Ghrelin对雌激素诱导小鼠胸腺萎缩过程中细胞因子及凋亡相关蛋白基因表达的影响

应用光镜和实时定量PCR技术研究了Ghrelin对雌激素诱导小鼠胸腺萎缩过程中胸腺形态学以及部分细胞因子和凋亡相关蛋白基因表达的影响。结果显示,注射Ghrelin后,雌激素诱导的小鼠萎缩胸腺在形态学上基本恢复到正常水平,胸腺中IL-6、TGF-[31、Caspase3、FADDmRNA含量显著降低,Caspase9、FasLmRNA含量略为下降,而IL-7、Bcl-2mRNA含量有所上升。结果表明,Ghrelin可能通过促进胸腺上皮细胞的增殖以及阻断Caspase级联程序和Fas／FasL凋亡信号通路抑制胸腺细胞的凋亡,从而逆转雌激素诱导的小鼠胸腺萎缩。     

影响饲料制粒的因素及其控制方法分析

影响制粒的因素很多,有制粒机自身性能、待制粒原料理化性质、生产操作和工艺条件等。本文从饲料组分、物料理化性质、配方组成、压模和压辊等几个方面作了简要阐述,为提高饲料制粒效率,保证制粒质量提供参考。     

Identification of polymorphisms and association analysis with meat quality traits in the porcine KIAA1717 and HUMMLC2B genes

Skeletal muscle genes are potential candidates for production and meat quality. Screening a subtracted cDNA library constructed with mRNA obtained from longissimus dorsi muscles of F1 hybrids Landrace × Yorkshire and their female parents Yorkshire, we isolated two partial sequences coding for the H3-K4-specific methyltransferase (KIAA1717) and skeletal muscle myosin regulatory light chain (HUMMLC2B) genes. Database search revealed KIAA1717 and HUMMLC2B encoded proteins with SET domain and EF-hand calcium binding motif, respectively. In the present work we identified their partial polymorphisms and two SNPs, one (C1354T) at the 3′ untranslated region (UTR) of KIAA1717 and one (A345G) at the SINE (PRE-1) element of HUMMLC2B, both created/disrupted a restriction site for endonuclease Msp I. The selected pigs were genotyped at the KIAA1717 C1354T and HUMMLC2B A345G sites by means of a PCR-RFLP protocol. Significant associations were observed for the KIAA1717 C1354T polymorphic site with meat marbling (longissimus doris (p < 0.05), biceps femoris (p < 0.01)) and intramuscular fat (p < 0.01). HUMMLC2B A345G were significantly associated with meat pH (longissimus doris (p < 0.05), biceps femoris (p < 0.01)), drip loss (p < 0.01), water holding capacity (p < 0.01) and meat color value (longissimus doris (p < 0.01), biceps femoris (p < 0.05)). Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.     

安徽省2015年规模猪场高致病性蓝耳病定点监测与分析

[目的]掌握安徽省规模猪场高致病性蓝耳病的感染状况和免疫抗体水平。[方法]采用抗体阻断ELISA、荧光RT-PCR方法检测了24个猪场的588份血清样本和28个场点的790份组织样品。[结果]高致病性蓝耳病个体抗体免疫合格率为78.1%,群体免疫合格率为75.0%;中型猪场的平均免疫抗体合格率为87.1%、小型猪场为63.9%。高致病性蓝耳病病毒核酸个体阳性率为28.7%,群体阳性率为75.0%;中型猪场、小型猪场和生猪屠宰场的高致病性蓝耳病病毒核酸个体阳性率分别为41.7%、19.5%和6%。[结论]2015年安徽省规模猪场的高致病性蓝耳病抗体免疫合格率较高,但存在带毒现象,建议加强疫病的免疫和综合防控。     

