Production and characterization of an alloplasmic and monosomic addition line of Brassica rapa carrying the cytoplasm and one chromosome of Moricandia arvensis

Intergeneric hybridization was performed between Moricandia arvensis and four inbred lines of Brassica rapa following embryo rescue. Three F₁ hybrid plants were developed from three cross combinations of M. arvensis × B. rapa, and amphidiploids were synthesized by colchicine treatment. Six BC₁ plants were generated from a single cross combination of amphidipolid × B. rapa ‘Ko1-303’ through embryo rescue. One BC₂ and three BC₃ plants were obtained from successive backcrossing with B. rapa ‘Ko1-303’ employing embryo rescue. Alloplasmic and monosomic addition lines of B. rapa (Allo-MALs, 2n = 21) were obtained from backcrossed progeny of three BC₃ plants (2n = 21, 22 and 23) without embryo rescue. An alloplasmic line of B. rapa (2n = 20) degenerated before floliation on 1/2 MS medium due to severe chlorosis. Allo-MALs of B. rapa (2n = 21) showed stable male sterility without any abnormal traits in vegetative growth and female fertility. Molecular analyses revealed that the same chromosome and cytoplasm of M. arvensis had been added to each Allo-MAL of B. rapa. This Allo-MAL of B. rapa may be useful material for producing cytoplasmic male sterile lines of B. rapa.     

不同材质果袋对‘富有’柿果色泽形成和色素积累的影响

为探讨不同材质果袋对柿果色泽形成和色素积累的影响,采用4种玻璃纸袋和生产上常用的3种纸袋,于6月25日对‘富有’柿果进行套袋处理,以不套袋为对照,分别在8月25日、9月10日、9月20日、10月2日、10月12日、10月25日、11月2日、11月12日等8个不同时期分次采摘。结果表明：早期柿果在遮光性强的环境下果皮中叶绿素含量下降明显,果实提前褪绿;10月2日至11月2日是柿果转色的关键时期,色泽均从绿色转化到橙色、橙红色,套袋对类胡萝卜素含量的影响主要集中在此阶段;色泽L值与a值以及各色素组分的相关性均未达到显著水平,a值与色素总量和色素组分的相关性比b值密切;柿果色泽主要是由5种类胡萝卜素组分共同积累所致,其中隐黄质和β-胡萝卜素对其起着关键作用;黄色玻璃纸处理有利于柿果色泽形成和色素合成,红光和弱光不利于柿果色素合成,其中对“红色系”色素积累影响较大。     

高粱种子对萌发温度的响应分析与耐低温萌发能力鉴定

萌发期的低温是限制种子萌发的一个重要非生物胁迫因子,高粱种子耐低温萌发能力是保证高粱出苗整齐、建立良好群体的基础,因此研究高粱品种对不同萌发温度的响应特征具有重要的理论和应用价值。本试验用来源于不同地区的30份高粱品种,在25℃、20℃、16℃和12℃人工气候箱中进行萌发试验,测定不同温度下高粱品种的发芽势、发芽率、芽长、根长、芽重、根重等萌发指标,分析不同高粱品种的萌发差异;通过主成分分析和聚类分析,对不同高粱品种萌发期耐低温特性鉴定和分类,结果表明,随着萌发温度的降低,高粱芽和根的生长均受到抑制,但根与芽的重量和长度比均增加,说明萌发过程中芽比根对低温更加敏感。30个高粱品种的6个萌发指标相对值之间存在一定相关性。主成分分析表明,相对芽长、相对根长和相对发芽率分别在3个主成分中载荷较大,可作为高粱萌发期耐低温的主要鉴定指标。30个高粱品种按萌发期耐低温能力可分为四大类,辽粘3号极不耐低温,济粱1号等18个品种对低温敏感,冀酿1号等5个品种对低温不敏感,赤杂101等6个品种对萌发期低温具有较强的耐性。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征抗病指示性状的分子标记筛查及检测

为鉴定与猪感染猪繁殖与呼吸综合征(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome,PRRS)抗病指示性状相关的分子标记,以大白猪×通城猪高代横交群体为研究对象,选用159头健康仔猪进行猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respirato...     

