湖北省规模化猪场猪繁殖与呼吸综合征血清学检测

为了解湖北省内规模化养猪场猪繁殖与呼吸综合征的感染及疫苗免疫状况,在省内17个地市的50个规模化猪场采集5160份血清样品进行了PRRSV抗体检测。结果显示:未免疫猪场PRRSV抗体平均阳性率为33.54%(21.10%~46.92%),其中公猪的阳性率为0,母猪的阳性率为7.69%,而育肥猪、保育猪及哺乳仔猪的阳性率分别为34.24%、28.18%和38.53%;免疫猪场PRRSV抗体平均阳性率为75.52%(68.46%~100%),其中公猪的阳性率为100%,母猪的阳性率为96.78%,育肥猪、保育猪及哺乳仔猪的阳性率分别为70.07%、74.28%和68.46%。说明PRRS在湖北省普遍流行,且感染程度高,流行范围广,应引起足够的重视。     

春季沙尘天气变化对温室内主要环境因子的影响

通过春季降雨、扬沙、沙尘暴等天气变化过程,研究外界环境对温室内外光照强度、相对湿度、气温、地温等环境因子的影响.结果表明:春季各种灾害天气对温室内外环境因子产生显著影响.降雨、扬沙、沙尘暴等天气显著降低温室内外光照强度、空气温度和土壤温度;降雨增加温室内外相对湿度;扬沙降低温室外相对湿度,增加温室内相对温度;温室内气温降低幅度大,而温室外温度降低程度较小.不同天气变化过程温室内外环境因子变化不一致.温室外光照强度高于温室内,温室内相对湿度、气温、土壤温度均高于温室外,存在明显的相关性.风沙天气应拉紧压膜线、清除尘土、人工补光,改善温室内光照条件.     

高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射法测定芪参口服液中黄芪甲苷的含量

本试验旨在建立高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测器(HPLC-ELSD)测定芪参口服液中黄芪甲苷含量的方法。采用YMC-Pack ODS-A色谱柱(5μm,150 mm×4.6 mm),以乙腈-水(35∶65)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,柱温30℃,飘移管温度65℃,氮气压力30 psi。结果表明,黄芪甲苷对照品在0.60-6.00μg范围内线性关系良好(r=0.999 6),平均加样回收率为97.88%(n=6),峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.20%。该方法灵敏、准确、重复性好,可作为芪参口服液的质量控制方法。     

基于TM影像的玛多县湿地变化监测方法

以玛多县为典型研究区,利用2010年Landsat TM数据比较分析了谱间关系法、归一化水体指数（NDWI）、修正归一化水体指数（MNDWI）及非监督分类4种分类方法提取湿地信息的准确度。结果表明,在较大显著湿地区域,4种方法信息提取的准确度都比较高;在海拔4 500 m以上且地形复杂地区,MNDWI方法的精度明显高于其他3种方法,达到86%;在中部地势较低区域,MNDWI方法不如NDWI方法的准确度高,但优于谱间关系法及非监督分类方法。总体来说,MNDWI方法能很好地将云和地形对湿地信息提取的影响降到最低,筛选最佳湿地信息提取方法有助于保护青藏高原湿地资源。     

生物包膜控释钾肥对烤烟叶片钾含量及产质量的影响

采用田间小区试验,研究了生物包膜控释钾肥基施+追施、全部追施(分2次)对烤烟钾含量及产质量的影响。结果表明,不同施钾处理的烤烟叶片钾含量均随烤烟生育进程的推进逐渐下降。移栽后90d,包膜控释钾肥基施+追施处理、包膜控释钾肥全部追施处理的烟叶钾含量(1.77%、1.62%)分别比对照(普通钾肥基施+追施)提高22.9%和12.5%。不同处理同一叶位的平均钾含量和同一叶位同一部位钾含量均表现为包膜控释钾肥基施+追施处理>包膜控释钾肥全部追施处理>对照。包膜控释钾肥基施+追施处理、包膜控释钾肥全部追施处理的烟叶产量分别比对照提高12.9%、10.3%,产值分别增加4 170.0元/hm2、3 273.0元/hm2,烟叶总糖、还原糖含量和糖碱比均较对照显著提高,评吸总得分分别比对照提高3.1分和1.5分。包膜控释钾肥基施+追施处理和包膜控释钾肥全部追施处理相比,烟叶各测定指标差异不显著。总之,在施钾量相同情况下,与普通钾肥相比,包膜控释钾肥不论基施+追施还是全部追施均表现出较好的增加烟叶钾含量、提高烟叶产量和质量的效果。     

Study on the Phenotypic Mutation Generated from ~(60)Coγ-ray Irradiated Oxlias triangularis Purpurea Regeneration System

