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排序方式: 共有124条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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This preliminary study investigated the potential role of staphylococcal superantigens in the pathogenesis of canine pyoderma. The staphylococcal enterotoxins A (SEA), SEB, SEC and SED, and the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) were assayed in isolates from skins of dogs with pyoderma. Culture supernatants from 25 of 96 isolates were positive for multiple superantigens, with SEA and SEC being the most frequently detected. In in vitro stimulation of canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells and quantitative flow cytometry revealed that low concentrations of SEA and SEB were potent stimulators of blastogenesis of T cells. 相似文献
24.
Oberstrass FC Auweter SD Erat M Hargous Y Henning A Wenter P Reymond L Amir-Ahmady B Pitsch S Black DL Allain FH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5743):2054-2057
The polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTB) is a 58-kilodalton RNA binding protein involved in multiple aspects of messenger RNA metabolism, including the repression of alternative exons. We have determined the solution structures of the four RNA binding domains (RBDs) of PTB, each bound to a CUCUCU oligonucleotide. Each RBD binds RNA with a different binding specificity. RBD3 and RBD4 interact, resulting in an antiparallel orientation of their bound RNAs. Thus, PTB will induce RNA looping when bound to two separated pyrimidine tracts within the same RNA. This leads to structural models for how PTB functions as an alternative-splicing repressor. 相似文献
25.
Maria L Pappas Colette Broekgaarden George D Broufas Merijn R Kant Gerben J Messelink Anke Steppuhn Felix Wäckers Nicole M van Dam 《Pest management science》2017,73(9):1780-1788
Biological control is an important ecosystem service delivered by natural enemies. Together with breeding for plant defence, it constitutes one of the most promising alternatives to pesticides for controlling herbivores in sustainable crop production. Especially induced plant defences may be promising targets in plant breeding for resistance against arthropod pests. Because they are activated upon herbivore damage, costs are only incurred when defence is needed. Moreover, they can be more specific than constitutive defences. Nevertheless, inducible defence traits that are harming plant pest organisms may interfere with biological control agents, such as predators and parasitoids. Despite the vast fundamental knowledge on plant defence mechanisms and their effects on natural enemies, our understanding of the feasibility of combining biological control with induced plant defence in practice is relatively poor. In this review, we focus on arthropod pest control and present the most important features of biological control with natural enemies and of induced plant defence. Furthermore, we show potential synergies and conflicts among them and, finally, identify gaps and list opportunities for their combined use in crop protection. We suggest that breeders should focus on inducible resistance traits that are compatible with the natural enemies of arthropod pests, specifically traits that help communities of natural enemies to build up. © 2017 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. 相似文献
26.
Anke Heyer H. Kristina Andersson Kerstin Lundström 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(1):55-64
Abstract This study aimed to compare different production systems, i.e., the combined effect of outdoor and indoor rearing of pigs and organic diets fed ad libitum or restrictively. Furthermore, the suitability of two breed crosses for outdoor rearing was studied. The effects on performance, carcass and technological quality traits were investigated. During two years, 240 pigs of Duroc x Large White (D*LW) and Swedish Landrace x Large White (L*LW) were allocated to three production systems: 1) Pigs kept outdoors, fed an organic diluted diet (20% alfalfa roughage) ad libitum; 2) Pigs kept outdoors, strategically fed a diluted organic diet up to a live weight of approximately 80 kg and thereafter an undiluted organic diet ad libitum; 3) Pigs kept indoors, fed an undiluted organic diet restrictively. For outdoor pigs, strategic feeding increased daily weight gain and backfat thickness, compared with feeding a diluted diet throughout (p≤0.01). L*LW pigs in both outdoor systems grew slower than in the indoor system (p≤0.001), whereas for D*LW pigs only outdoor pigs fed the diluted diet had a slower growth rate. Outdoor pigs had lower dressing percentage than indoor pigs. Glycogen content and L* values in M. longissimus dorsi were higher, whereas b* values were lower in meat from pigs in the indoor system. D*LW pigs had higher water-holding capacity (lower drip, thawing and cooking losses), lower shear force and higher intramuscular fat content compared with L*LW pigs. 相似文献
27.
