枣采后果肉软化的生化和细胞超微结构变化

枣采后在软化过程中,果肉淀粉含量下降,淀粉酶活性上升,原果胶含量减少,可溶性果胶含量增加,多聚半乳糖醛酸酶（ＰＧ）活性下降;果肉薄壁细胞内含物减少乃至降解成丝状,细胞壁中胶层降解,相邻细胞分离,细胞壁保留。半红期采收的鲜枣采后果皮能够继续转红,果肉的软化发生在果实全红之后,果肉颜色的变化可指示果肉软化的程度。     

西芹常见生理病害及防治措施

西芹以肥大的叶柄供食用,叶片也可食用,可食率达85%以上。其叶柄肥大,纤维素少,质脆味甜,含有丰富的营养物质。西芹品质好、产量高、栽培容易、市场销路好,经济效益可观,近年来在我市种植面积迅速扩大。西芹生产上由于受多种因素的影响,经常发生一些生理性病害,影响了产量和品质的提高。在近几年来的生产实践中,发现我市西芹生产上主要有如下几种生理性病害,     

甘肃河西盐碱荒地开发对河流水质的影响

本文详尽分析了甘肃河西地区张掖临泽部分盐碱荒地开发对生态环境产生的主要污染参数、污染因子及污染物排放量，预测了洗盐废水中可溶性盐分对黑河水质的影响。     

转基因甜瓜植株的获得及其抗病性

甜瓜（Ｃｕｃｕｍｉｓ ｍｅｌｏ）子叶外植体能被含双元载体的根瘤农杆菌菌不妨功体内含１个ＮＰＴ－Ⅱ基因（新霉素磷酸基转移酶Ⅱ基因）,以供选择卡妹妹纱抗性的转化甜 １个ＷＭＶ－２ ＣＰ基因（西瓜花叶病毒２号外壳蛋白基因）。卡那霉素抗性植株经ＰＣＲ－Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交试验表明,外源的ＷＭＶ－２ ＣＰ基因确已通过农杆菌介导的转化途径导入甜瓜细胞。目前转基因甜瓜已开花结果。攻毒试验表明,与对照相比,转基因     

毒死蜱和甲氰菊酯对蜜蜂毒性与安全评价研究

通过接触法和摄入法测定了毒死蜱和甲氰菊酯对蜜蜂的毒性。结果表明，毒死蜱和甲氰菊酯对蜜蜂的接触毒性(24h LD50)分别为0．1634μg／蜂和0．0501μg／蜂，胃毒毒性(24h LE50)分别为0．6406mg／L和7．8261mg／L。根据Atkins毒性等级划分标准，毒死蜱和甲氰菊酯对蜜蜂的毒性均为高毒，应禁止在蜜蜂活动区域使用。     

高粱新病害顶腐病的初步研究

我国高粱上发生的新病害顶腐病是由亚粘团串珠镰孢(Fusarinm moniliforme var. subglutinans Wr.＆Reink.)侵染引起的。病菌生长的适宜温度为25～30℃,适宜pH值为6～8。小型分生孢子萌发的适宜温度为25～28℃,适宜pH值为6～7。病菌在Bilai培养基上,pH4～11间均易产生大型分生孢子。黑光灯和日光灯照射对大型分生孢子形成有促进作用,且黑光灯优于日光灯;在光照处理下最适宜产生大型孢子的培养基为小麦粒和高粱粒。病菌在PSA培养基上培养10～12天后可产生厚垣孢子。病菌能利用多种碳源,以半乳糖、甘露糖为佳,乳糖、木糖、葡萄糖次之。对氮源利用远不及碳源。人工接种条件下,病菌能侵染高粱、苏丹草、哥伦布草、玉米、谷子、珍珠粟、薏苡、水稻、燕麦、小麦、狗尾草等禾本科植物。     

向日葵上一种列当的发生分布及防治

从1979～1980年调查研究明确了吉林省白城地区寄生在向日葵上的恶性杂草——列当的种名是Orobanche coerulescens Steph(本文暂称白城列当)而不是向日葵列当(O.cumana)。白城列当在全地区8个县均有分布,发生密度较大的地块1平方米均有300棵左右,寄生株率96%以上,1株向日葵上最多寄生146棵。其垂直分布主要在土壤耕层里,是寄生于向日葵根部,以5～15厘米耕层寄生率最高达93%。在向日葵植株周围的水平分布以距向日葵5～20厘米寄生率达68.1%。被害的向日葵植株,表现株矮、茎细、盘小,甚至全株枯死。籽实减产38.3～70.3%,籽仁含油率降低3.3～17.9%,严重影响向日葵的生产,应引起各方面重视。提出因地制宜地采取选育抗性品种,合理轮作及提早铲除等综合防治措施,以便尽早地消灭在始发阶段。     

Exploring the effectiveness of in ovo feeding of vitamin C based on the embryonic vitamin C synthesis and absorption in broiler chickensOA

Background: Many researches about in ovo feeding(IOF) of vitamin C(VC) are gradually carried out to explore physiological development in chicken, but little studies focus on VC synthesis capacity of the embryo itself, the selection of injection site and the effectiveness of IOF of VC. This study aims to explore the above problems.Results: Kidney and yolk sac were the main organs for VC synthesis and L-gulonolactone oxidase(GLO) expression was lower during pre-hatch development than that during p...     

分子生物学技术在真菌种性检测中的应用

本文介绍了当前应用于真菌分类学中的六种分子生物学技术（G C值、DNA互补,RNA技术,RFLP、RAPD五种核酸技术和一种蛋白质技术——同工酶技术）的原理、操作。适用范围及其应用状况,为食、药用真菌研究者和生产者提供参考。     

Comparative analysis of proteomic profiles between endometrial caruncular and intercaruncular areas in ewes during the peri-implantation period

The endometrium of sheep consists of plenty of raised intercaruncular areas （IC）. In order to better understand aglandular areas called caruncular （C）, and intensely glandular the endometrium involved mechanisms of implantation, we used LC-MS/MS technique to profile the proteome of ovine endometrial C areas and IC areas separately during the peri-implantation period, and then compared the proteomic profiles between these two areas. We successfully detected 1740 and 1813 proteins in C areas and IC areas respectively. By comparing the proteome of these two areas, we found 170 differentially expressed proteins （DEPs） （P 〈 0.05）, functional bioinformatics analysis showed these DEPs were mainly involved in growth and remodeling of endometrial tissue, cell adhesion and protein transport, and so on Our study, for the first time, provided a proteomic reference for elucidating the differences between C and IC areas, as an integrated function unit respectively, during the peri-implantation period. The results could help us to better understand the implantation in the ewes. In addition, we established a relatively detailed protein database of ovine endometrium, which provide a unique reference for further studies.