Mutations induced from tissue culture are easily to be separated,which might be propagated in the same medium,especially for the color-leaf ornamental grass,Oxalis triaggularis purpurea.Mutations of the ornamental traits in the tissue culture bottle could be investigated easily.The 35 d regeneration system group showed the lowest adventitious bud number and adventitious root number among 4 inoculation dates by 50 Gy dose of ~(60)Coγ radiation.More studies were carried out based on the 35d differentiation state of O.triangularis purpurea regeneration system.The 35 d regeneration system was then irradiated by 10,25 and 50 Gy doses of ~(60)Coγ rays.Numbers of adventitious buds and roots induced from the regeneration system were cut down with the increment of radiation doses.Seedling length was not distinctly reduced at the absorbed doses of 10 and 25 Gy,but reduced distinctly under 50 Gy of ~(60)Coγ irradiation.The optimal irradiation dose for 35 d O.triangularis regeneration system survival and mutation induction was approximately 25 Gy.The M_2 phenotypic mutation rate was 2.9%,especially,and the leaf number mutation accounted for 76%of the total mutation.The phenotypic mutations,especially in the 10 Gy group,on 0.1 m M Vc containing MS medium were recovered,which indicated that ROS plays a key role in the phenotypic mutation induced by ~(60)Coγ -rays.     

论杭州市林业现代化体系建设的目标与对策

建立比较完备的林业生态体系，比较发达的林业产业体系、比较健全的林业保障体系是杭州市林业现代化建设的战略思路，根据现代林业发展的特点，通过分析现状、问题，确定定性定量建设目标，探讨实现途径，制定实施对策、措施，以确保林业现代化体系建设目标的实现。     

兔出血症病毒CD株衣壳蛋白(VP60)基因的克隆、核酸及氨基酸序列比较分析

以兔出血症病毒 CD株人工感染家兔 ,发病死亡后 ,取肝脏匀浆 ,用 Trizol试剂从匀浆上清中提取病毒 RNA。根据 Gen Bank已发表序列保守区设计并合成引物 ,采用 RT- PCR方法扩增了 RHDV衣壳蛋白 VP6 0基因。将所扩增片段克隆到 p MD18- T载体上 ,并进行了序列测定 ,测序结果表明 ,CD株 VP6 0基因全长 174 0 bp。该序列与已发表的其他分布于世界各地的 14株 RHDV序列进行了比较和基因进化树分析。无毒株与各强毒株之间的同源性为 85 .3%～86 .5 % ,强毒株间的同源性较高 ,为 92 .1%～ 10 0 %。根据进化树可把强毒株分为 2大群 ,一群为 CD株、Iowa2 0 0 0株、0 0 - 139株、99- 0 5株 ,其余的为另一群。进一步细分 ,还可以分为 4个亚群和 7个组。但毒株之间的地域性差异并不明显。同时根据 15株 RHDV VP6 0基因的核苷酸序列推导了其所编码的氨基酸序列 ,并进行氨基酸序列的比较和亲水性、柔性区、抗原性和表面结构的比较分析。结果显示 ,各毒株氨基酸之间的的同源性在 90 .5 %～ 10 0 %之间 ,其中无毒株与各强毒株之间的同源性为 90 .5 %～ 91.9% ,强毒株间的同源性在 95 %～ 10 0 %之间 ;氨基酸变异分析未发现突变造成的 VP6 0蛋白高级结构的根本性变化     

蜂胶对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的影响

将复制糖尿病模型的72只SD大鼠随机分为模型组、蜂胶水提液低剂量组(WSP1),蜂胶水提液高剂量组(WSP2)、蜂胶醇提液低剂量组(EEP1)、蜂胶醇提液高剂量组(EEP2)和阳性对照组,另取12只为正常组.除正常组和模型组外,各组分别给予不同的试验药物.给药7周后,抽血测生化指标,同时取肾脏,计算肾脏/体重.结果发现蜂胶能降低糖尿病大鼠的尿酸、尿素、肌酐水平,并且蜂胶给药组大鼠的肾重/体重均比模型组低,表明蜂胶对糖尿病机体内的肾脏组织具有保护作用.     

Current status of biological control of paddy weeds in Vietnam

Rice is a staple food in Vietnam and accounts for > 7.7 × 10⁶ cultivated ha, which provide 35.5 × 10⁶ t of rice, of which 4.2 × 10⁶ t were exported in 2004. The enlargement of the cropping area and the enhancement of rice yield have rapidly increased the amount of agrochemicals, including herbicides, in crop production in Vietnam. From 1990–2003, the percentage of herbicides in total pesticides has increased ≈ 10-fold to 30.2%. In addition, the improper use of herbicides caused environmental hazards, unsafe agricultural products, and human health problems. Biological management integrated with traditional weed control techniques might help to reduce the dependence on synthetic herbicides and build eco-friendly, sustainable agricultural production in Vietnam. This paper reviews the efforts in establishing a strategy for biological management of weeds that was conducted in recent years by Vietnamese weed scientists. This has included cropping system management, water and soil management, integrated pest management, and utilization of plant allelopathy as major components of the strategy. Many plants with strong allelopathic potential can be a source for biological weed suppression and soil fertility improvement. The utilization of allelopathic properties in rice might also help to provide new rice cultivars with weed-suppressing characteristics.