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71.
Selamectin, a novel avermectin compound, was evaluated for its efficacy against naturally occurring infestations of Psoroptes cuniculi and Sarcoptes scabiei. A total of 42 New Zealand rabbits with psoroptic mange and 37 Angora rabbits with sarcoptic mange were used in the present study. On day 0, infested rabbits were treated topically with either selamectin at minimum dose of 6 mg kg(-1) (6-18 mg kg(-1) for New Zealand rabbits, n = 31 and 10-12 mg kg(-1) for Angora rabbits, n = 23) or vehicle only (control groups, n = 11 for New Zealand rabbits, n = 14 for Angora rabbits). The efficacy of selamectin was assessed both clinically and parasitologically by the presence or absence of viable mites. Rabbits were scraped for sarcoptic mites on days 7, 14, 28, 42 and 56 and had otoscopeic and/or microscopic examination for the detection of Psoroptes mites on days 7, 14, 42 and 56. Fisher's exact test was used to assess differences between the vehicle and selamectin treatment in the number of rabbits without mites (cure rates) on each assessment date. It was found that significantly fewer selamectin-treated rabbits had mites detected on skin scrapings (for S. scabiei) or otoscopeic and/or microscopic examination (for P. cuniculi) (P < 0.01) than the vehicle group. Results of the present study suggest that selamectin is effective against naturally infestations of P. cuniculi and S. scabiei in rabbits. 相似文献
72.
Koratigere Parameshanayka Devaraja Ranjith Kumar Ellur Pankaj Ashok K. Singh Anumanahalli Puttasawamy Abhishek Gowda Anil Sirohi 《Plant pathology》2023,72(1):179-194
The rice root-knot nematode (RRKN), Meloidogyne graminicola, is one of the major pests of the rice–wheat cropping system. Resistance against M. graminicola in rice could be most valuable in alleviating this problem. The host response of 75 Oryza genotypes was examined at three day/night temperature regimes, 29/26°C, 34/31°C and 38/35°C, in Pluronic gel as well as in soil. Out of the 75 selected rice genotypes, only Zhenshan 97 B exhibited high resistance to this set of temperature regimes, with the least number of galls/root system. At 34/31°C, more second-stage juveniles (J2s) were hatched and J2 population densities in roots of the susceptible rice genotypes increased significantly compared with those of plants grown at the 29/26°C. In resistant genotypes, only a few J2s penetrated roots and developed into mature females. The histopathological studies revealed that in susceptible rice genotypes at high-temperature regimes, the multinucleate giant cells were well developed. The results presented in this study revealed that an increase in temperature had a significant effect on the resistance of rice genotypes and resistance appeared more pronounced in genotype Zhenshan 97 B. This resistant genotype can be used in marker-assisted selection to develop resistant elite cultivars. 相似文献
73.
Anthocyanins in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wines were elucidated by HPLC-MS/MS. Major anthocyanins in Cabernet Sauvignon grape extract are malvidin 3-O-glucoside and malvidin 3-O-acetylglucoside. In matured wine, anthocyanins are transformed to anthocyanin-vinyl derivatives, ethyl bridged anthocyanin-flavanol adducts, and anthocyanin-flavanol adducts. The major anthocyanin pigments are malvidin 3-O-glucoside-pyruvate, malvidin 3-O-acetylglucoside-pyruvate, malvidin 3-O-coumaroylglucoside-pyruvate, malvidin 3-O-glucoside-4-vinylphenol, malvidin 3-O-acetylglucoside-4-vinylphenol, and malvidin 3-O-coumaroylglucoside-4-vinylphenol. The presence of syringetin 3-O-glucoside and syringetin 3-O-acetylglucoside has been established for the first time in grape and wine. 相似文献
74.