数种驱虫药和化学药物对体内外鸡蛔虫产卵和虫卵发育的影响

为鉴定男性不育药和有些驱虫药对寄生蠕虫的不育作用,对培养在试管内的鸡蛔虫和卵胚,以及人工感染蛔虫的鸡分别进行了体内和体外试验。棉酚和硝基呋喃类的呋喃唑酮、呋喃西林、S_(73031)和S_(72055)均无抑制产卵和卵胚发育的作用,苯并咪唑类的丙硫咪唑、甲苯咪唑和噻苯咪唑以及吩噻嗪均有抑制产卵和卵胚发育的作用,它们的EMIC_(50)分别为0.006,1.326,0.029和0.052ppm。抑制产卵所需浓度远大于抑制卵胚发育所需浓度。吡喹酮和硫双二氯酚也不具有抑制产卵和卵胚成熟的作用。放线菌酮仅对试管内蛔虫有抑制产卵作用,但对体内蛔虫却无影响。     

微波水解制备复合氨基酸的研究

以鸡羽毛为原料,采用正交试验研究了微波水解法制备复合氨基酸的工艺条件。结果表明,影响羽毛微波水解的主要因素为固液比和硫酸浓度,而水解时间与微波功率变化影响较小。试验确定的微波水解制备复合氨基酸的优化条件为:固液比1:5、水解时间3h、硫酸浓度3mol/l、微波功率500W。微波水解法与传统水解法相比,具有水解时间短的优势。     

从牛胃中分离微生物发酵秸秆的研究

试验目的主要是模拟反刍动物发酵作物秸秆多元菌,提高作物秸秆的利用率。通过对稻草秸秆的微贮发酵,提高秸秆的适口性和消化率,而且经过微贮的秸秆饲料成本低、污染少、效率高、经济、安全且利于工业化生产。与单纯饲喂秸秆饲料或饲喂氨化饲料相比,微贮饲料可分别使肉牛增质量提高22.59和8.64kg,增质量速度提高28.33%和8.44%,育肥效果显著,经济效益明显,可操作性强。微贮秸秆技术的推广与应用,不仅可以解决我国大量秸秆资源利用效率不高这一难题,而且可以减少环境污染,促进农业生产和农村经济的发展,增加农民收入,改善人民的肉食结构,提高人民的生活水平,并且为建立节粮型畜牧业结构,更好地发展可持续生态畜牧业做出巨大贡献。     

猪毛滴虫病病原及诊治的研究进展

猪毛滴虫病的历史较短,关于该病的研究和病例报道也较少。近年来,随着该病导致保育猪腹泻病例日益增多,猪毛滴虫病对养猪业的危害日益显现。本文就该病的病原、危害性、致病机理、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断以及防治作一综述,旨在为猪毛滴虫病的研究和防控提供参考。     

山羊霉稻草中毒病例报告

冬春季节青绿饲料缺乏,我县农户多以干稻草饲喂牛羊,若收获季节多雨潮湿,稻草易发霉变质,牛羊长期饲喂霉稻草易引起中毒.2003年春季,我县灌阳镇一养羊户因长期饲喂霉稻草,引起以"烂蹄、坏耳、坏尾"为特征的山羊病例,先后死亡23只,死亡率为46%.山羊霉稻草中毒病例较少见,现将诊治情况汇报如下.     

Changes in growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and nutrient digestibility of cherry valley ducks in response to aflatoxin B1 levels

The objective of this study was to investigate toxic effects of aflatoxin B1(AFB₁) on growth performance, organs, hepatic enzyme activities, apparent digestibility of nutrients and digestive enzyme activities in ducks. Ninety 1-day-old Cherry Valley commercial ducks were designed to three treatment groups with three replicates of ten birds each. Group I (control) was fed conventional feed free of AFB₁, group II or III was fed the diets containing 20 μg/kg or 40 μg/kg AFB₁-contaminated rice respectively. The feeding trial lasted 6 weeks. The results were that decreased body weight gain and feed intake, increased feed to gain ratio and selected organ weights (liver, kidney and pancreas) were observed in AFB₁-treated groups. The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were significantly increased in AFB₁-contamined groups. The apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP) was significantly lower while activities of digestive enzyme from duodenum contents including protease, chymotrypsin, trypsin and amylase were increased in AFB₁-treated group. These results indicated that AFB₁ of feed could decrease growth performance and apparent digestibility of nutrients, change digestive enzyme activities of duodenum contents in duck.