CYP450 epoxygenase/EET pathway attenuates adipose inflammation of obese mice through HIF-1α

AIM To investigate the effects of cytochrome P450 （CYP450） epoxygenase/epoxyeicosatrienoic acid （EET） pathway on insulin resistance in obese mice, and to explore the possible mechanisms. METHODS High-fat diet-induced obesity model was established in C57BL/6Cnc mice, and the obese mice were randomly divided into 3 groups, including obesity group （treated with saline; n=10）, EET group （treated with 11,12-EET; n=10） and EET inhibitor 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5（Z）-enoic acid （EEZE） group （n=10）. Normal C57BL/6Cnc mice （n=10） treated with saline served as control. Protein expression of CYP2J2 （one of CYP450 epoxygenases） and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α （HIF-1α） was measured by Western blot. Vessel-like structure was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The serum levels of insulin, tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）, interleukin （IL）-1β, IL-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1） were measured by ELISA. RESULTS In obese mice, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance （HOMA-IR） values were increased, the protein level of CYP2J2 was reduced, and the protein level of HIF-1α was increased in adipose tissues as compared with the controls （P<0.05）. The serum levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were also significantly increased in obese mice （P<0.05）. After treatment with 11, 12-EET, the HOMA-IR values were decreased compared with vehicle-treated obese mice, HIF-1α expression levels were decreased in the adipose tissue, and the serum levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were reduced （P<0.05）. Immunohistochemical results of adipose tissue from vehicle-treated obese mice showed a marked decrease in vessel-like structures （CD31-positive） compared with normal control mice （P<0.05）. EET treatment significantly increased the newly formed vessel-like structures in the visceral adipose tissues of obese mice as compared with vehicle-treated obese mice （P<0.05）. CONCLUSION High-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance are closely related to the CYP450 pathway. Exogenous EETs effectively decrease obesity-induced insulin resistance possibly through pro-angiogenesis and attenuation of hypoxia and inflammation.     

陆地棉脱水素基因GhDHN1启动子序列分析

为了筛选棉花抗逆转基因育种的候选启动子,根据陆地棉脱水素基因GhDHN1的cDNA序列和陆地棉基因组序列,利用生物信息学分析方法,获得棉花陆地棉脱水素基因GhDHN1启动子序列。结果表明,该启动子上多个位点含有启动子的基本元件TATA-box和CAAT-box,并含有非生物逆境胁迫响应元件、响应植物激素顺式作用元件、多种光调控相关的顺式作用元件以及胚乳表达顺式调控元件等。推测GhDHN1基因的启动子受光诱导,同时受低温和干旱胁迫等非生物逆境的诱导,参与棉花的生长发育。     

氮肥后移对玉米冠层内物质分配及氮素利用的影响

研究不同施氮量、不同施肥时期对玉米产量与氮素利用的影响,对玉米干物质生产、氮素积累与分配进行分析。结果表明,施氮量为180 kg/hm2时,产量表现为基施处理最高,较拔节期、大喇叭口期施肥处理分别提高1.17%、7.69%;施氮量为75 kg/hm2时,拔节期施肥处理产量最高,较基施、大喇叭口期施肥处理分别提高10.31%、4.61%。大喇叭口期施肥处理的干物质积累与氮素积累量少,氮肥利用效率低,说明氮肥后移需考虑植株前期对氮素的需要。拔节期施肥处理产量与基施处理产量和氮素积累量相当或提高,植株干物质积累增加,冠层内茎叶干物质比例协调,生育后期穗下层茎叶干物重下降缓慢,氮素利用效率高。施氮量为75 kg/hm2,氮肥适当后移可提高氮肥利用率。     

夜间补光对小麦叶片激素含量及光合特性的影响

为探究夜间补光对小麦生育后期的调控作用,以冬小麦品种豫农186为材料,以自然光照时间为对照,在小麦抽穗后设置夜间人工补光2h、4h和6h三个处理,研究补光时间对小麦叶片内源激素含量、光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明,夜间补光可增加小麦叶面积及旗叶叶绿素含量和光合速率,以补光6h的效果最显著。与自然对照相比,夜间补光显著增加旗叶GA3、IAA、ZR含量,且激素含量的升高幅度随补光时间的延长而增加,但ABA含量受影响较小。夜间补光能显著提高灌浆前期和中期籽粒灌浆速率及千粒重和产量,其中补光6h处理的最大灌浆速率比自然对照增大16.21%,产量提高14.07%。说明小麦抽穗后适当延长光照时间有利于叶片的生长发育,可提高激素含量和光合效率,促进籽粒灌浆,增加产量。     

