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排序方式： 共有318条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
311.
MJ Ritter DJF von Pfeil BJ Stanley JG Hauptman R Walshaw 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):333-337
AIMS: To review results of the ventral approach for mandibular and sublingual sialoadenectomy for the treatment of sialocoeles associated with the mandibular and sublingual salivary glands in the dog, and to determine rates of recurrence and complication following this procedure. METHODS: Thirty-nine dogs with 41 sialocoeles that underwent surgical intervention were retrospectively evaluated with respect to signalment, aetiology, location of sialocoeles, duration of clinical signs, treatment prior to referral, post-operative use of antibiotics and drains, complications, and recurrence. RESULTS: The mean age at the time of surgery was 5.1 (SD 3.8) years, and duration of clinical signs 6.6 (SD 10.6) months. Long-term follow-up was available for 31 dogs; the minimum was 8 months and mean 47.7 (SD 25.8) months post-surgery. There was no recurrence of sialocoeles following the ventral approach for mandibular and sublingual sialoadenectomy. Post- operatively, 6/35 (17%) cases developed a seroma at the surgical site. No breed or sex predisposition was determined. The cause of the sialocoele was unknown in 36/41 (88%) cases. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Excellent clinical results were achieved with a low rate of complications using the ventral approach for mandibular and sublingual siaload- enectomy. The ventral approach is recommended to minimise the risk of recurrence of sialocoeles. 相似文献
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313.
Jhann Garar Þorbjrnsson Jnína Herdís
lafsdttir Bjarni Kristfer Kristjnsson Catherine Chambers Georgette Leah Burns 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2020,30(5):1012-1022
- Ecological damage by scuba divers has been extensively studied in marine ecosystems, particularly coral reefs, whereas the impacts on freshwater environments such as groundwater springs is unknown. In the Silfra groundwater fissure in Iceland, a vast increase in diver entries has occurred during the last decade, prompting concerns over potential ecosystem impacts and visitor carrying capacity.
- Here, a mixed‐method approach was used to assess the impacts of scuba diving in Silfra. (a) Divers were recorded under water to observe the mechanisms of diver‐related disturbances, (b) benthic material was collected along transects in Silfra and the undisturbed fissure Flosagjá to compare biofilm biomass and zoobenthic communities between and within fissures, and (c) the perceptions and experiences of stakeholders surrounding the dive tourism in Silfra were explored.
- Underwater observations showed that 91.4% of the divers caused at least a single disturbance, resulting in biofilm detachments and/or sediment stirring. Diver fins caused the most frequent disturbances, predominantly through fin‐generated currents but also by directly contacting the substrate. Benthic biofilm biomass was lower in Silfra than Flosagjá and exhibited a negative correlation with dive‐use. Some disturbance‐tolerant zoobenthic groups exhibited moderate to strong correlations with dive‐use.
- All stakeholders had negative perceptions towards increasing diver entries, but although entry limitation could improve tourism quality, disturbance might only minimally be reduced as springs like Silfra may be particularly sensitive.
- Springs are characteristically stable and uniform environments that can be vulnerable to disturbance. Their use for scuba diving should be carefully managed through a holistic approach and an active collaboration between all stakeholders.
314.
Sandeep Raj Karna Preet Singh Paul Chambers Kavitha Kongara 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2020,43(2):153-161
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of morphine in combination with dexmedetomidine and maropitant injected intramuscularly in dogs under general anaesthesia. Eight healthy dogs weighing 25.76 ± 3.16 kg and 3.87 ± 1.64 years of age were used in a crossover study. Dogs were randomly allocated to four groups: (1) morphine 0.6 mg/kg; (2) morphine 0.3 mg/kg + dexmedetomidine 5 μg/kg; (3) morphine 0.3 mg/kg + maropitant 1 mg/kg; (4) morphine 0.2 mg/kg + dexmedetomidine 3 μg/kg + maropitant 0.7 mg/kg. Blood samples were collected before, 15 and 30 min, and 1, 2, 3 4, 6 and 8 hr after injection of the test drugs. Plasma concentration of the drugs was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The elimination half-life (T1/2) of morphine was higher and the clearance rate (CL) was lower when combined with dexmedetomidine (T1/2 = 77.72 ± 20.27 min, CL = 119.41 ± 23.34 ml kg−1 min−1) compared to maropitant (T1/2 = 52.73 min ± 13.823 ml kg−1 min−1, CL = 178.57 ± 70.55) or morphine alone at higher doses (T1/2 = 50.53 ± 12.55 min, CL = 187.24 ± 34.45 ml kg−1 min−1). Combining morphine with dexmedetomidine may increase the dosing interval of morphine and may have a clinical advantage. 相似文献
315.
