利用Pt-Rh堇青石整体式催化器控制汽油发动机排气净化的试验

为控制化油器汽油发动机尾气排放,对贵金属Pt-Rh催化器在实际发动机排气条件下进行了研究。用浸渍法制备化油器式汽油发动机的催化器,以适应汽车发动机运行工况多变、空燃比范围宽以及排气HC、CO和NOx体积分数高等实际情况。试验结果表明,应用Pt-Rh堇青石整体式催化器,可以实现在不同的温度、不同的转速、不同的空燃比条件下对发动机尾气HC、CO和NOx同时净化和得到较高的转化效率;在不同的温度范围内,还可以实现HC和CO对NOx的协同还原反应。     

高产、优质香型杂交水稻新组合宜优115的选育与应用

宜优115系南平市农科所用宜香1A与自育恢复系南恢115配组育成的杂交晚稻新组合,2007年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定.表现高产、稳产、增产潜力大、品质优、适应性广、综合性状突出,适宜福建省稻区种植.     

高效诱导植物RNA沉默的反向重复构件的设计

RNA沉默(RNA silencing)是真核生物体内普遍保守的、发生在RNA水平的、基于核酸序列同源性相互作用的一种对基因表达的调控机制.通过设计反向重复构建在植物体内产生双链RNA来诱导RNA沉默的方法是一条非常有效的植物抗病毒和功能基因组研究途径.本研究通过两个病毒基因的反向重复构建发展了两种通过小型中间载体设计反向重复构建的方法.其共同特点是构建简易,操作方便,可为通过设计反向重复构建实现植物体内高效持久的RNA沉默提供方法上的参考,促进RNA沉默技术更加广泛深入地应用于植物抗病毒基因工程研究和植物功能基因组研究.     

东兰县林地质量等级划分及其管理

利用数量化理论Ⅰ模型和土壤类型、土层厚度、海拔高度、坡度、坡向、坡位、石砾含量等7个因子和交通区位因素,对东兰县林地质量等级进行了划分,结果显示东兰县林地质量可分为5级,各级林地面积及其占林地总面积的比例分别为Ⅰ级2 343.3m2、1.2%,Ⅱ级23 622.0hm2、12.5%,III级87101.6hm2、46.2%,IV级45 176.0hm2、24.0%,Ⅴ级30 223.6hm2、16.1%,提出了不同等级林地的相应培育方向和管理措施。     

丽水城市定位与生态产业发展路径选择

从丽水地区的经济发展水平和生态优势特点出发,依据城市定位理论论述丽水的城市定位选择,并按照城市化与生态环境耦合机理探讨丽水市生态效益型经济的产业发展问题。     

政府主导沿线型模式在村庄综合整理中的应用——以湖南醴陵市江口村为例

村庄综合整理是新农村建设对村镇建设的新要求。按此要求提出了政府主导沿线型村庄综合整理模式,并以湖南省醴陵市江口村为实证,分析了该模式的特点、优缺点、成效以及实施的关键。     

基于农作制分区的1985—2015年中国小麦生产时空变化

Comparing spatio-temporal variation characteristics of China’s wheat production, yield, sown area and yield-area-contribution in different farming zones in the past 30 years could help improving wheat planting layout and adjusting planting structure. Concentration index, rate of change, moving of gravity and resolution of yield-area-contribution were used to analyze spatio-temporal changes of China’s wheat production and yield-area-contribution based on county wheat production statistics including sown area, production and yield from 1985 to 2015. The wheat sown area decreased obviously in Northeast farming region, Northwest farming region and South farming region and increased rapidly in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region and Yangtze Plain farming region. In Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, the concentration indexes of Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Fenwei Basin farming region reached to 20.64%, 25.77%, and 21.65% respectively in 2015. Wheat production increased significantly by more than 48 milliontons in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, and nearly 8 million tons Yangtze Plain farming region but decreased by more than 2.6 million tons in Northeast farming region. In Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, wheat production was concentrated in Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Yuxi Hill farming region. The average wheat yield continuously improved during the study period, Huang-Huai-Hai farming region and Northwest farming region had the yield increase up to 103.5 kg hm ^-2 and 92.9 kg hm ^-2 each year. Wheat yield in Yuxi Hill farming region, Fenwei Basin farming region and Haihe Plain farming region was relatively high in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region. The yield-reduced area was mainly caused by the decreasing of sown area, while the yield-area-contribution rate was different in yield-increased area. Yield-dominant counties were reduced, area-dominant counties were increased and yield-area-dominant counties were relatively steady. In production increased area, yield-dominant and yield-area-dominant counties were the main types in Huang-Huai-Hai Farming region, area-dominant and yield-area-dominant counties were the main types in Yangtze Plain farming region. Chinese wheat production was increasingly concentrated in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region which has high and rapid increase of wheat yield over the past three decades. Haihe Plain farming region, Huang-huai Plain farming region and Fenwei Basin farming region were the most concentrated areas in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region for wheat production during this period. Wheat yield and sown area jointly promoted the increase of wheat production in Huang-Huai-Hai farming region, wheat sown area was the crucial factor to increase wheat production in Yangtze Plain farming region, especially in the north of Jiangsu, Anhui province and greater part of Xinjiang.     

探讨信息技术在玉米生产中的应用

研究以玉米生产信息化为对象,针对目前我国玉米生产过程中存在的问题,充分利用现代信息技术手段对玉米生产过程进行研究。在吉林省的玉米种植区,将计算机技术与3S技术、专家系统、数据挖掘、模式识别等技术相结合,融合农业和专家知识,研究用以土壤、作物空间变异规律,建立玉米精准施肥和病虫草害防治模型,研制出具有特色的专家系统,指导玉米的生产。     

太湖水域富营养化之生态恢复初探

由于近年来的过度开发及各类污染,太湖流域水体富营养化程度加剧,水域生态系统的正常功能和可持续利用均遭到了严重威胁。针对富营养化的主要原因提出解决措施,其中建立人工湿地和植物群落系统并以其净化水体和恢复流域内水生植物群落,成为生态恢复的最佳选择。     

cDNA文库构建策略及其在盐生植物中的应用

构建各种cDNA文库是目前发现新基因的基本策略,同时也是功能基因组学研究的一个主要方法.cDNA文库主要包括cDNA全长文库、cDNA差减文库和cDNA均一化文库等类型,各种文库的原理、构建方法和适用范围都有很大的不同.近年来,通过构建各种cDNA文库、获得大规模高质量EST数据库,并在此基础上分离克隆抗逆相关基因已经成为研究植物耐盐机理的重要途径.旨在对cDNA文库的主要类型及其构建策略,以及cDNA文库在盐生植物新基因筛选中的应用进行综合论述,并对植物耐盐机制的研究提出了展望.