全区造林核查数据处理软件的研制

文章从全区人工造林更新实绩核查的实际出发 ,论述了全区造林核查数据处理软件的研制方法和过程 ,并详细介绍了软件的功能及使用效果。该软件的研制和使用对全区造林核查管理工作具有十分重要的价值。     

青枯菌的运动性野生型菌株的发现和鉴定

运用ＳＭＭ半固体平板法和悬滴法，检测了不同来源的青枯菌野生型菌株１０７株，发现３０株有明显运动性的青枯菌野生型菌株，这与在科学界沿用至今已有２０多年的青枯菌野生型菌株没在运动性＾「１１」的观点不相符。青枯菌的运动性分为爬行运动和游泳２种方式，具有爬行运动能力的青枯菌还表现游泳运动性。同时笔者对数个有运动性的野生型菌株进行了检测，鉴定，结果显示，被检测菌株的检测性状与前人测定的结果相符＾「１－４」。     

赤霉素对发育的大豆种子中同化物卸出和积累的影响

用微注射法将不同浓度的赤霉素 (GA3 )引入开花后 30 d的大豆种子幼胚的 2片子叶中间的质外体空间 ,同时给叶片饲喂 14 CO2 ,以种皮和子叶中放射性强度来比较分析 GA3 对同化物卸出的影响。分析了种皮和子叶中的酸性转化酶活性 ,发现 GA3 1× 10 -5mol.L-1使种皮中酸性转化酶活性提高而子叶中酶活性降低 ,从而促进种皮同化物的卸出和向子叶的分配。实验结果还表明 ,引入 GA3 影响了种子内源脱落酸 (ABA)水平 ,而且子叶中的 ABA含量变化和同化物积累相关 ,GA3 1× 10 -5mol.L-1使子叶中 ABA水平上升 ,伴随总糖、蔗糖和蛋白质的积累增加 ,GA3 1× 10 -4 mol.L-1却使 ABA水平下降 ,而且物质积累也减少     

Isolation and Analysis of Expansins from the Gossypium barbadense Cotton Elongating Fiber

Gossypium barbadense L.is one of the most valuable cotton species due to its silkiness,luster,long staple,and high strength.Transferring the excellent fiber traits from G.barbadense as the secondary gene pool to the widely cultivated G.hirsutum via traditional and molecular-aided selection is an attractive aim of breeders.     

Study on the Anti-Escherichia coli Activity and Mechanism of Water Extract of Radix isatidis Powder

In order to explore the antibacterial activity and mechanism of the Radix isatidis powder water extract,the effects of the Radix isatidis powder water extract on the morphology and structure of Escherichia coli (E.coli) were tested by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The effects of the Radix isatidis powder water extract on the conductivity and total leakage rate of E.coli and the content of alkaline phosphatase in the culture medium of the content of protein,DNA and RNA were stained by DAPI to detect the effect of the Radix isatidis powder water extract on the nucleic acid of E.coli,and the effect of the Radix isatidis powder water extract on the metabolism of E.coli in vivo,in vitro,ALT,AST,pyruvic acid and ATP.The results showed that after the Radix isatidis powder water extract acted on E.coli for 10 h,it was observed by SEM that the bacteria appeared to overflow and shrink,the length of the bacteria became shorter obviously,many residues were formed due to breakage,some of them were sunken in the middle and deformed.Under TEM,it was observed that the boundary of the cell wall of E.coli was unclear,the wall membrane was zigzag,deformed and some of the bacteria were broken.The protein content outside the cell was significantly different from that in the blank control group from 8 h (P<0.01), and that in the cell from 4 h (P<0.01). DNA content had no significant difference with blank control group before 12 h (P>0.05), but had significant difference with blank control group from 16 h (P<0.01); RNA content began to decrease at 8 h, and was significantly different from blank control group at 12 h (P<0.05), and was extremely significant from 16 h (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between ALT and AST (P>0.05). The pyruvate content in culture medium and bacteria was higher than that in blank control group, and the difference was very significant from 4 h (P<0.01). The ATP content in the culture medium was significantly different from that in the blank control group (P<0.01), and the ATP content in the cell was significantly different from that in the blank control group from 4 h (P<0.01).In conclusion,the Radix isatidis powder water extract could inhibit the synthesis and metabolism of bacterial genetic material and the content of pyruvate and ATP by destroying the integrity of cell wall and cell membrane.     

