The stimulatory effect of insulin-like growth factor-1 on the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralisation of osteoblastic cells from Holstein cattle

This study investigated the effect of exogenous insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblastic cells from Chinese Holstein cattle and the resultant bone nodule formation and mineralisation in vitro. The osteoblastic cells were isolated and cultured, then identified using Giemsa and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining methods. The effect of different concentrations of IGF-1 on cell growth was assessed by MTT assay. The ALP activity and osteocalcin (OC) concentration in the osteoblastic cells were measured by a colorimetric assay and a radioimmmunoassay, respectively. Calcium nodules were observed using alizarin red S stain, while the content of matrix calcium was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Cell proliferation in the cultures was stimulated by IGF-1 at concentrations ranging from 1 to 200 ng/mL, with the maximum effect observed at 100 ng/mL. This effect was observed from day 1 and peaked at day 5, but decreased at day 7. At concentrations of 10 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL, IGF-1 significantly induced ALP activity, OC level, matrix calcium content, and nodule formation of the osteoblastic cells by 20–180% (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), compared to controls. The results suggested that IGF-1 is an anabolic agent for the proliferation, differentiation, mineralisation and calcium content of dairy cow osteoblasts, and could therefore act as a potential treatment for the metabolic bone diseases in these animals.     

Dietary supplementation with Acanthopanax senticosus extract enhances gut health in weanling piglets

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ASE) as a dietary additive on gut health in weanling piglets by examining diarrhea frequency, intestinal microbiota and morphology. A total of 96 Duroc× (Landrace × Yorkshire) piglets weaned at 21 days of age with an average initial body weight (BW) of 5.6 ± 0.4 kg were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups with 4 duplicates of 8 piglets each. The piglets were fed basal diet to which had been added 0 or 1 g/kg of ASE, or 0.7 g/kg antibiotics, respectively. Fecal consistence was monitored twice daily and the frequency of diarrhea was calculated. On day 21 after the initiation of supplementation, 8 piglets were randomly selected from each treatment group (2 piglets per pen) and slaughtered. The jejunum, ileum, colon and cecum were then excised and fixed in 10% neutral formalin solution to determine villus height and crypt depth, after their contents were collected to determine microbiota. The results showed that dietary supplementation with ASE increased (P < 0.05) the density of bacterial populations that co-migrated with Lactobacillus amylovorus, Lactobacillus salivarius, Bacillus subtilis, and Clostridium lituseburens, but decreased (P < 0.05) those co-migrating with Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Ruminococcus forques, and E. coli O157:H7 in the PCR-DGGE profiling analysis when compared with the control group. The villus height of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum increased (P < 0.05) by 14.8, 13.7 and 10.0%, while the crypt depth decreased (P < 0.05) by 17.9, 9.1 and 12.1%, respectively, in response to dietary ASE supplementation. Additionally dietary supplementation with ASE or an antibiotic decreased (P < 0.05) the frequency of diarrhea by 55.6 and 52.2%, respectively, compared with the control group. In conclusion, these findings suggest that dietary supplementation with ASE could regulate the microbiota composition and maintain a normal morphology of gut mucosa in weanling piglets, thereby decreasing diarrhea that resulted from weaning stress.     

越冬期干旱胁迫对油菜施肥效果的影响

利用田间试验研究了越冬期自然干旱胁迫和适时灌溉条件下,油菜施用氮、磷、钾和硼肥的效果。结果表明,干旱胁迫条件下,油菜的生长发育受到明显抑制,子粒产量比适时灌溉条件显著降低;而且不同施肥处理间的减幅差异较大,其顺序为:不施硼处理(-B)不施钾处理(-K)不施氮处理(-N)≈不施磷处理(-P)NPKB配施处理,表明平衡施肥能够有效提高油菜的抗旱性。试验结果还显示,无论是在干旱胁迫还是适时灌溉条件下,施用肥料均显著促进了油菜的生长发育,表现为增施氮肥效果最好,而磷、钾和硼肥在干旱条件下相对增产效果明显高于灌溉条件;同时施肥与灌溉之间存在着一定的正交互作用。因此,在干旱而缺乏灌溉的情况下,油菜的高产更加依赖于肥料的施用。     

Test Analysis on Prestressed Frames with Three Kinds of Beam-column Section Strength

"Strong column with weak beam","strong beam with weak column" and"column & beam with equal strength"can be existed in one-storey prestressed concrete frames and the top storey of mult-storey prestressed concrete frames.Through the test of four prestressed concrete frames under vertical load,three kinds of prestressed concrete frames performances are studied,such as ultimate load,deflection,displacement ductility,redistribution of internal force.When the relative height of equivalent compression zone is smaller enough,the test proves that three kinds of prestressed concrete frames can realize full redistribution of internal force and have better displacement ductility,the width of cracks and deflections can satisfy the rules of code for design of concrete structures.     

Effects of acute hypoxia and reoxygenation on oxygen sensors,respiratory metabolism,oxidative stress,and apoptosis in hybrid yellow catfish “Huangyou-1”

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry - The regulation mechanism of the hybrid yellow catfish “Huangyou-1” was assessed under conditions of hypoxia and reoxygenation by examination of oxygen...     

开封市土地储备潜力规模研究

合理的土地储备规模不仅能保障社会经济的发展,还能避免土地的闲置与浪费,因此研究土地储备规模具有重要意义。笔者通过运用GM（1,1）模型预测出,到2020年开封市新增城镇建设用地的需求规模及农业人口数量,结合开封市2006-2020年土地利用总体规划预测出目标年城镇建设用地的总供给规模,再基于集约节约利用方式,预测出未来可节约城镇建设用地的潜力,从而得出开封市在目标年的土地储备规模。根据本研究思路测算出,开封市2020年土地储备规模为26036.22 hm2（含土地储备增量规模9990.35 hm2和存量规模16045.87 hm2）,这对于开封市优先盘活存量土地,有效控制建设用地占用农用地具有重要的现实意义。     

山区低碳循环农业合作经济与生态文明建设模式探讨

为了改变山区农村人多收入低,经济发展落后的局面,淄博市农业部门运用循环农业技术手段、理念和策略,立足山区生态资源优势,积极发展山区低碳循环农业合作经济,取得了以齐文化为核心的山区乡村低碳循环生态休闲观光旅游合作经济,加环延链打造山区高端低碳循环果品农业经济,巧用山区逆境生态资源,拓展外向型花菇合作经济以及集成低碳循环农业技术,升级打造都市有机韭菜合作经济等发展模式,实现了山区农业合作经济与生态文明建设和谐发展的局面,在农业增效、农民增收和山区生态新村建设上做出了显著的贡献,具有很好的借鉴和指导意义。     

半农半牧区农户生产现状及对气候变化的感知与应对——基于内蒙古林西县的调查研究

半农半牧区是全球气候变化反应敏感的生态脆弱带。该地区农业基础设施落后,人口与资源矛盾突出,生产力水平低下,经济欠发达,受气候变化影响,农民的生产生活水平的维持与提高面临着十分严峻的挑战。本调查研究以内蒙古赤峰市林西县为例,利用1954~2009年气象数据资料分析了该地区56年来年际和主要季节温度、降水变化趋势;同时,选用60个农户家庭调查样本,研究了农户家庭基本状况与经营现状、农牧户家庭对气候变化及其影响的感知与应对策略。最后,在全面总结研究结果的基础上提出增强农户家庭气候变化适应能力的对策建议。