不同烤烟品种及海拔对烟叶中有机酸的影响

采用甲酯化和GC/MS法分析了云南8个烤烟品种和1个品种3个海拔高度烟叶中有机酸含量。结果表明,在8个品种中以红大品种的总有机酸含量最高,达79.82 mg/g,K 346品种次之,最低的是G 28品种(50.6 mg/g),其他品种中有机酸含量介于2者之间。海拔不同有机酸含量也不同:烟叶中总有机酸含量在海拔1 400~1 600 m较高,而在1 200~1 400 m海拔最低;丙二酸相对含量随海拔升高而降低,但羟基丁二酸,2-丁烯二酸和柠檬酸的相对含量随海拔升高而增加。     

Effect of ostertagiasis on copper status in sheep: a study involving use of copper oxide wire particles

Lambs infected with Ostertagia circumcincta larvae and uninfected controls were either doses with 5 g copper oxide wire particles (COWP) or remained undosed. The change in abomasal pH was monitored from duodenal digesta and that in liver copper concentration from initial liver biopsy samples and liver obtained at necropsy after 22 days. Infection increased the pH of digesta from 2.5 to 4.5. The change in liver copper content in sheep not treated with COWP was +6.1 mg (12.6 per cent) and -6.8 mg (13.8 per cent) in control and infected sheep, respectively. Significantly greater amounts of COWP were recovered from the abomasa of infected than from control animals (3.6 +/- 0.23 and 1.6 +/- 0.55 g, respectively) and hepatic uptake of copper from COWP was 0.7 and 1.8 per cent of the dose, respectively. There were significant relationships between the pH of duodenal contents and COWP retained, soluble copper concentration in duodenal digesta and hepatic uptake of copper. It was concluded that, through causing an increase in pH in abomasal and duodenal digesta, gastrointestinal nematodes interfere with copper metabolism.     

Topology Identification of Distribution Networks Based on Hierarchical Model

Traditional model of distribution networks mostly research the response of input excitation, by describing elements and connections of elements for distribution networks. When the states of vertexes in distribution networks have changed, the connections of elements transformation. Owning to the mutual couplings and branches of distribution networks, it is hard to achieve the global optimization for load balancing, reconfiguration and restoration after fault by nomograph. A new model based on hierarchical model is presented. This model can be employed to identify the zone and branches efficiently and offer a cogent topological analysis method for the global optimization. The test result shows the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Effects of Co‐culture of Cumulus Oocyte Complexes with Denuded Oocytes During In Vitro Maturation on the Developmental Competence of Cloned Bovine Embryos

This study evaluated the effects of co‐culture of immature cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) with denuded immature oocytes (DO) during in vitro maturation on the developmental competence and quality of cloned bovine embryos. We demonstrated that developmental competence, judged by the blastocyst formation rate, was significantly higher in the co‐cultured somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT+DO, 37.1 ± 1.1%) group than that in the non‐co‐cultured somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT‐DO, 25.1 ± 0.9%) group and was very similar to that in the control IVF (IVF, 38.8 ± 2.8%) group. Moreover, the total cell number per blastocyst in the SCNT+DO group (101.7 ± 6.2) was higher than that in the SCNT‐DO group (81.7 ± 4.3), while still less than that in the IVF group (133.3 ± 6.0). Furthermore, our data showed that mRNA levels of the methylation‐related genes DNMT1 and DNMT3a in the SCNT+DO group were similar to that in the IVF group, while they were significantly higher in the SCNT‐DO group. Similarly, while the mRNA levels of the deacetylation‐related genes HDAC2 and HDAC3 were significantly higher in the SCNT‐DO group, they were comparable between the IVF and SCNT+DO groups. However, the mRNA levels of HDAC1 and DNMT3B were significantly higher in the SCNT+DO group than in the other groups. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that co‐culture of COCs with DO improves the in vitro developmental competence and quality of cloned embryos, as evidenced by increased total cell number.     

Mapping of Microsatellite SW943 to Porcine Chromosome 12p11-(2/3p13) Using Primed in situ Synthesis and Somatic Cell Hybrid Panel

The porcine microsatellite SW943 was regionally localized on 12p11-(2/3p13) by the two methods: the Primed in situ (PRINS) labelling on the pachytene bivalents of pigs using the Dig-11-dUTP as the report molecule and pig × rodent Somatic Cell Hybrid PaneI(SCHP) which contains 27 cell lines through PCR amplification. Advantages and disadvantages of the two methods for physical mapping of microsatellites were also discussed.