五龙鹅蛋用系及快长系体重与血清中GPT、LDH活力相关性研究

对9周龄蛋用系及快长系五龙鹅血清中GPT及LDH活力进行测定,比较两组鹅间两种酶活力高低,分析酶活力与相应周龄体重的表型相关.结果表明蛋用系与快长系五龙鹅体重存在显著差异(P＜0.05),而GPT和LDH活力差异不显著(P＞0.05).相关分析发现,两种鹅的GPT和LDH活力与体重无一致的相关性,品系间、公母间结果差异较大,相关不显著.但快长系GPT活力高于蛋用系,蛋用系LDH活力高于快长系;两种酶活力公鹅有高于母鹅的趋势.     

根据雏鸡血清酶活性对蛋鸡进行早期选种的研究

本研究测定了147只8、12周龄S220母雏血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、谷草转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性,估测其遗传力及其与产蛋性能间的表型相关和遗传相关。结果表明,8周龄血清AKP活性遗传力为0.62,300日龄产蛋量遗传力为0.20,两者间的遗传相关为0.8245。利用8周龄血清AKP活性作为辅助性状对300日龄产蛋量进行间接选择,其间接选择效率为个体选择的1.4519倍,为家系选择的1.4837倍,为合并选择的1.1887倍。因此,8周龄血清AKP活性可作为蛋鸡早期选种血液生化指标之一。     

乳牛血清钙磷乘积与骨密度的关系

对３０头乳牛的血清钙，血清无机磷和骨密度值进行了测定，并进行了钙磷乘积与骨密度值的相关分析，研究表明，血清钙磷乘积为３２（２８～３４）时，骨密度增加最少，其增加值与血清钙，钙磷比值呈显著负相关，钙磷乘积为３８（３５～４０）时，骨密度增加最多，其增加值与血清钙，钙磷化呈极显著负相关，与血清无机磷呈显著性相关，钙磷乘积为５５（４１～１０４）时，骨密度增加居第二位，其增加值与血清钙，血清无机磷，钙磷乘积     

Effects of berberine on the growth performance,antioxidative capacity and immune response to lipopolysaccharide challenge in broilers

This study evaluated the effects of berberine on growth performance, immunity, haematological parameters, antioxidant capacity, and the expression of immune response‐related genes in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐challenged broilers. We assigned 120 one‐day‐old male broilers (Ross 308) to two treatment groups; each group included two subgroups, each of which included six replicates of five birds per replicate. The experiment used a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with berberine treatment (0 or 60 mg/kg dietary) and challenge status [injection of saline (9 g/L w/v) or LPS (1.5 mg/kg body weight)] as the main factors. On days 14, 16, 18 and 20, broilers were intraperitoneally injected with LPS or physiological saline. Blood and liver samples were collected on day 21. Dietary berberine supplementation significantly alleviated the compromised average daily gain and average daily feed intake (p < 0.05) caused by LPS. The LPS challenge led to increased lymphocyte and white blood cell (WBC) counts, malondialdehyde (serum and liver) content, and immunoglobulin G and M, tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) expression (p < 0.05) and significantly reduced serum total superoxide dismutase (T‐SOD) activity (p < 0.05). Dietary berberine significantly mitigated the LPS‐induced decreases in the mRNA expression of nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB), TNF‐α, IL‐1β, inducible nitrite synthase and cyclooxygenase‐2 (p < 0.05) in the liver. In conclusion, berberine supplementation has a positive effect on LPS challenge, which may be related to the increase in antioxidant enzyme activity and inhibition of both NF‐κB signalling and the expression of inflammatory mediators.     

水解蜂蛹蛋白对大鼠免疫功能的影响

为了研究水解蜂蛹蛋白对大鼠免疫功能的影响及性别之间的差异,选用50只3周龄SD大鼠随机分成2组,分别灌胃蜂蛹蛋白粉和经消化酶水解的蜂蛹蛋白4周.结果表明,饲喂水解蜂蛹蛋白雌鼠胸腺指数比对照组提高30.00%(p＜0.05),雄鼠脾脏指数比对照组提高8.33%(p＜0.05),而雌鼠脾脏指数和雄鼠胸腺指数与对照组无显著差异.饲喂水解蜂蛹蛋白组雌鼠和雄鼠血清IgG的含量分别比对照组增加21.82%(p＜0.05)和41.34%(P＜0.05);雌鼠血清IgA含量比对照组增加52.78%(0＜0.01).结果提示,水解蜂蛹蛋白有增强大鼠的免疫功能的作用,且存在一定的性别差异.     