AbstractTo harness the benefits of system of rice intensification (SRI) coupled with short-duration rice-hybrids, 10 multi-location “On-Farm-Trials” were conducted during 2007–2012 in Himachal Pradesh, India. The study revealed that rice-hybrids were more productive with higher resource-use-efficiency than high-yielding-varieties (HYVs) both under conventional-transplanting (CT) and SRI. The Arize-6129 rice-hybrid exhibited wider adaptability for CT and SRI under varying bio-physical regimes. Arize-6129 rice-hybrid under SRI in rainfed medium-fertility, irrigated medium-fertility and irrigated high-fertility situations yielded about 6.75–6.88, 7.00–7.86, and 7.58-8.32 t grains ha?1, respectively; with respective net returns of INR 48,517–49,761, 57,240–62,603 and 64,333–66,748?ha?1. After Arize-6129, “Swift,” “US-312,” and “PAC-801” are the alternate options for SRI-cultivation. Adoption of SRI using short-duration rice-hybrids under participator-mode technology-transfer program, led to higher net income gains by 29.4% over CT in study area. Overall, SRI using short-duration rice-hybrids has provided new opportunities to enhance rice productivity and profitability to transform rural-livelihoods in wet-temperate NW Himalayas. 相似文献
75.
K. A. Gopinath Supradip Saha B. L. Mina Harit Pande Narendra Kumar Anil K. Srivastva 《Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science》2013,59(2):157-167
The identification of suitable crop varieties that respond best to organic management is the key to achieving better crop yields. A field experiment was conducted during the winter season of 2005–2006 and 2006–2007 at Almora (Indian Himalayas) to evaluate the performance of five varieties of garden pea (Pisum sativum L.) and changes in the soil properties under organic and integrated nutrient management (INM) systems. The yield reduction under organic management was 14.4% in 2005–2006 and 10.1% in 2006–2007 compared with INM. Among the garden pea varieties ‘Vivek Matar 9’, ‘Vivek Matar 8’ and ‘Azad pea 1’ produced similar but significantly higher pod yield compared to other varieties. The soil pH, organic carbon, and microbial activities in terms of dehydrogenase and phosphatase (acid and alkaline) were higher in the plots under organic management compared to INM. The latter, however, had higher activity of urease, and N, P, and K contents in soil. We conclude that at least 15–20% price premium for organic garden pea may be required to offset the higher cost of cultivation and low yields under organic production system. Among the garden pea varieties, ‘Azad pea 1’, ‘Vivek Matar 8’ and ‘Vivek Matar 9’ were found suitable for organic cultivation. 相似文献
76.
Vineet Kumar Anil K. GangwarDayamon D. Mathew MVSc Raja A. AhamadAbhishek C. Saxena MVSc Naveen Kumar MVSc PhD 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013
The aim of the present study was to evaluate acellular dermal matrix (ADM) of rat origin for the repair of ventral hernia in horses. The skin from rats, to be used as a graft, was de-epithelialized using hypertonic solution and further decellularized with 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 0.25% tri-(n-butyl)-phosphate. Under general anesthesia, the hernial ring was exposed and repaired with the ADM graft using inlay graft technique. Blood samples were collected at postimplantation days 0, 15, and 30 and were used for sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis to assess the serum protein concentration of the animals, as well as for gelatin zymography for the identification of matrix metalloproteinases. All animals had an uneventful recovery without clinical signs of wound dehiscence, infection, or recurrence of hernias during 6-month follow-up period. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of concentration of the serum proteins revealed that this was increased at day 15 and had decreased again at day 30. Gelatin zymography showed only one major band of 92 kDa in the serum of all the horses with the implant, but the relative amount of 92 kDa was higher at day 15 as compared with day 0 and day 30. It may be concluded that ADM of rat origin can be used safely in horses for repair of ventral hernia. 相似文献
77.
Ashok Shukla Anil Kumar Anuradha Jha Ajit D. V. K. Nageswara Rao 《Biology and Fertility of Soils》2012,48(1):109-116
The study was conducted to investigate the effect of phosphorus (P) concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μg g−1) on growth and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization of two crops (a rainy season crop, Phaseolus mungo Roxb. var. PU-35 and a winter crop, Triticum aestivum L. var. WH-147) and seedlings of two multipurpose tree species (Eucalyptus tereticornis Sm. [Clone C-7, ITC, Bhadrachalam] and Albizia procera Benth.). Plant growth parameters (shoot length, dry weight) and P uptake increased significantly after inoculations with
AM fungi (Acaulospora scrobiculata Trappe, Glomus cerebriforme McGee, and Glomus intraradices Schenck and Smith) in P. mungo, T. aestivum, E. tereticornis, and A. procera. Best results were obtained with G. cerebriforme in P. mungo and A. procera, and A. scrobiculata in T. aestivum, and G. intraradices in E. tereticornis. Results on effect of P application on mycorrhizal dependency (MD) of studied crop and tree species showed that decrease
in MD with increase in P concentrations in non-nitrogen-fixing species (T. aestivum and E. tereticornis) was higher than in nitrogen-fixing species (P. mungo and A. procera). Threshold P concentrations for maximum benefits from the AM symbiosis in above-mentioned plant species varied from 5 to
20 μg g−1 and corresponding peaks of arbuscules, vesicles, sporocarp formation, colonization index, and spore count per 100 g sand
were noticed. Thus, the results showed that the recorded plant growth peaks were due to AM colonization of crops and tree
rhizosphere. Inoculations with AMF were more important than P application (explaining 14–78% variation in plant growth) for
P. mungo, T. aestivum, and A. procera (forward selection method), whereas P application was more important for growth in E. tereticornis. Therefore, inoculating plants with a suitable AM inoculant could result in a benefit comparable to high P input and lead
to a significant saving of inorganic P fertilizer. 相似文献
78.