Improvement of toughness for the hyaluronic acid and adipic acid dihydrazide hydrogel by PEG

New applications call for many new requirements. In order to improve the toughness of aldehyde hyaluronic acid (A-HA) and adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH) hydrogel, the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) was added. PEG content and molecular weight have little effect on the gelation time, and the composite hydrogels can form in situ within 20 seconds at room temperature. The press test showed that the hydrogels containing PEG possessed a better compression resistance, after pressed more than five times, the composite hydrogels could restore. Rheological properties were measured to evaluate the working ability and the effect of PEG on hydrogels. By analyzing the shear viscosity (η _γ=0.01), yield stress (σ ₀) and threshold shear stress (σ _c ), the addition of PEG can make the structure of composite hydrogels get loose and improve the shear resistance. Especially, PEG800 can enhance the antishear ability obviously. The amplitude sweep tests showed a broad linear viscoelastic region, indicating a wide processing range. In the meanwhile, we also found that PEG can improve the optical transmittance of xerogel evidently.     

茄子新品种‘哈茄V8’

 ‘哈茄V8’是由自交系‘12-1-3’为母本,自交系‘12-4-15’为父本杂交选育而成的黑长茄子新品种。果实长棒形,纵径28 cm,横径4.6 cm,平均单果质量160 ~ 180 g,平均产量54 771.7 kg · hm^-2,抗逆、抗病性好,适宜密植。适宜早春露地地膜和小拱棚栽培。     

哈尔滨群力新区绿地生态规划设计建议

在分析群力新区绿地景观格局的基础上,针对提出的问题,对群力新区绿地系统进行生态规划,确立了"一轴、两廊、三纵、五片、六核"的绿地布局。确定近期、中期、远期绿地规划绿地率指标分别为19%、25%、33%,绿化覆盖率分别为24%、30%、40%,人均公园绿地为8.5、10.0、12.0m2。规划公园绿地为研究区绿地系统的核心绿地景观,均衡分布各个公园绿地的位置与规模,提高绿地景观均匀性。大幅增加附属绿地面积,注重各类斑块等级的运用,增加绿地斑块之间的联系性,降低附属绿地破碎化程度。生产、防护绿地要确保分别达到绿地指标的完成,尽可能的多采用大中型斑块和大型斑块,能更好的发挥其生产、防护的作用。规划湿地公园填补其它绿地类型的缺失,丰富了研究区绿地景观的多样性。     

基于ARM控制器和公共物联网云平台的农业信息采集系统研究

为实现农业生产环境信息化的智能化和精准化采集,设计了基于智能硬件和公共物联网云平台的精准农业环境信息采集系统。该系统以mbed LPC1768为控制器,结合各种农业环境传感器,利用无线传输技术上传至云平台服务器,实现数据的在线存储和监测。具有操作简单、价格低廉、扩展方便的优点,有较强的推广应用前景。     

行株距配置对烟田微生态环境、烤烟光合特性及产值的影响

为了探索适宜武陵山区烟叶生产的最佳栽培行株距配置,采用田间试验,研究了烤烟不同行株距搭配对烟田微生态环境、烤烟光合特性及烟叶产值的影响。结果表明:(1)适宜的行株距配置能为烟株创造良好的烟田微生态环境;(2)行距0.12 m、株距0.40 m配置和行距0.12 m、株距0.60 m配置的叶片净光合速率最大,行距0.11 m、株距0.40 m配置和行距0.11 m、株距0.50 m配置的胞间CO2浓度较高,行距0.12 m、株距0.40 m配置的叶片蒸腾速率显著高于其他处理,行距0.11 m、株距0.60 m配置的蒸汽压亏缺显著高于其他处理;(3)从产量和产值上看,行距0.12 m、株距0.40 m配置表现较优,且其上等烟比例和均价都较高。综合分析,武陵山区烟叶适宜的栽培行株距配置为行距0.12 m,株距0.40 m。     

氮气气调储油实罐试验

油脂劣变的主要过程是油脂氧化酸败,引起酸败的主要途径是油脂的自然氧化,因此控制储藏期间油罐中的含氧量是有效阻止油脂氧化酸败的重要方法。基于上述原理,通过向油脂储罐内注入高纯度氮气,从而达到防止油脂自然氧化的目的。为了试验过程中油罐的安全,采用外置气囊的方式维持油罐内外压力的平衡,以便及时消除因昼夜温差导致的胀罐或压罐。通过试验验证了气调储油试验方案的可行性和易操作性,达到了抑制油品酸败的目的。