全产业链视角下柳州螺蛳粉农业产业化联合体发展探析

为进一步建强、壮大柳州螺蛳粉全产业链,针对原材料生产供应短板的问题,探索由重点龙头企业牵头组建柳州螺蛳粉农业产业化联合体,带动其它涉农企业、村集体经济合作社、农民专业合作社等经营的全产业链组织经营模式.根据柳州螺蛳粉全产业链最终产品流向,研究建立了柳州螺蛳粉商超驱动和实体店驱动的农业产业化联合体两种经典模式.实践表明,...     

聚合酶链反应检测猪细小病毒的研究

本研究成功地建立了检测猪细小病毒（ＰＰＶ）的聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术。以１６个核苷酸引物对首次完成了ＰＰＶＤＮＡ结构蛋白ＶＰ１编码区２２８ｂｐ片段的扩增。同样数目的另一引物对，也成功扩增了Ｖｐ２编码区１５８ｂｐＤＮＡ片段。ＰＰＶＢＭ－１株与其它国内分离株（广西株、天津株和哈尔滨株）均出现相同扩增结果。琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示了特异条带（ＶＰ１２２８ｂｐ．Ｖｐ２１５８ｂｐ），而伪狂犬病病毒、犬细小病毒均未扩增，表明了本方法的特异性。同时，限制性内切酶分析（Ｖｐ１２２８ｂｐ及Ｖｐ２１５８ｂｐ分别含单一ＰｖｕⅡ、ＥｃｏＲⅠ位点），也证实了特异性。本方法敏感性高，可检出１０ｆｇ模板ＤＮＡ。既可作样品的快速检测，又能检查细胞系的污染。具有特异、简便、快速的优点。     

Effect of ammonia and nitrite on vigour,survival rate,moulting rate of the blue swimming crab <Emphasis Type=Italic>Portunus pelagicus</Emphasis> zoea

The effects of ammonia and nitrite on vigour, survival rate, moulting rate of zoea of blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus, were studied. A total of five nitrite-N treatments (26.67, 53.34, 106.68, 213.36, 426.72 mg/l) and a control (no nitrite-N added) were set up for the acute nitrite-N toxicity experiment; a total of five ammonia-N treatments (8.43, 16.86, 33.72, 67.44, 134.88 mg/l) and a control (no ammonia-N added) were set up for the acute ammonia-N toxicity experiment. The results showed that the vigour, survival rate and moulting rate of zoea of the blue swimming crabs exposed to over 53.34 mg/l were significantly different (P < 0.05) from the control group. The zoea LC₅₀ values (mg/l) of nitrite-N were 179.47, 76.56, 66.70, 37.49, 25.01, 25.35, 25.34 mg/l for 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 h, respectively. The vigour, survival rate and moulting rate of zoea of the blue swimming crabs exposed to over 16.86 mg/l were significantly different (P < 0.05) from the control group. The zoea LC₅₀ values (mg/l) of ammonia-N were 51.04, 39.62, 38.72, 24.43, 16.90, 13.42, 11.16 mg/l for 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96 h, respectively. The zoeae are highly sensitive to ammonia and nitrite, and the toxicity of ammonia and nitrite on Portunus pelagicus decrease with development of this crab.     

科技期刊编辑应具备的素质刍议

编辑是科技期刊出版工作的主角，其思维方式左右着科技期刊的总体设计，他对科技期刊出版的全过程、科技期刊的内容质量、论文的取舍起着决定性的作用。本文通过分析编辑对科技期刊出版的影响，指出编辑的素质是影响科技期刊质量的关键，并论述了在新时期下，为了提高科技期刊的质量，科技期刊编辑须具备以下素质：有较高的政治素质及良好的职业道德；有一定的学术水平和相关的专业知识；拥有广博的知识、必要的文学修养；掌握编辑出版专业知识；有一定的社会活动和组织能力等。     

Protective efficacy of a live attenuated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine with an ISCOM-matrix adjuvant in pigs

An attenuated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccine that requires intrathoracic administration is commercially available for use against mycoplasmal pneumonia in China. Given the limitations of such a route of administration, this study was undertaken to assess the capacity of an ISCOM-matrix adjuvant to enhance immunogenicity following intramuscular use. Immune responses in pigs following vaccination and subsequent intra-tracheal bacterial inoculation were examined using lymphocyte proliferation, serology and mucosal IgA in both nasal and saliva swabs.Vaccination induced clear lymphocyte proliferation, but only slight serum antibody responses although these were significantly increased following experimental infection. Mucosal IgA was not detected in either nasal or salivary secretions. Following bacterial challenge, animals vaccinated with the adjuvant-containing live vaccine exhibited less severe pulmonary lesions (median score 3.67) than unvaccinated pigs (median score 13.58). The degree of ciliary loss on the respiratory tract surface was reduced in vaccinated pigs compared with experimentally infected controls. The findings indicated that the adjuvant vaccine administered IM provided protection against experimentally induced mycoplasmal pneumonia and could have commercial potential.     

