,花香显现。通过增加调温调湿摊放、摇青、晒青/摇青等处理过程,可以明显改善夏秋茶的香气品质。     

几种微生物菌剂处理下连作黄瓜的生长分析

采用盆栽法研究了4种微生物菌剂(连茬王、护根宝、金宝贝、木霉菌肥)处理对连作黄瓜生长的影响。结果表明:4种菌剂处理下连作黄瓜的各项生长指标均较对照有所提高;木霉菌肥和护根宝处理明显提高了连作黄瓜的相对生长率、净同化率、叶面积指数、群体光合势及群体生长率;连茬王处理对黄瓜叶重比及叶片厚度具有明显的促进效应。综合各菌剂对连作黄瓜地上部生长的改善效果,依次为木霉菌肥护根宝连茬王金宝贝。     

Effects of HIF-1α/SDF-1 signaling axis on hypoxia-induced migration and adhesion of progenitor cells

AIM: To observe the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α) and stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) in pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs) of SD rats and to investigate the role of HIF-1α/SDF-1 signaling axis on hypoxia-induced migration and adhesion of progenitor cells to PAECs. METHODS: Immunomagnetic beads were used to separate and purify the CD34⁺/CXCR4⁺ progenitor cells derived from the peripheral circulation of SD rats. The expression of HIF-1α and SDF-1 in PAECs exposed to hypoxia (1% O₂, 5% CO₂ and 94% N₂) was detected by immunofluorescence, Western blotting and ELISA. The migration index and adhesion rate were measured in the progenitor cells, which were subjected to the following different treatments: (1) normoxia (21% O₂); (2) hypoxia 12 h; (3) hypoxia 12 h +HIF-1α inhibitor (2ME2); (4) hypoxia 12 h+SDF-1 neutralizing antibody; (5) hypoxia 12 h+2ME2+SDF-1 neutralizing antibody.RESULTS: The expression of HIF-1α and SDF-1 in PAECs was effectively induced by the hypoxic exposure, and both of them reached the peak levels after 12 h of hypoxic treatment (P<0.01), while administration of 2ME2 decreased the hypoxia-induced SDF-1 expression (P<0.05). Treatment of the PAECs with 2ME2 or SDF-1 neutralizing antibody attenuated the migration index and adhesion rate of progenitor cells to the PAECs (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: There is a HIF-1α/SDF-1 signaling axis in hypoxia-exposed PAECs, which may play a crucial role in the migration and adhesion of progenitor cells to PAECs.     

低亚麻酸高油大豆沈农11号的选育及高产栽培技术

沈农11号系沈阳农业大学以辽豆3号为母本,冀豆4号为父本杂交选育而成的大豆新品种,该品种籽粒粗蛋白含量40.71%,粗脂肪含量22.44%,籽粒亚麻酸含量为2.3%,属于低亚麻酸高油大豆品种。2008年通过辽宁省作物品种审定委员会审定。     

文冠果类型综合评价指标体系的构建

【目的】构建文冠果Xanthoceras sorbifolia不同类型的评价指标体系,为类型评价、实现分类经营提供依据。【方法】在掌握文冠果生物学特性及类型划分的基础上,应用层次分析法构建优良类型综合评价指标体系。【结果】综合评价指标体系由目标层、控制层和指标层组成。目标层由生长性状、种子及果实性状、产量性状、产油性状、物候期性状组成。指标层由19个具体指标组成。应用层次分析法、特尔斐法、指数综合评价法确定了各评价指标的权重和评价方法。利用该指标体系对内蒙古赤峰地区文冠果各类型进行评价的结果显示:花朵类型中,单瓣白花型和单瓣红花型的得分较高,分别为3.96和2.75;果实类型中,大球果型得分最高(3.98),其次是圆柱果型(3.67)、三棱果型(3.50),这3类为入选的丰产高油优良类型。【结论】所建立的评价指标体系能满足以油用为目的的文冠果优良类型选择要求。     

天津市不同种植年限蔬菜地土壤水分特征对比研究

通过对天津市辛口镇蔬菜种植区不同种植年限(5年以上、10年以上及15年以上)土壤水分特征的比较分析后得知:(1)随着种植年限的延长,3种蔬菜地土壤饱和含水量、田间持水量、萎蔫含水量及有效水含量逐渐下降,种植5年以上的蔬菜地土壤,尤其是淀积层及母质层土壤的水分吸持能力高于种植10年以上和种植15年以上.(2)相比种植5年以上的蔬菜地土壤.种植15年以上的蔬菜地土壤总库容、贮水库容、有效水库容和无效水库容发生不同程度的水分亏缺.(3)随着种植年限的延长.蔬菜地土壤的孔隙减少,土壤结构变差,土壤的水分保持、供释能力及开发、利用潜力逐渐下降.该结果可为天津这种干旱地区的蔬菜地土壤,特别是耕作层土壤改良及水分的合理有效利用提供参考     

