半夏属植物同工酶的电泳分析

分析了安徽产半夏属的滴水珠,鹞落坪半夏,虎掌及半夏３个居群共６个分类群植株的块茎的ＥＳＴ、ＭＤＨ、ＡＤＨ、ＳＯＤ同工酶,结果表明;叶和块茎中的ＥＳＴ、ＭＤＨ的谱带在它们之间都有相互区别的特征,可以作为鉴定原植物及其产地的生化指标。四种同工酶的ＵＰＧＭＡ和Ｆｕｚｚｙ聚类分析显示鹞落坪半夏和半夏的遗传一致度高,且遗传距离小,它们的遗传差异只能在种内居群间与形态特征的比较相结合,作者认为鹞落坪半夏只是半     

应用A蛋白夹心酶联免疫吸附法鉴定黄瓜花叶病毒血清组

根据Ａ蛋白夹心酶联免疫吸附法（ＰＡＳ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）试验结果可以将我国分离的１６个黄瓜花叶病毒（ＣＭＶ）分离物及４个ＣＭＶ标准毒株（Ｆｎｙ、Ｌｎｙ、Ｍ、ＷＬ）区分为２个血清组．１４个分离物及标准毒株Ｆｎｙ、Ｍ属ＤＴＬ血清组，２个分离物及标准毒株Ｌｎｙ、ＷＬ属ＴｏＲＳ血清组     

农民转移是柳州市全面建设小康社会的关键

增加农民收入是当前农业和农村工作的中心任务,是全面建设小康社会的必然要求.如果再单纯就农村抓农业或就农业抓农业,要大幅度增加农民收入是不可能的.因此要以非农的观念来思考"三农"问题,有则是以经营工业的理念来经营农业,以经营城市的理念来经营农村,要求我们在明晰资源基础上,定人定岗地组织生产.而在全国、全自治区,全市劳动力富余50%的今天,研究和解决转移农民已成为实现全面小康社会不可回避的突出问题.     

酸法提取柑桔皮果胶的条件研究

对采用酸法提取柑桔皮果胶的水料比、加热温度和时间进行了比较试验。结果表明,提取液的pH值为1.3～1.6,水料比为10:1,加热85℃、1～1.5小时,所得果胶溶液经浓缩、乙醇沉淀后,果胶的平均得率为9.9%～10.7%。     

月季切花品种间失水胁迫耐性与抗氧化酶和内肽酶之间的关联

以切花月季品种'Sunny leonidas'和'Sun stone'为试材,探讨失水胁迫加快不同品种衰老进程与失水胁迫耐性差异、抗氧化酶和内肽酶的诱导种类以及活性的内在联系.结果表明:24 h失水胁迫处理分别缩短‘Sunny leonidas'和'Sun stone'瓶插寿命16.4%和36.9%,增加2者花瓣和叶片MDA含量,提高了SOD、CAT和POD酶活性,诱导并提高金属蛋白酶、巯基蛋白酶和丝氨酸蛋白酶3种内肽酶活性,叶片耐失水胁迫能力强于花朵.失水处理后的瓶插期间,'Sunny leonidas'恢复能力强于'Sun stone',表现为前者花瓣和叶片的MDA含量低于后者,'Sunny leonidas'花瓣中SOD,CAT和POD活性高峰(瓶插第4天)晚于'Sun stone'(瓶插第3天),内肽酶活性在第5天显著增加,也晚于'Sun stone'(瓶插第4天),2品种在失水胁迫后的瓶插期间诱导的种类主要为丝氨酸蛋白酶,'Sunny leonidas'增加较为平缓,高峰出现在第5天,晚于'Sun stone'.结果表明:'Sunny leonidas'较'Sun stone'有较强的失水胁迫耐性可能与花瓣中SOD,CAT和POD活性高峰以及内肽酶活性的迅速增加相关联,2品种失水胁迫的差异与丝氨酸蛋白酶的活性相关联,SOD等抗氧化酶活性高峰和内肽酶活性显著升高与切花衰老有一定关联.     

