Characterization of antibody response to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus ORF5 product following infection and evaluation of its diagnostic use in pigs.

The sensitivity and specificity of recombinant open reading frame 5 products used in the Western blotting assay for confirmation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) serologic status were evaluated. The recombinant antigen-based assays were specifically compared with a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for PRRSV antibodies using 1) PRRSV antibody-negative reference sera (n = 30), 2) naturally infected pig sera (n = 40), 3) sequential sera obtained from 24 experimentally infected pigs, and 4) sera submitted to 3 state diagnostic laboratories (n = 200). The recombinant antigen assay yielded an average increased sensitivity of 10% over the commercial PRRSV ELISA. The negative controls (group 1 sera) showed no difference between the 2 assays. This comparison confirmed that the recombinant antigen-specific assay was more sensitive than the commercial ELISA and is well suited for routine confirmation of the presence of PRRSV antibodies.     

蛋壳颜色和蛋壳强度与蛋各部位钙含量的关系

本文旨在研究新扬州鸡蛋壳颜色和蛋壳强度与蛋各部位钙含量的关系.方法采用QC-SPA蛋壳强度测定仪、蛋壳颜色测定仪及相关仪器测定相同日龄新扬州鸡鸡蛋的蛋壳强度及蛋壳颜色,用乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA)络合滴定快速测钙法,测定不同颜色鸡蛋的不同部位的钙含量.研究结果表明:随着蛋壳颜色加深,蛋壳和蛋白中钙含量增大,但蛋壳强度随之减小;当蛋壳强度为4000～4500g/cm<'2>时,鸡蛋各部位的钙含量均最大.     

对一批出土宋代丝绸织物使用BE-1揭展剂模拟揭展的试验

以南京市报恩寺出土的一批宋代丝绸织物为材料分析丝绸固结物的主要成分,然后以表面活性剂等化学试剂配制BE-1揭展剂,对人工老化的固结丝绸织物进行模拟揭展。通过正交试验,研究使用BE-1揭展剂揭展固结丝绸织物的最佳温度、相对湿度以及揭展时间,得出较优的揭展处理工艺方案为:温度30℃,相对湿度70%,揭展时间10 min。采用BE-1揭展剂在此工艺条件下揭展固结丝绸织物时,织物的固结力由原来的147 mN/cm下降为32 mN/cm,揭展后织物的断裂强力、断裂伸长率较揭展前略有提高,硬挺度得到一定改善,色差、红外光谱、热性能以及丝蛋白氨基酸种类和含量等基本上没有变化。试验结果表明,BE-1揭展剂及优化的揭展工艺技术可用于这批出土宋代丝绸文物的揭展。     

血小板源性生长因子(PDGF-BB)促进山羊骨髓间充质干细胞向平滑肌细胞分化

将血小板源性生长因子(PDGF-BB)作用于骨髓间充质细胞,分别于5、7d后用抗α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)单克隆抗体进行免疫组化分析,定量RT-PCR检测α-SMA mRNA的表达,透射电镜观察细胞超微结构。免疫组化结果显示,PDGF-BB诱导组表达α-SMA的细胞数约为95%,而对照组表达α-SMA的细胞数约为5%。免疫组化图象分析结果显示,5、7d PDGF-BB诱导组抗α-SMA着色平均灰度值小于对照组。RT-PCR结果显示,PDGF-BB诱导组有α-SMA mRNA表达,而对照组则没有。透射电镜显示,骨髓间充质细胞经过诱导后细胞浆内出现肌丝样结构。结果表明,PDGF-BB可以促进骨髓间充质干细胞向平滑肌细胞分化。     

Effects of bacterial direct-fed microbials and yeast on site and extent of digestion,blood chemistry,and subclinical ruminal acidosis in feedlot cattle

