玉米深松全层施肥种行旋耕播种机关键部件的设计

针对目前国内玉米播种机存在播种深度不一致的问题,为了提高玉米播种播深一致性及播种质量,设计了一种旋耕种行玉米播种机。该机可以实现深松、分层施肥、旋耕种行、开沟、播种及覆土镇压等功能,一次性完成的播种作业,适用于大田作业。该机结构简单,使用时调整方便。田间试验表明:整机结构设计合理,可以达到精量播种,符合农民种植要求。     

温室雾培蔬菜收获机收获机构的研究设计

雾培种植具有节约空间、增大产量等特点,是一种新型的种植模式,代表了未来农业种植的方向。为此,针对雾培蔬菜收获劳动强度高、收获效率低等问题,创新性地对温室雾培蔬菜收获机中收获机构进行系统性设计,达到对雾培蔬菜快速稳定收获切根的目的要求。依据人工收获流程及定植板的实际特征,利用Solid Works对蔬菜收获机构进行方案设计,在设计过程中参考了成熟的工程案例,选取合适的切根方法和刀具结构,减少了切削方式及振源振动对收获切根的影响。运用Solid Works Motion对收获机构中的切根机构的运动稳定性进行验证,证明了切根机构在工作过程中可以稳定运行,保持稳定的加速度。利用ANSYS对收获机构中的夹取手爪和切根手爪进行有限元分析,确保关键结构的强度和刚度达到工程技术要求,有效地减少了生产资源的浪费,同时缩短了结构设计的时间,并为样机制作提供了坚实的基础。     

基于快速成型技术的植保机械快速设计开发-以农用喷雾器为例

探讨应用先进的快速成型技术,进行植保机械快速设计开发的新途径。以植保机械中常用的农用喷雾器为例,进行喷雾器药液箱体的快速造型设计和手柄开关的快速结构设计,并对其进行分析。设计案例表明:快速成型技术解决了农用喷雾器设计开发中的一些难题,是植保机械快速设计开发的有效工具,对于加快推进植保机械化具有积极的促进作用。     

水果检测装置夹持臂的有限元分析

夹持翻转机构是大型水果无损检测装置的关键部件,主要功能是夹持哈密瓜后翻转,对其瓜体全表面进行图像采集,为无损检测分析提供数据。图像采集对机构的稳定性要求较高,其强度和稳定性直接影响检测效果。为此,运用Pro/E建立了检测装置的三维模型,并用有限元分析软件ANSYS对夹持翻转机构进行了不同工况下的静态分析及模态分析,得到夹持臂在工作时的应力应变云图及模态频率。分析表明,影响夹持机构振动特性的模态频率主要集中在8Hz左右,为其机构设计与优化提供了理论依据。     

基于ARM的育苗架智能监控系统设计

为了解决当前育苗过程中环境参数控制不便等问题,提出一种新的基于嵌入式ARM平台的育苗架智能监控系统。该系统搭载嵌入式Linux操作系统,采用Pt100温度传感器和NWSF-1AT湿度传感器,以及加热、加湿装置,可以对育苗架内的环境参数进行实时监测和智能控制。系统采用Modbus通信协议和RS-485数据接口,利用Qt开发用户界面,同时包含数据库功能,能够自动记录历史数据,便于后续的数据分析。大量实验表明,本系统可以实时监测育苗架内温湿度变化,当设定期望温度为25℃、湿度为40%RH时,能够有效地将育苗架内的温湿度环境稳定在设定值,能够为催芽育苗工作提供所良好的内部环境。     

我国蔬菜育苗产业现状及发展动态

蔬菜育苗是蔬菜生产中的关键环节之一,不仅可以节约用种量、增加复种指数,而且便于集约化管理,在我国有广阔的市场前景。为此,阐述了我国目前主要的几种育苗方法及相关技术,指出现阶段我国蔬菜育苗产业存在着育苗企业良莠不齐、缺乏规范化管理、育苗方法技术滞后和劳动者技术水平低等问题,并有针对性地提出了解决措施。目前,随着我国农业种植结构的调整,蔬菜育苗产业正向基质低廉化、育苗工厂化、育苗专业化及种苗标准化等方向发展。     

基于EDEM的水田深施肥机构螺旋钢丝的数值模拟与分析

为解决水田深施肥堵塞问题,运用EDEM软件对水田深施肥机构肥料箱中螺旋钢丝进行仿真分析,得出了螺旋钢丝在不同转速、丝径、导程时对肥料运动的影响。研究结果表明,随着螺旋钢丝转速增大,排肥速度变快,转速到达270°/s时已达到肥箱最大排肥速度,螺旋钢丝的丝径和导程对于肥料的运动规律影响不明显。     

Evaluating and Comparing the Natural Cell Structure and Dimensions of Honey Bee Comb Cells of Chinese Bee,Apis cerana cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Italian Bee,Apis mellifera ligustica (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

The hexagonal structure of the honey bee comb cell has been the source of many studies attempting to understand its structure and function. In the storage area of the comb, only honey is stored and no brood is reared. We predicted that honey bees may construct different hexagonal cells for brood rearing and honey storage. We used quantitative analyses to evaluate the structure and function of the natural comb cell in the Chinese bee, Apis cerana cerana and the Italian bee, A. mellifera ligustica. We made cell molds using a crystal glue solution and measured the structure and inclination of cells. We found that the comb cells of A. c. cerana had both upward-sloping and downward-sloping cells; while the A. m. ligustica cells all tilted upwards. Interestingly, the cells did not conform to the regular hexagonal prism structure and showed irregular diameter sizes. In both species, comb cells also were differentiated into worker, drone and honey cells, differing in their diameter and depth. This study revealed unique differences in the structure and function of comb cells and showed that honey bees design their cells with precise engineering to increase storage capacity, and to create adequate growing room for their brood.     

Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.     

Screening of Probiotics Inhibiting E. coli K88 in vitro

The probiotics tested in the experiment were isolated from the intestinal of weaning piglets.The isolated probiotics and E.coli K88 were inoculated into the culture of intestinal porcine epithelial cell-1 (IPEC-1).The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the supernatant was measured after incubating for 2.5 h.At the same time, the probiotics and E.coli K88 were co-cultured in vitro, the number of E.coli K88 was counted and the probiotics which could be resistant to the E.coli K88 were selected 2.5 h later.The results showed that the Lactobacillus casei and Bacillus coagulans could significantly reduce LDH activity (P<0.05), decrease the damage of E.coli K88; Bacillus coagulans could inhibit the growth of E.coli K88.At the same time, Bacillus coagulans could resist high temperature, acid and bile salt.The results showed that Bacillus coagulans strains had great potential as the application of probiotics strains.The methods could be used as a model of screen probiotics which could inhibit the growth of E.coli K88 in vitro.