Identification and verification of quantitative trait loci for eating and cooking quality of rice (Oryza sativa)

This study was conducted to identify new quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that have stable effects for eating and cooking quality (ECQ) of rice. Three recombinant inbred line populations of indica rice were each planted in two years. Three traits for ECQ, amylose content (AC), gel consistency (GC) and alkali spreading value (ASV), were measured for QTL analysis. A total of 13 QTLs were detected, including four for AC, six for ASV and three for GC. Two QTLs, qGC4 in the interval RM16252–RM335 on the short arm of chromosome 4 and qGC6.2 in the Alk region, were validated in a population derived from a residual heterozygote that was homozygous at the major locus Wx. In the absence of segregation at the Wx locus, qGC4 and qGC6.2 had additive effects of 2.46 and 8.18 mm, respectively, offering a potential for improving GC property of rice varieties. Comparison between qGC4 and previous results suggests that qGC4 is likely a new QTL for GC, providing a candidate for gene cloning and functional characterization.     

新型脱叶剂欣噻利在赣北棉花上的应用效果初报

为考察新型脱叶剂欣噻利在赣北的使用效果,以中棉所425为试验材料,进行脱叶剂处理试验。结果表明: 喷施欣噻利1800～2700 mL·hm^－2有较好的脱叶催熟效果,在此范围内其剂量越大,脱叶催熟的效果越好;喷施欣噻利对棉花铃重、铃壳质量、衣分以及纤维品质没有显著影响。     

Dyeing performance of the azo dyes containing trifluoromethyl group for polyester fabrics and its single crystal structure

The structures of disperse dyes and their intermolecular interactions have important impacts on dyeing and printing performances for polyester fabrics. The fluorine dyes show some unique molecular stability and photochemical properties. The dyeing property of the azo dye containing trifluoromethyl group for polyester fabrics, 4'-(N-acetoxyethyl-Nethyl)- amino-2-bromine-4-nitro-6-trifluoromethylazo- benzene (D1), was investigated and compared with the similar structure disperse dye. The results show that the high color yield and good exhaustion of the dyed PET fabrics could be obtained. The polyester fabrics dyed with D1 had excellent light fastness. Its single crystal was prepared and the supramolecular interactions were solved by X-ray diffraction. Dye D1 formed triclinic crystals in a trimeric packing mode. The C-F bond distances of CF3 are 1.2730 Å, 1.2240 Å and 1.2900 Å, respectively. The two benzene rings linked azo unit (-N=N-) are obviously twist. The dihedral angle of the two benzene rings is 50.23 o. There are six weak hydrogen bonds around trifluoromethyl group in the intramolecule and intermolecule. The excellent light stability of the dye should be attributed to its unique supramolecular structure.     

稻瘟病胁迫下水稻叶片叶绿素含量与光谱特征参数的相关性研究

为实现受稻瘟病侵染水稻叶片叶绿素含量的高光谱反演,以‘陵两优268’为研究对象,测定受稻瘟病侵染的85个水稻叶片样品的叶绿素含量和高光谱反射率,分析受稻瘟病侵染的水稻叶片高光谱反射率与叶绿素含量间的相关关系,使用线性与非线性回归技术建立叶绿素含量反演模型。结果显示:叶绿素含量与原始光谱及一阶导数光谱的敏感波段分别发生在700 nm和752 nm,基于光谱特征参数SDr的回归模型均方根误差为1.27,平均相对误差为10.2%。研究表明受稻瘟病侵染水稻叶片光谱反射率差异明显,基于光谱特征参数SDr的回归模型预测叶绿素含量具有较高的精度。     

超声波引发合成阳离子聚丙烯酰胺及其表征

在超声波和VA-044引发体系下,丙烯酰胺（AM）单体和丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵（DAC）阳离子单体通过共聚合成阳离子聚丙烯酰胺P（AM-DAC）,该方法具有反应时间短、合成效率高等优点。研究了合成过程中的关键因素对P（AM-DAC）特性粘度的影响规律,并对其合成条件进行优化。实验结果表明： 当AM∶DAC=3∶2、引发剂浓度为0.02%、超声20 min、反应体系pH值为4时,合成的P（AM-DAC）特性粘度最大。红外光谱表征结果表明,P（AM-DAC）是AM与DAC的共聚物,具有-NH₂、C=O、-CH₂-N⁺和-OH等活性基团。P（AM-DAC）在30~200 ℃范围内具有良好稳定性。