Exploring the effectiveness of in ovo feeding of vitamin C based on the embryonic vitamin C synthesis and absorption in broiler chickensOA

Background: Many researches about in ovo feeding(IOF) of vitamin C(VC) are gradually carried out to explore physiological development in chicken, but little studies focus on VC synthesis capacity of the embryo itself, the selection of injection site and the effectiveness of IOF of VC. This study aims to explore the above problems.Results: Kidney and yolk sac were the main organs for VC synthesis and L-gulonolactone oxidase(GLO) expression was lower during pre-hatch development than that during p...     

分子生物学技术在真菌种性检测中的应用

本文介绍了当前应用于真菌分类学中的六种分子生物学技术（G C值、DNA互补,RNA技术,RFLP、RAPD五种核酸技术和一种蛋白质技术——同工酶技术）的原理、操作。适用范围及其应用状况,为食、药用真菌研究者和生产者提供参考。     

施肥对菜用大豆产量及性状的影响

为研究追肥对菜用大豆产量及性状的影响,对荚长、荚宽、荚厚、荚质量、粒长、粒宽、粒厚、粒质量8个性状变量与产量的关系进行多元回归分析和通径分析。试验结果表明,菜用大豆春风极早品种在现蕾期追肥的最适宜施肥量为基准施肥量的50%,产量达到1 992 kg/667 m~2,比100%追肥高3.3%,差异不显著,比150%追肥高22.9%,差异显著;荚宽13.42 mm,荚厚10.71 mm,粒宽11.09 mm,单粒质量0.88 g;M-3品种在现蕾期追肥的最适宜施肥量为基准施肥量的150%,产量达到1 571 kg/667 m~2。菜用大豆产量和荚宽、粒宽、粒厚等性状有显著的回归关系,回归方程为Y=-7 262.394 5+611.947 8X_2+2 482.237 0X_6-2 917.973 0X_7,决定系数为0.893 4,式中,Y为产量(kg/667 m~2),X_2为荚宽(mm),X_6为粒宽(mm),X_7为粒厚(mm)。当其他变量固定时,荚宽每增加1 mm,产量平均升高611.947 8 kg/667 m~2;粒宽每增加1 mm,产量平均升高2 482.237 0 kg/667 m~2;荚宽每增加1 mm,产量平均降低2 917.973 0 kg/667 m~2。菜用大豆各性状与产量的通径分析结果显示,产量与荚宽的通径系数为0.359 2,与粒宽的通径系数为1.106 1,与粒厚的通径系数为-1.391。     

Human and climatic drivers of land and water use from 1997 to 2019 in Tarim River basin,China

Climate and human activities change spatial and temporal distribution of water and land use. The Tarim River, the largest inland river in China, faced a long-term exploitation of land and water over a rapid economic development. We analyzed land and water use from 1997 to 2019 in Tarim River Basin by Landsat images, and data on hydrology, climate, population, economy and PM_2.5 (air particulate matter ≤2.5 μm). Agricultural land expanded the fastest (4–11%), followed by natural vegetation (15–16%) and water area (4–5%) with population and economic increase. Air quality (PM_2.5 μg m⁻³) improved in upper (62–27) and middle (48–17) reaches. The water area in lower increase 5% because of ecological water delivery since 2000. Land use in the lower reach was dominated by agriculture, where the downstream runoff consumption increased by 6.8 times. The average annual air temperature and precipitation gradually increased by 0.5 °C and 51 mm in source and 0.9 °C and 30 mm in main reaches. The average annual water consumption in upper and middle reaches was 4 × 10⁹ m³, accounting for 87% of input runoff in the main reach. Water consumption in middle reach increased by 33 times in 2009–2017. The industry structure was changing from primary to secondary and tertiary industry. To sum up, implementation of water saving strategies and ecological water delivery restored local ecology. Sustainable strategies should be applied facing industrialization. Furthermore, changing the industry structure and restoring the degraded farmlands to grasslands or forests would keep sustainability of Tarim River Basin.     

Comparative analysis of proteomic profiles between endometrial caruncular and intercaruncular areas in ewes during the peri-implantation period

The endometrium of sheep consists of plenty of raised intercaruncular areas （IC）. In order to better understand aglandular areas called caruncular （C）, and intensely glandular the endometrium involved mechanisms of implantation, we used LC-MS/MS technique to profile the proteome of ovine endometrial C areas and IC areas separately during the peri-implantation period, and then compared the proteomic profiles between these two areas. We successfully detected 1740 and 1813 proteins in C areas and IC areas respectively. By comparing the proteome of these two areas, we found 170 differentially expressed proteins （DEPs） （P 〈 0.05）, functional bioinformatics analysis showed these DEPs were mainly involved in growth and remodeling of endometrial tissue, cell adhesion and protein transport, and so on Our study, for the first time, provided a proteomic reference for elucidating the differences between C and IC areas, as an integrated function unit respectively, during the peri-implantation period. The results could help us to better understand the implantation in the ewes. In addition, we established a relatively detailed protein database of ovine endometrium, which provide a unique reference for further studies.     