昆明烟区土壤速效养分及中微量元素丰缺状况分析

【目的】探讨昆明烟区土壤速效养分和中微量营养元素的丰缺状况及区域特征,为区域平衡施肥提供参考。【方法】于2012年采集昆明市8个县(市)主产烟区有代表性的土壤样品858份,测定其土壤速效养分和有效中微量营养元素含量,对其丰缺状况及区域分布特征进行评价与分析。【结果】1)昆明部分烟区土壤速效氮含量处于低水平的县(市)占12.5%,中等或丰富水平的占87.5%,速效磷和速效钾基本处于中等或丰富水平,表明昆明市50%以上烟区进行速效养分管理时应采取"提氮、稳磷、稳钾"的施肥策略。2)昆明烟区土壤交换性钙、交换性镁含量均处于丰富水平,有效硫含量处于临界值以下及低水平的县(市)分别占12.5%和25%,处于中等水平的占62.5%,说明有效硫含量整体适宜性稍差,在施肥管理时应采取"降Ca、稳Mg、提S"的措施。3)昆明烟区有效锰、有效锌含量基本处于中等或丰富水平,有效铜和有效铁含量均处于丰富水平,有效硼含量处于低水平,对各县(市)烟区微量元素肥进行管理时,需适量补充硼肥,稳定其他微量营养元素肥。【结论】昆明烟区土壤速效养分及中微量元素含量及分布均存在差异,故在烤烟生产平衡施肥过程中,应针对不同烟区的土壤养分特征实行分类指导。     

Lentivirus-mediated calcitonin gene-related peptide transfection enhances endothelial differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

AIM：To study the effect of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) gene transfection mediated by lentivirus on the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to endothelial cells. METHODS：Rat bone marrow MSCs were isolated by density gradient centrifugation combined with adherence method. Recombinant lentivirus vector carrying CGRP gene (Lenti-CGRP) was transfected into the MSCs. The secretion of CGRP in culture supernatants of the transfected MSCs was detected using ELISA method. The cells at passage 3 were divided into three groups: CGRP group (MSCs transfected with Lenti-CGRP), CGRP+CGRP8-37 (an antagonist of CGRP receptor) group and control group (MSCs transfected with PBS). The differentiation of the MSCs was detected by immunocytochemical staining for CD31 and factor Ⅷ-related antigen. The proliferation of the cells was measured by cell counting, and the angiogenic ability of the cells was analyzed using Matrigel assay. RESULTS：The proportion of CD31-and factor Ⅷ-related antigen-positive cells in CGRP and CGRP+CGRP8-37 groups was larger than that in control group (P<0.05). The numbers of the cells in CGRP and CGRP+CGRP8-37 groups were significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05). Lumen-like structures were observed in CGRP and CGRP+CGRP8-37 groups. The above indexes in CGRP+CGRP8-37 group were reduced compared with CGRP group. CONCLUSION: Transfection with CGRP gene induces rat bone marrow MSCs to differentiate into endothelial cells and enhances their proliferation, suggesting that CGRP may play a role in the regulation of angiogenesis.     

杜蒙杂交母羊的繁殖规律研究

旨在研究杜蒙杂交母羊的繁殖规律。对内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市四子王旗范围内养殖的杜蒙杂交母羊（n=668）的首次发情时间、妊娠期、产羔率、产双羔率等指标数据进行整理;采用公羊试情方法,观察并记录杜蒙杂交母羊（n=302）的发情周期和发情持续时间。对上述指标数据进行分析,探究该地区杜蒙杂交母羊的繁殖规律。结果表明：杜蒙杂交母羊平均首次发情时间为8.5月龄（最早7.0月龄、最晚10.7月龄）,平均发情周期为16.0 d（最短13.5 d、最长18.5 d）,平均发情持续时间为24.0 h（最短20.0 h、最长27.5 h）,平均妊娠期为146.0 d（最短143.0 d、最长149.0 d）,产羔率为119.7%,产双羔率为19.7%。研究结果为掌握杜蒙杂交母羊自然发情规律,以及准确把握最佳配种时间提供了依据。     

植物小肽替代鱼粉对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率及肠道发育的影响

试验旨在研究植物小肽对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率及肠道发育的影响。选择体重为9.56 kg左右的35日龄健康杜长大三元杂种断奶仔猪120头,按照体重相似的原则随机分为2个处理,每个处理设6个重复,每个重复10头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(含2.5%鱼粉),试验组添加2%植物小肽(替代基础饲粮中2.5%鱼粉)。试验期28 d。结果表明,植物小肽组仔猪日增重和日采食量分别比对照组提高5.88%(P<0.05)和2.67%(P<0.05),料重比显著降低2.74%(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,植物小肽组仔猪十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度显著提高(P<0.05),十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),十二指肠和空肠的绒腺比(V/C)也显著提高(P<0.05)。综合来看,断奶仔猪饲粮中2%植物小肽替代2.5%鱼粉促进了仔猪肠道发育,提高了生长性能。