西藏地区牦牛源沙门菌耐药表型和基因型相关性分析及分子特征分析

为分析当前西藏地区牦牛源沙门菌耐药性与分子特征，本研究对源自西藏地区内的30株沙门菌牦牛粪便分离株，采用药敏纸片法测定相关菌株对β-内酰胺类，喹诺酮类和氨基糖苷类三大类共22种抗生素的耐药情况；采用PCR扩增的方式检测bla-_TEM、bla-_CTX和bla-_CMY等18种耐药基因，并采用卡方检验（Chi-square test）和费希尔精确检验（Fisher）分析耐药表型和耐药基因携带情况的相关性，将相关耐药基因进行扩增测序，并应用序列综合分析软件（CLC Sequence Viewer 7.5和MAGA7.0）分析β-内酰胺类耐药基因（bla-_TEM）和氨基糖苷类耐药基因（armA）编码翻译相关的氨基酸关键位置点位差异与耐药性的关系。结果表明：1）分离的30株沙门菌对于β-内酰胺类存在比较严重耐药现象，30株沙门菌对苯唑西林（OX）耐药占比最多，为60%，对青霉素（PG）、哌拉西林（PRL）、阿莫西林（AMX）、氨苄西林（AM）、羧苄西林（CB）、头孢氨苄（CN）、头孢呋辛（CXM）、头孢曲松（CRO）、头孢拉定（RAD）、头孢他啶（CAZ）、头孢哌酮（CFP）和头孢唑林（CZO）耐药率分别为56.67%、43.33%、40.00%、53.33%、53.33%、46.67%、56.67%、53.33%、50.00%、46.67%、56.67%和30.00%；对喹诺酮药物均为敏感；对氨基糖苷类药物中的链霉素（SM），耐药率为60.00%，卡那霉素（KAN）、妥布霉素（CAS）、阿米卡星（AKM）耐药率分别为13.33%、33.33%和30.00%。2）30株沙门菌的优势耐药谱型为PG/OX/PRL/AMX/AM/CB/SM。3）β-内酰胺类相关的耐药基因bla-_TEM携带率较高（53.30%，16/30），且bla-_TEM与β-内酰胺类药物对青霉素（PG）、苯唑西林（OX）、哌拉西林（PRL）、阿莫西林（AMX）、氨苄西林（AM）、羧苄西林（CB）、头孢氨苄（CN）、头孢呋辛（CXM）、头孢拉定（RAD）、头孢他啶（CAZ）和头孢哌酮（CFP）的耐药性相关性，呈现出显著相关（P＜0.05），氨基糖苷类相关耐药基因armA携带率为60%（18/30），且与妥布霉素（CAS）、链霉素（SM）、阿米卡星（AKM）的耐药性相关性，呈现出显著相关（P＜0.05）。4）部分bla-_TEM和armA编码翻译的氨基酸存在可能与沙门菌耐药能力有关的差异位点。综上，西藏地区沙门菌对β-内酰胺类药物和氨基糖苷类耐药情况形势十分严峻，西藏地区沙门菌对β-内酰胺类药物和氨基糖苷类药物耐药率高的原因是因为其携带耐药基因bla-_TEM和armA，且与氨基酸位点突变有关。本研究为加强对西藏地区牦牛源沙门菌耐药性监测提供理论依据。     

危害薤（藠头）的大蒜根螨防治药剂筛选

薤又称藠头,是我国特色蔬菜。近年来随着薤种植面积的扩大，大蒜根螨（RhizoglyphusalliiButetWang）对薤的为害也迅速加重。大蒜根螨群集于薤地下肉质鳞茎处取食为害，受害鳞茎细小，虫量高时鳞茎由外向内腐烂，干燥时外层表皮变褐；地上部表现生长缓慢，叶片细少、发黄，基部叶片逐渐黄枯并向心叶扩展，重发田块常断垄绝收。     

甘肃部分地区大家畜突然死亡原因调查

自1998年以来，我省陇东、陇南、天水、定西、临夏、兰州等地的部分县区出现一种以神经症状为主的家畜突然死亡的疾病，尤以大家畜最为显著。     

中职教学课堂导入方法探析

教学工作一直是"职业技术教育"的中心任务,学习是学生的第一要务和主导活动,课堂无疑是决定其知识构成的一个重要因素.本文是在调研和思考的基础上,从创新角度提出几点建议.