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Saalem Adera Aleksandra Drizo Eamon Twohig Keshav Jagannathan Gaboury Benoit 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2018,229(3):100
Pollutant removal was compared among subsurface flow constructed wetland (CW) mesocosms used for dairy farm wastewater treatment. Supplemental aeration, flow direction, and the use of phosphorus-reducing filters (PRFs) were varied among the CWs. The following were compared: (1) vertical flow CWs with and without supplemental aeration, (2) aerated CWs with horizontal and vertical flow directions, (3) single-cell and two-cell treatment systems, and (4) wetland-wetland systems (two CWs in series) and wetland-PRF systems (a CW followed by a PRF). The results from this investigation showed that, first, nearly all treatment strategies, either singly or in pairs, substantially reduced almost all the contaminants we tested. Second, supplemental aeration resulted in higher ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N) removal efficiencies in aerated vertical flow CWs, compared to unaerated CWs. However, it caused no further improvement in dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP), total suspended solids (TSS), E. coli, or BOD5 removal. Third, there was no difference between aerated horizontal and aerated vertical flow CWs in removal of any of the tested contaminants. Fourth, adding a second stage of treatment significantly improved DRP, TSS, E. coli, and NH4-N removal, but not BOD5. Finally, treatment systems with PRFs showed superior performance in DRP and E. coli removal. 相似文献
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Ivan BALÁŽ Michał BOGDZIEWICZ Sylwia DZIEMIAN-ZWOLAK Carlotta LO PRESTI Aleksandra WRÓBEL Milena ZDUNIAK Rafał ZWOLAK 《Integrative zoology》2023,18(3):440-452
Mast seeding causes strong fluctuations in populations of forest animals. Thus, this phenomenon can be used as a natural experiment to examine how variation in host abundance affects parasite loads. We investigated fleas infesting yellow-necked mice in beech forest after 2 mast and 2 non-mast years. We tested 2 mutually exclusive scenarios: (1) as predicted by classical models of density-dependent transmission, an increase in host density will cause an increase in ectoparasite abundance (defined as the number of parasites per host), versus (2) an increase in host density will cause a decline in flea abundance (“dilution,” which is thought to occur when parasite population growth is slower than that of the host). In addition, we assessed whether masting alters the relationship between host traits (sex and body mass) and flea abundance. We found a hump-shaped relationship between host and flea abundance. Thus, the most basic predictions are too simple to describe ectoparasite dynamics in this system. In addition, masting modified seasonal dynamics of flea abundance, but did not affect the relationship between host traits and flea abundance (individuals with the highest body mass hosted the most fleas; after controlling for body mass, parasite abundance did not vary between sexes). Our results demonstrate that pulses of tree reproduction can indirectly, through changes in host densities, drive patterns of ectoparasite infestation. 相似文献
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Adomas A Heller G Li G Olson A Chu TM Osborne J Craig D van Zyl L Wolfinger R Sederoff R Dean RA Stenlid J Finlay R Asiegbu FO 《Tree physiology》2007,27(10):1441-1458
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Cornelia Adlhoch Aleksandra Miteva Anna Zdravkova Tihana Miki Draen Kneevic Sokratis Perdikaris Krzysztof
mietanka Edyta
wito Vilem Kopriva Martin Chudý Luis Jose Romero Gonzlez Ines Moreno Gil Annica Walln Norell Frank Verdonck 《Zoonoses and public health》2019,66(7):874-878
We estimated that more than 11,000 people were exposed to highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in EU/EEA countries over the outbreak period October 2016–September 2018 by cross‐linking data submitted by Member States to European Food Safety Authority and EMPRES‐i. A stronger framework for collecting human exposure data is required. 相似文献
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Aleksandra Zarzyńska-Nowak Beata Hasiów-Jaroszewska Daria Budzyńska Katarzyna Trzmiel 《Plant pathology》2020,69(6):1034-1041
Tomato black ring virus (TBRV), a member of the Nepovirus genus, is a serious plant pathogen distributed worldwide. It causes significant damage to several economically important crops, such as artichoke or strawberry. The TBRV bipartite genome consists of two polyadenylated single-stranded positive-sense RNA molecules, which may be accompanied by subviral particles such as defective interfering RNAs (DI RNAs) and satellite RNAs (satRNAs). In this study, we obtained the complete genome sequence of six TBRV isolates originating from different hosts and determined the presence of eight TBRV satRNAs. Subsequently, genetic variability, recombination, phylogenetic and selection pressure analyses were performed. The results revealed that the TBRV population is genetically diverse. The occurrence of potential recombination events, evidence of positive selection pressure acting on particular codons and the diversification of satRNAs within the TBRV population indicated that the virus mutates and can rapidly adapt to new environmental conditions or hosts. The presented data shed some light on TBRV evolutionary dynamics and epidemiology. 相似文献
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Maxim S. Kokoulin Lyudmila A. Romanenko Aleksandra S. Kuzmich Oleg Chernikov 《Marine drugs》2021,19(12)
Two cell-wall-associated polysaccharides were isolated and purified from the deep-sea marine bacterium Devosia submarina KMM 9415T, purified by ultracentrifugation and enzymatic treatment, separated by chromatographic techniques, and studied by sugar analyses and NMR spectroscopy. The first polysaccharide with a molecular weight of about 20.7 kDa was found to contain d-arabinose, and the following structure of its disaccharide repeating unit was established: →2)-α-d-Araf-(1→5)-α-d-Araf-(1→. The second polysaccharide was shown to consist of d-galactose and a rare component of bacterial glycans-d-xylulose: →3)-α-d-Galp-(1→3)-β-d-Xluf-(1→. 相似文献
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Cerkvenik-Flajs V Grabnar I Kozuh Erzen N Marc I Antonić J Vergles-Rataj A Kuzner J Pogacnik M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(23):9733-9738
Abamectin (ABM) has been used worldwide as an anthelmintic drug in veterinary medicine and as an agricultural pesticide. Its pharmacokinetics and permeation into milk was evaluated in dairy sheep after subcutaneous administration. ABM elimination half-lives and mean residence times were 1.7 and 3.7 days for blood plasma and 1.9 and 3.8 days for milk, respectively. The ABM milk to plasma concentration ratio (0.89) primarily depends on milk fat content. Transfer of ABM residues to suckling lambs was evaluated by determination of ABM concentration time courses in lambs' plasma. Mean maximal concentration in lambs was 1.6 microg L(-1) at 3.3 days, and elimination half-life was 2.7 days. In ewes' plasma and milk, ABM was detected up to 23 days. Because of different pharmacokinetics, ABM exposure in lambs was almost 10% of the exposure in ewes, although the amount excreted in milk was only 1.0% of the dose. 相似文献
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Andreyeva Aleksandra Yu. Kladchenko Ekaterina S. Sudnitsyna Julia S. Krivchenko Aleksander I. Mindukshev Igor V. Gambaryan Stepan 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2021,47(4):1105-1117
Fish Physiology and Biochemistry - Activation of the cAMP pathway by β-adrenergic stimulation and cGMP pathway by activation of guanylate cyclase substantially affects red blood cell (RBC)... 相似文献