Two studies were conducted to determine whether a bacterial direct-fed microbial (DFM) alone or with yeast could minimize the risk of acidosis and improve feed utilization in feedlot cattle receiving high-concentrate diets. Eight ruminally cannulated steers, previously adapted to a high-concentrate diet, were used in crossover designs to study the effects of DFM on feed intake, ruminal pH, ruminal fermentation, blood characteristics, site and extent of digestion, and microbial protein synthesis. Steers were provided ad libitum access to a diet containing steam-rolled barley, barley silage, and a protein-mineral supplement (87, 8, and 5% on a DM basis, respectively). In Exp. 1, treatments were control vs. the lactic-acid producing bacterium Enterococcus faecium EF212 (EF; 6 x 10(9) cfu/d). In Exp. 2, treatments were control vs EF (6 x 10(9) cfu/d) and yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae; 6 x 10(9) cfu/d). Supplementing feedlot cattle diets with EF in Exp. 1 increased (P < 0.05) propionate and (P < 0.05) decreased butyrate concentrations, decreased the nadir of ruminal pH (P < 0.05), enhanced the flow of feed N (P < 0.10) to the duodenum but reduced that of microbial N (P < 0.10), reduced (P < 0.10) intestinal digestion of NDF, and increased (P < 0.10) fecal coliform numbers. Other than the increase in propionate concentrations that signify an increase in energy precursors for growth, the other metabolic changes were generally considered to be undesirable. In Exp. 2, providing EF together with yeast abolished most of these undesirable effects. Combining EF with yeast increased the DM digestion of corn grain incubated in sacco, but there were no effects on altering the site or extent of nutrient digestion. The diets used in this study were highly fermentable, and the incidence of subclinical ruminal acidosis, defined as steers with ruminal pH below 5.5 for prolonged periods of time, was high. Supplementing the diet with EF, with or without yeast, had limited effects on reducing ruminal acidosis. It seems that cattle adapted to high-grain diets are able to maintain relatively high feed intake and high fiber digestion despite low ruminal pH. The Enterococcus faecium bacterium and yeast used in this study were of limited value for feedlot cattle already adapted to high-grain diets.     

以超滤技术浓缩猪细小病毒含毒细胞液的试验

在研制猪细小病毒灭活疫苗时,应用了超滤浓缩技术,提高了合毒细胞培养液中的抗原含量。为了保证浓缩的流量,减少对滤膜的污染,对含毒细胞培养液作了预处理一离心及微滤,以便除去细胞培养液中的细胞碎片、蛋白质等大分子物质及固形微粒。超滤时选用50000Da滤膜,在20psig压力下,经过5倍浓缩的PPV细胞培养液,血凝滴度提高2个滴度以上。病毒含量测定表明,TCID50／0．2mL由107左右升至109以上,以其配制疫苗,能显著地提高疫苗的免疫原性。超滤技术具有易于操作、高效、分离精度高、没有二次污染等优点,可以根据需要选择不同的浓缩浓度,对保证疫苗的质量具有重要作用。     

铁苋菜提取物对仔猪生长性能、血液生化指标及肠道菌群的影响

目的:本试验旨在研究铁苋菜提取物对仔猪生长性能、血液生化指标及粪样菌群的影响.方法:选取同一批次的25日龄健康的外三元断乳仔猪120头,平均体重为9.60+0.65 kg/头,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头,公母各半;试验组分别为铁苋菜提取物组Ⅰ和组Ⅱ、抗生素组及对照组,铁苋菜提取物组Ⅰ和组Ⅱ在基础日粮中分...     

Effect of heat stress on the behavioral and physiological patterns of Small-tail Han sheep housed indoors

Tropical Animal Health and Production - This study was conducted to investigate the effects of heat stress on the behavioral and physiological patterns in Small-tail Han sheep housed indoors in...     

饲料中有机氯农药残留检测方法的研究

本实验建立了饲料中有机氯农药(OCPs)残留的气相色谱-微池电子捕获检测器(GC-μECD)分析方法。试样经丙酮提取,硅胶层析柱净化后,用GC-μECD测定其中农药残留量。有机氯农药浓度在5.00～500.00ng/mLp,p’-DDD相关系数除为0.9960外,其余均大于0.998,线性关系良好;检测限除o,p’-DDT和p,p’-DDT为10μg/kg外,其余农药为5μg/kg;添加有机氯农药50μg/kg水平时回收率为77.1%～113.4%,添加200μg/kg时回收率为75.8%～107.3%;相对标准偏差为2.3%～11.1%。本方法对饲料中有机氯农药残留分析结果准确可靠。