黄芩注射液的制备工艺及质量标准的初步研究

目的:研制以黄芩和柴胡为主药的注射剂,并建立质量控制标准。方法:以传统的水提醇沉法制备该注射剂,采用薄层色谱法对黄芩甙进行鉴定,并用紫外分光光度法测定黄芩甙的含量。结果:采用水提醇沉法制备得到的该注射剂符合药典关于注射剂的各项检查。实验结果表明:黄芩苷含量在1.6μg/mL～8.0μg/mL与吸光度成良好的线性关系,相关系数0.9996,平均回收率99.4%,相对标准偏差为0.6%(n=5)。黄芩甙的薄层色谱鉴别,薄层色谱斑点清晰、空白无干扰,重现性好。结论:该制剂生产工艺简单,质量标准简单易行,产品质量容易控制。     

武威市兽药经营中存在的问题与监管思路

1兽药经营现状分析武威市是一个农牧业生产发达地区,畜禽养殖总量超过1421.69万头(只),四县区均为全省牛、羊和生猪生产大县。同时也是甘肃省最大的兽药生产基地和使用地,现有通过GMP认证的兽药生产企业2家     

早期妊娠猕猴孕激素水平的检测

利用全自动化学发光免疫分析仪检测正常未妊娠的与不同孕期猕猴血清中雌二醇及孕酮的分泌水平。结果表明孕5d、10d、25d、30d血清孕酮比正常猕猴的分泌水平有非常明显的上升（P〈0.01）,孕15d也有显著的上升（P〈0.05）;孕15d、20d的雌二醇分泌水平比正常组有非常显著升高（P〈0.01）,而孕5d、10d、2...     

可怕的“生物入侵”

１ 生物入侵危害惊人 生物学家认为，生物入侵比直接危害人类健康的疾病更可怕。给英国养牛业造成毁灭性打击的疯牛病现在在比利时、法国、德国、爱尔兰、瑞士和葡萄牙均有报道。口蹄疫是一种全球范围内最具感染性的动物疾病之一，且很难被消灭。这种病毒主要通过直接接触或通过消化道、呼吸道传染，包括羊，牛和猪在内的偶蹄动物可以感染这种病毒。此病危害性极大，１９９７年台湾屠宰了３８０万头猪，损失达数十亿美元；韩国、日本和阿根廷则损失了大约７０万头牛。 西尼罗河脑炎是一种人兽共患病，已造成纽约地区７人死亡。这种病毒源朗…     

Soil properties and their spatial pattern in an oasis on the lower reaches of the Tarim River, northwest China

In this study, classical, geostatistical methods and a geographical information system have been used to identify soil properties including soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (total N), salt content (SC) and soil moisture (SM), and their spatial variation as well as their relationships with groundwater, land use, and soil texture. The data came from 36 soil samples from 0 to 20 cm depth, and 36 groundwater samples in the Tikanlik Oasis on the lower reaches of the Tarim River, northwest China. The objective was to provide a scientific basis for understanding the heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of soil properties on a large scale with the goal of accelerating the sustainable development of agriculture in the oasis. The results showed that the SC and SM of the surface soil varied greatly, but the SOC and total N varied very little. A possible reason for the low variability of SOC and total N was the relatively consistent human activities within the typical agricultural oasis with more than 75% land used as cropland and orchards, because there was no significant effect of land use types on soil total N and SOC. Geostatistical analysis and the kriging estimator showed that SC and SM had a strong spatial autocorrelation. One-way ANOVA and LSD suggested that land use was the main structural indicator that resulted in the spatial autocorrelation of SC and SM within the 0-20 cm soil depth through its significant differences in soil texture, irrigation and groundwater. In particular, croplands and orchards had significantly higher SM, silt and clay particle percentages and lower SC compared to other land uses due to regular irrigation. Additionally, irrigation could effectively relieve the degree of the hazard from soil salt and soil water stress in cropland.