浙江省中华蜜蜂形态特征研究

选择浙江省12个样点36群中华蜜蜂样本,每群随机抽取15只工蜂,每只工蜂测定27项形态特征指标。利用SPSS16.0对形态特征数据进行因素分析、聚类分析和变异分析。结果表明:浙江省境内的中华蜜蜂存在较大的形态差异及种群分化。因素分析结果提取3个特征值高(>3)的因素,包括了63.798%的变异。利用提取的主因子进行聚类分析,分为4个类群:永康、义乌、金华、杭州和丽水的样本为第1类;长兴、黄岩、慈溪的样本为第2类;江山、嵊州和舟山的样本为第3类;苍南的样本与其他地区样本的遗传距离最远,单独为一类。变异分析结果显示:浙江省12个样点中华蜜蜂除后翅钩数样点间差异不显著(P>0.05)外,其余26项形态指标样点间差异较大。其中,舟山中华蜜蜂的翅长、翅宽、第3、4背板总长、第4、7腹板总长及腿相关4项指标平均值最大,与其余地区中华蜜蜂形态差异性较大;苍南中华蜜蜂的蜡镜长、蜡镜间距离和蜡镜斜长指标均值最大,与其它地区中华蜜蜂形态差异显著(P<0.05)。     

马正常肢体血流图实验研究

本实验首次采用XLJ—8型桥式血流图仪描记了12匹健康马四肢血流图.结果表明,马肢体血流图描记法是可行的,同时提供了健康马肢体血流图8项主要指标的参考值。本实验的首试成功,为肢体血流图在兽医临床领域中广泛应用奠定了基础.     

High‐level exogenous trans10, cis12 conjugated linoleic acid plays an anti‐lipogenesis role in bovine mammary epithelial cells

Primary bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were treated by 0, 37.5, 75, 112.5, 150 μmol/L trans10, cis12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) to evaluate the effects of different level trans10, cis12 CLA on lipogenesis in BMEC. Addition of 75–150 μmol/L trans10, cis12 CLA reduced significantly the triacylglycerol (TAG) content (P < 0.05), but did not have inhibiting action on cell proliferation (P > 0.05). Treatment with 150 μmol/L trans10, cis12 CLA for 48 h resulted in a 17.1% reduction (P < 0.0001) of medium chain fatty acids (MCFA, C14 < C < C16), a 26.5% reduction (P < 0.0001) of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and a corresponding reduction of the mRNA abundance of acetyl coenzyme A (acetylCoA) carboxylase (ACC) (P = 0.046), fatty acid synthase (FAS) (P = 0.017) and stearoylCoA desaturase1 (SCD1) (P = 0.002). Another finding was that trans10, cis12 CLA elevated expression of diacylglycerol acyltransferase2 (DGAT2) (P = 0.020) and long chain acylCoA synthetases (ACSL) (P = 0.032). In conclusion, higher trans10, cis12 CLA, not low trans10, cis12 CLA, inhibited milk fat synthesis and changed fatty acid composition by regulating the expression of FAS, ACC, SCD1, DGAT2 and ACSL.     

一种低糖型酸奶对小鼠免疫功能的影响

以低聚果糖、阿斯巴甜、木糖醇为甜味剂替代蔗糖,研制出一种低糖型酸奶。对试验组（灌胃低糖型功能酸奶）和对照组（灌胃生理盐水）分别进行脏器体重比值的测定试验、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞试验、血清溶血素含量的测定试验、血细胞计数试验。结果显示,灌胃功能酸奶的小鼠以上指标和对照组相比均有显著的提高,以此证明该酸奶具保健价值。     

一起违规使用餐厨泔水喂养生猪案的评析

2017年8月,青岛市某区动物卫生监督所监督检查发现,B养殖场使用饭店泔水喂养生猪。经立案调查,违法事实确实,依据《畜牧法》《青岛市无规定动物疫病区管理条例》等相关规定,依法给予了1 000元行政处罚。本文对法律法规的适用,泔水处理联防联控及强化普法宣传教育等内容进行了思考,着重分析了泔水喂猪传播非洲猪瘟的原因,坚持疏堵结合,提升泔水处置能力,引导养殖场(户)科学养殖。