K. Sakai S. Maeda Y. Yamada J. K. Chambers K. Uchida H. Nakayama T. Yonezawa N. Matsuki 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2018,16(3):330-336
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) infiltrate into a variety of tumour tissues and associate with poor prognosis in humans. However, data on association of Treg infiltration with prognosis is limited in canine tumours. The purpose of this study was to examine the number of tumour‐infiltrating Tregs and its association with overall survival (OS) in dogs with malignant tumours. The following 168 canine tumours were included: 37 oral malignant melanomas (OMMs); 14 oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs); 16 pulmonary adenocarcinomas (PAs); 37 mammary carcinomas (MCs); 36 mast cell tumours (MCTs) and 28 hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs). Normal tissues were obtained from 8 healthy dogs as controls. The number of forkhead box P3 (Foxp3)‐positive Tregs in intratumoral and peritumoral areas was investigated by immunohistochemistry. OS was compared between high and low Treg groups. The number of intratumoral and peritumoral Foxp3‐positive Tregs was significantly higher in OMM, OSCC, PA and MC compared with each normal tissue. There were few Foxp3‐positive Tregs in MCT and HCC. With intratumoral Tregs, the OS in the high Treg group was significantly shorter than that in the low Treg group in OMM, OSCC and PA. With peritumoral Tregs, there was no significant difference for OS between the 2 groups in each tumour type. These results suggest that Tregs infiltrate into a variety of canine tumours and the abundance of Tregs are associated with poor prognosis in some solid tumour types. 相似文献
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317.
Nguyen V. Son Kazuyuki Uchida Atigan Thongtharb James K. Chambers Takuya E. Kishimoto Hirotaka Tomiyasu Aki Ohmi Hajime Tsujimoto Hiroyuki Nakayama 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2019,17(3):345-353
A cell line named FB‐LCH01, derived from a dog diagnosed with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), was established and characterized. FB‐LCH01 had C‐shaped nucleoli, characterized by modal chromosome aberrations. The original tumour cells as well as established FB‐LCH01 cells were immunopositive for human leukocyte antigen‐DR, Iba‐1 and E‐cadherin, and immunonegative for CD163 and CD204, suggesting Langerhans cell origin. Furthermore, the characteristics of FB‐LCH01 were compared with those of two canine histiocytic sarcoma cell lines (PWC‐HS01 and FCR‐HS02) established previously. Expression of E‐cadherin was detected only in FB‐LCH01, but not in PWC‐HS01 and FCR‐HS02. All (n = 9) the severe combined immunodeficiency mice inoculated with the FB‐LCH01 cells developed subcutaneous tumour masses after 3 weeks. Eight of nine mice also developed metastatic lesions in the lymph nodes (8/8; 100%), lung (5/8; 62.5%), stomach (5/8; 62.5%), heart (4/8; 50%), pancreas (4/8; 50%), kidney (3/8; 37.5%), skin (3/8; 37.5%) and bone marrow (1/8; 12.5%). Tumour cells were pleomorphic and round‐ to polygonal‐shaped with prominent anisocytosis and anisokaryosis. The xenotransplanted tumour cells maintained the immunohistochemical features of the original tumour with persistent E‐cadherin expression at injection site and some visceral organs. In conclusion, the established cell line as well as the mice xenotransplant model in this study reflect the nature of canine LCH and may serve as promising models for investigating the patho‐tumorigenesis and therapy of the disease. 相似文献
318.