银中杨、玉簪落叶生物质炭对Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Cr~(6+)吸附的影响因素

为探讨银中杨、玉簪落叶所制备生物质炭对水体Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和Cr~(6+)吸附规律的差异及影响因素,采用限氧裂解法将银中杨及玉簪落叶制成生物质炭,并以此为吸附载体研究其在不同初始离子质量浓度、pH值、Na+浓度及接触时间等因素影响下对Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和Cr~(6+)的吸附。结果表明:随着初始Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和Cr~(6+)质量浓度的增加(0~800 mg·L~(-1)),落叶生物质炭对相应重金属离子的吸附量也增加。将初始质量浓度设置在0~200 mg·L~(-1),生物质炭对3种金属离子的吸附量由大到小表现为Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)、Cr~(6+),然而,将初始离子质量浓度提升至300~800 mg·L~(-1),吸附量由大到小表现为Pb~(2+)、Cr~(6+)、Cd~(2+);溶液pH值由2增至8,可使Pb~(2+)和Cd~(2+)在生物质炭表面的吸附率得到迅速提升,然而,生物质炭对Cr~(6+)的吸附率在整个pH值变化范围则呈渐趋降低的趋势;随着Na+浓度增加(0~0.6 mol·L~(-1)),落叶生物质炭对3种金属离子所表现的吸附规律各不相同,其中,对Pb~(2+)的吸附量先下降而后渐趋升高,对Cd~(2+)的吸附量逐渐下降,而对Cr~(6+)的吸附量则表现为先增加而后下降。Na+离子浓度由0 mol·L~(-1)提升至0.6 mol·L~(-1)可使生物质炭对Pb~(2+)和Cd~(2+)的吸附量分别降低16.8%和97.1%,相反,对Cr~(6+)吸附量却有所促进,使其增加55.6%;生物质炭对初始质量浓度为400 mg·L~(-1)的Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)和Cr~(6+)吸附的数量随接触时间延长(0~1 440min)而逐渐增加,相同条件下由大到小表现为Pb~(2+)、Cr~(6+)、Cd~(2+);生物质炭对Pb~(2+)、Cd~(2+)的吸附主要以电性吸附为主,而专性吸附则为生物质炭吸附Cr~(6+)的主要机制。     

花岗岩崩岗崩积体颗粒组成及分形特征

崩岗崩积体土质疏松,抗侵蚀能力弱,其颗粒组成及分形维数有其自身的特性。采用激光粒度分布仪对花岗岩崩岗崩积体及崩壁土样的颗粒进行测定,对其土壤颗粒组成及分形特征进行比较分析。结果如下:崩积体土壤以砾石、砂粒、粉粒含量为主,黏粒含量极低,土壤质地主要为砾石土;崩积体各层次土壤颗粒分形维数均值为2.61～2.70,分形维数值较低,反映了其细颗粒损失情况;黏粒含量是影响土壤颗粒分形维数的主要因素;崩壁土体的颗粒分形维数大小能够表征土壤的理化特征,而崩积体土壤颗粒分形维数无法真实反映崩积体的理化性质。     

水分胁迫对不同木薯品种叶片生理生化的影响

木薯作为一种重要的亚热带粮食/能源作物,备受重视。为了探索水分胁迫对不同木薯品种的影响,对3个木薯栽培品种进行了不同梯度的干旱处理,利用相关及判别分析方法研究其相关生理生化指标与木薯抗旱性的关系。结果表明,随着水分胁迫强度的增加,不同木薯品种Fv/Fm有不同程度的降低,测试品种中SC124降低幅度最大,SC5变化最小;ABA含量则有所增强,变化幅度因供试品种而异,SC124变化最为显著,SC5增强幅度最小。本次测试的木薯3个品种的抗旱能力显示,SC5相对较耐干旱,SC124相对不耐干旱。     

山药新品种‘桂淮6 号’

 ‘桂淮6 号’是从广西山药资源中选育而得。该品种早熟, 高产, 铁、锌含量高, 分别达20.2 mg/ kg 和12.0 mg/ kg , 薯皮鲜红色。