Variability in microsatellite DNA markers in gynogenetic and backcross progenies obtained from ornamental (koi) carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) × goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) hybrid females 下载免费PDF全文
Inheritance and segregation at five microsatellite loci were studied in diploid gynogenetic and triploid backcross progenies obtained from koi × goldfish hybrid females, which produce diploid eggs. Gynogenetic and backcross progenies were obtained from three individual hybrid females by inseminating eggs with genetically inactivated and intact sperm of parental species respectively; no shock treatments were applied to the early embryos. Complete absence of paternally specific alleles at all investigated microsatellite loci has proven successful genetic inactivation of spermatozoa by irradiation and confirmed gynogenetic origin of progenies. Genotypic segregations at microsatellite loci showed almost complete homogeneity of gynogenetic progenies and their identity to female parents. These results correspond with previous cytogenetic data on the occurrence of premeiotic endomitosis in hybrid females producing diploid eggs. Fish from triploid backcross progenies had genotypes resulting from combination of entire diploid female genome and haploid genome from male. 相似文献
79.
Indivar Prasad G. Gururaja Rao Anil R. Chinchmalatpure Shrvan Kumar Nikam Vinayak Ramesh Chandrakant Singh 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2016,47(16):1930-1939
Maize is categorized as a salt-sensitive crop and identification of fairly salt-tolerant lines is of paramount importance for increasing its production on saline soils. Experiments were conducted in randomized block design with three replications to identify maize accessions showing response to saline water irrigation, traits imparting tolerance, and their effect on yield attributes of maize. Significant variation was present among genotypes for specific leaf area (SLA), potassium (K) content, cob characteristics, yield, biomass, and harvest index. High amount of heritability with large genetic advance indicated the presence of additive gene action for traits like leaf water potential and leaf dry weight. Association analysis revealed high correlation between key traits and direct as well as positive effect of these traits on yield. Principal component analysis resolved three principal components, and high leaf area and water potential were conferring salt tolerance and thus higher yield. 相似文献
80.
Dev K Gautam SK Giri SK Kumar A Yadav A Verma V Kumar P Singh B 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(2):743-748
Heterogeneous amniotic fluid contains various cell types. The aim of this study was to characterize and differentiate some of the key stemness attributes of the amniotic fluid-derived cells in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). The amniotic fluid (AF) cells were cultured without feeder cells, in DMEM containing 15% FBS, 1% non-essential amino acids, 1% penicillin/streptomycin/ampicillin, 1% vitamin solution, and 1% l-glutamine in 5% CO(2) in humidified air at 38.5±0.5 °C. After 6 days of culture different types of cells viz., star shaped (62.7%), spherical without nucleus (1.9%), spherical with nucleus (26.4%), pentagonal (0.4%), and free floating/rounded cells (8.3%) were observed. Most of the cells started anchorage-dependent growth after day 7 of the culture. Expression of alkaline phosphatase (AP) and Oct-4, Nestin and FGF-5 were observed from the AF cells at different passages. Using species-specific primers, a PCR amplicon of 200, 296 and 210 bp were observed for Oct-4, Nestin and FGF-5, respectively. The cells were found to have a normal karyotype at different passages. These results may contribute towards establishing non-embryonic pluripotent stem cells for various therapeutic and reproductive biotechnological applications in the species. 相似文献