Denoeud F Henriet S Mungpakdee S Aury JM Da Silva C Brinkmann H Mikhaleva J Olsen LC Jubin C Cañestro C Bouquet JM Danks G Poulain J Campsteijn C Adamski M Cross I Yadetie F Muffato M Louis A Butcher S Tsagkogeorga G Konrad A Singh S Jensen MF Cong EH Eikeseth-Otteraa H Noel B Anthouard V Porcel BM Kachouri-Lafond R Nishino A Ugolini M Chourrout P Nishida H Aasland R Huzurbazar S Westhof E Delsuc F Lehrach H Reinhardt R Weissenbach J Roy SW Artiguenave F Postlethwait JH Manak JR Thompson EM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2010,330(6009):1381-1385
Genomes of animals as different as sponges and humans show conservation of global architecture. Here we show that multiple genomic features including transposon diversity, developmental gene repertoire, physical gene order, and intron-exon organization are shattered in the tunicate Oikopleura, belonging to the sister group of vertebrates and retaining chordate morphology. Ancestral architecture of animal genomes can be deeply modified and may therefore be largely nonadaptive. This rapidly evolving animal lineage thus offers unique perspectives on the level of genome plasticity. It also illuminates issues as fundamental as the mechanisms of intron gain. 相似文献
28.
Kristina M Hettne Marissa de Mos Anke GJ de Bruijn Marc Weeber Scott Boyer Erik M van Mulligen Montserrat Cases Jordi Mestres Johan van der Lei 《Journal of Biomedical Discovery and Collaboration》2007,2(1):2
Background
Collaborative efforts of physicians and basic scientists are often necessary in the investigation of complex disorders. Difficulties can arise, however, when large amounts of information need to reviewed. Advanced information retrieval can be beneficial in combining and reviewing data obtained from the various scientific fields. In this paper, a team of investigators with varying backgrounds has applied advanced information retrieval methods, in the form of text mining and entity relationship tools, to review the current literature, with the intention to generate new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying a complex disorder. As an example of such a disorder the Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) was chosen. CRPS is a painful and debilitating syndrome with a complex etiology that is still unraveled for a considerable part, resulting in suboptimal diagnosis and treatment.Results
A text mining based approach combined with a simple network analysis identified Nuclear Factor kappa B (NFκB) as a possible central mediator in both the initiation and progression of CRPS.Conclusion
The result shows the added value of a multidisciplinary approach combined with information retrieval in hypothesis discovery in biomedical research. The new hypothesis, which was derived in silico, provides a framework for further mechanistic studies into the underlying molecular mechanisms of CRPS and requires evaluation in clinical and epidemiological studies.29.
Herbert A Gerry NP McQueen MB Heid IM Pfeufer A Illig T Wichmann HE Meitinger T Hunter D Hu FB Colditz G Hinney A Hebebrand J Koberwitz K Zhu X Cooper R Ardlie K Lyon H Hirschhorn JN Laird NM Lenburg ME Lange C Christman MF 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,312(5771):279-283
Obesity is a heritable trait and a risk factor for many common diseases such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and hypertension. We used a dense whole-genome scan of DNA samples from the Framingham Heart Study participants to identify a common genetic variant near the INSIG2 gene associated with obesity. We have replicated the finding in four separate samples composed of individuals of Western European ancestry, African Americans, and children. The obesity-predisposing genotype is present in 10% of individuals. Our study suggests that common genetic polymorphisms are important determinants of obesity. 相似文献
30.
Schröder A Hoedemaker M Klein G 《Berliner und Münchener tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2005,118(9-10):393-398
The data of 1692 susceptibility tests acquired from April 2003 through March 2004 in the mastitis laboratory of the Institute for Food Quality and Safety were summarized in order to help veterinarians confronted with acute mastitis in choosing the appropriate antibiotic. Two thirds of the milk samples were infected with gram-positive cocci. One third of these were identified as Streptococcus (S.) uberis, one fourth as Staphylococcus (S.) aureus. All isolates (100%) of S. uberis, S. dysgalactiae, S. agalactiae and Arcanobacterium pyogenes were susceptible to Penicillin and Ampicillin. Concering S. aureus, nearly 100% of the isolates were susceptible to Oxacillin, Cephalothin, Cefacetril, Cefquinom and Neomycin, but only 88% of the isolates were sensitive to Penicillin, Ampicillin and Cefoperazon. The gram-negative rods (Escherichia (E.) coli, Klebsiella spp. and Pseudomonas spp.) displayed an irregular resistance pattern. More than 93% of all examined isolates including Pseudomonas spp. were susceptible to Colistin. The sensitivity of E. coli and Klebsiella spp.to Marbofloxacin, Enrofloxacin and Cefquinom exceeded 96%. Thus, the susceptibility of gram-positive mastitis pathogens to common antibiotics is favourable. Because the highly effective Colistin is no longer approved for local therapy, the situation for gram-negative bacteria is more difficult. 相似文献