内蒙古典型草原主要植物群落土壤呼吸的初步研究

从野外选取有代表性的羊草,羊草－冷蒿,大针茅,克氏针茅和沙蒿群落,原状移栽到试验场,采用动脉气室／ＩＲＧＡ法在植物主要生长期,连续测定各群落的土壤呼吸,结果表明,土壤呼吸速率具有明显的昼夜变化和动态。沙蒿群落土壤呼吸张土壤ＣＯ２排放总量低于其它群落,羊草群落ＣＯ２日排放量和ＣＯ２总排放量较高。     

川西坳陷沙溪庙组砂体特征与连通性评价——以平落坝构造为例

川西坳陷位于四川盆地中西部,是印支期以来龙门山挤压推覆所形成的平行于龙门山造山带的西陡东缓不对称箕状形态的前陆盆地.中侏罗统沙溪庙组为川西坳陷重要的气藏层段,砂体连通性是控制气藏成藏的主要因素.平落坝构造处于川西坳陷南部前陆逆冲推覆带与前陆盆地之间的区域,为呈北东走向西南端略窄而东北端稍宽的长轴背斜.应用平落坝构造沙溪庙组的砂地比、沉积相、物性和含油气性等参数,开展储层砂体特征及连通性的分析和空间分布评价,探讨砂体连通性对天然气运聚的影响.川西坳陷沙溪庙组发育河-湖三角洲分流河道和河口坝沉积的多层薄砂体,纵横向分布不稳定;平落坝构造沙溪庙组连通性砂体的评价参数砂地比≥20％且孔隙度≥4％,钻井测试为气层或含气显示;连通性砂体构成了浅层输导格架,影响天然气的运聚和调整.     

鸡霍乱流行病学研究

禽霍乱病原菌肌肉注射人工感染成年鸡后,禽霍乱病原菌首先局限于注射部位生长繁殖,其他部位不能检出菌,静脉注射禽霍乱病原菌入血后,血中含菌数很快就迅速下降,出现一个低谷期,然后才不断上升。各组织、器官在任一时刻的含菌数各不相同,肝、脾含菌量最高。在血中可测到禽霍乱病原菌数量增加时,所感染的鸡均出现临床症状,并在几小时后死亡。分析认为,在各好嗜性组织器官中禽霍乱菌的大量繁殖是导致病鸡死亡的关键因素。     

犬严重子宫蓄脓的影象学诊断

子宫蓄脓本为犬多发的常见病,诊断并不困难。最近我们收治１例特别严重的子宫蓄脓,诊断一时难以明确,经综合影象学检查后,方得以确定,报告如下。１　病史华南农业大学动物医学系动物医院收治１例本地母犬,７岁,从未配种怀孕。因不食、腹围渐胀大而求诊,临床疑为腹水症,两天前　　收稿日期：１９９８１１２７抽出过少量液体。２　体格检查病犬精神差,躺卧不能站立和运动,稍消瘦和贫血,厌食已２０余天,每天只饮水,无大便,尿量正常;心跳快而心音弱,脉搏１５０次／ｍｉｎ,呼吸５６次／ｍｉｎ,体温３９２℃。就诊时饮水…     

Dietary linseed supplementation improves meat quality and flavor of sheep by altering muscle fiber characteristics and antioxidant capacity

Linseed as a common oil crop that has been implicated in regulating the meat quality of animals. The aim of this investigation was to establish the effects of dietary linseed supplementation on carcass traits, meat quality, muscle fiber characteristics, volatile compounds and antioxidant capacity of sheep. Twenty-four Sunit sheep were distributed into 2 groups with different diet: control (CO) fed a standard diet and linseed (LS, 8% of extruded linseed). The results showed that linseed not only increased M. longissimus thoracis (LT) increased the loin-eye area but also decreased pH24h, L* and shear force. Meanwhile, linseed increased mRNA expression of MyHCI and MyHCIIx and decreased in cross-sectional area (CSA) and muscle fiber diameter. In addition, linseed altered the composition of meat volatile flavor compounds, such as Z-10-Pentadecen-1-ol, pentanal, 2-Octenal, (E)-, decanal, butane, and 2-heptanone. Moreover, linseed increased total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC) activity, the mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT), decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Overall, the results suggest that linseed is an effective feed additive in improving meat quality and flavor. The underlying mechanisms for its effectiveness may be partly due to a change in muscle fiber characteristics and antioxidant capacity.     

Rapid determination of estrogens in milk samples based on magnetite nanoparticles/polypyrrole magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

In this study, a nanocomposite of polypyrrole-coated magnetite nanoparticles (denoted as MNPs/PPy) was prepared and employed as magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) sorbent for extraction of estrogens from milk samples. Because the polypyrrole coating possessed a highly π-conjugated structure and hydrophobicity, MNPs/PPy showed excellent performance for the estrogen extraction. Estrogens could be captured directly by MNPs/PPy from milk samples without protein precipitation. Moreover, the extraction could be carried out within 3 min. Thus, a rapid, simple, and effective method for the analysis of estrogens in milk samples was established by coupling MNPs/PPy-based MSPE with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The limits of detections for estrogens investigated were in the range of 5.1-66.7 ng/L. The recoveries of estrogens (concentration range of 0.5-20 ng/mL) from milk samples were in the range of 83.4-108.5%, with relative standard deviations ranging between 4.2 and 15.4%.     

放牧强度对新麦草土壤氮素分配及其季节动态的影响

通过不同放牧处理对新麦草人工草地土壤氮素分配及其在生长期间的动态研究。结果表明,０～３０ｃｍ土层全氮量月均值的顺序为对照〉重牧〉轻牧〉中牧（Ｐ〈０．０１）。放牧强度对铵未形成显著影响（Ｐ〉０．０５）。０～３０ｃｍ土层随着放牧强度的增加,硝态氮量逐渐增加。放牧区净可矿化氮量大于对照区,其中以中度放牧区最高。０～３０ｃｍ土层土壤微生物生物量氮的顺序为重牧〉对照〉中牧〉轻牧（Ｐ〈０．０５）。     

瓦尼木层孔菌及其人工栽培技术

瓦尼木层孔菌是近年来发现的一种珍贵药用真菌,其野生资源稀少,无法满足市场需求,特此对瓦尼木层孔菌的形态特征、生态习性及人工栽培技术进行介绍。     

贵州六盘水地区大白菜黑斑病病原菌鉴定及培养特性研究

黑斑病是大白菜重要病害之一,常对大白菜田间生产造成严重损失。为明确引起贵州省六盘水地区大白菜黑斑病的病原菌种类,采用稀释涂布法从六盘水地区4个种植点大白菜黑斑病病样上分离到4个菌株。基于形态学和ITS、Alt-a1、tef-1多基因序列分析,4个菌株的鉴定结果均为芸薹链格孢Alternaria brassicae。生物学特性研究表明,该病原菌最适培养基为PDA,最适氮源为酵母浸粉和蛋白胨,最适碳源为葡萄糖;菌丝生长及孢子萌发最适温度均为25 ℃,菌丝生长最佳pH值为7;分生孢子致死温度为55 ℃下处理10 min。