芽孢杆菌BJ-6产抗菌物质发酵条件初探

芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sp.)BJ-6分离自北京市门头沟区杏树根围土壤,它能够产生对多种植物病原真菌有强烈拮抗作用的抗菌物质。采用单因素试验和正交试验进行了发酵条件的筛选,发现:芽孢杆菌BJ-6产生抗菌物质的最适液体培养基配方为麦芽糖20g,蛋白胨10g,麸皮10g,CaCO310g,Na2HPO32g,KH2PO31g和水1000ml;最适发酵条件为:接种种龄10h、接种量1%、发酵温度30℃￣35℃、转速为210r/min、培养时间60h和起始pH为9。     

日粮中添加NCG对妊娠前期鄂尔多斯细毛羊血液、尿囊液和羊水中氨基酸浓度的影响

为了研究日粮中添加NCG(N-氨甲酰谷氨酸)对妊娠前期鄂尔多斯细毛羊血液、尿囊液和羊水中氨基酸浓度的影响,试验选择年龄、胎次和体况相近、平均体重为50.62±0.52 kg的受孕鄂尔多斯细毛羊母羊40只,随机分为3组(NCG1组饲喂基础日粮+0.30 g NCG/d(n=13),NCG2组饲喂基础日粮+0.40 g N...     

我国蛋鸡养殖成本收益及其影响因素分析

本文采用多元线性回归方法对2006～2008年中国小规模、中规模、大规模蛋鸡养殖者的成本收益进行了实证分析.研究发现:精饲料价格是影响蛋鸡养殖成本收益的关键,提高鸡蛋价格也是促进蛋农增收的重要因素,鸡蛋产量的稳定增长对蛋鸡成本收益的提高作用很大.     

利用微卫星标记对宁强矮马和蒙古马遗传多样性的研究

通过8个微卫星位点的多态性检测对宁强矮马和蒙古马共83个个体进行了遗传多样性分析。计算各微卫星位点的等位基因频率、有效等位基因数(Ne)、多态信息含量(PIC)、杂合度(H)和F统计量。结果表明:8个微卫星座位中HMS2变异最大,HTG6变异最小;蒙古马的Ne、PIC、H的平均值均高于宁强马;总群体的平均遗传分化系数Fst为0.017(P<0.01),群体内近交系数Fis为0.171(P<0.01)。说明蒙古马和宁强矮马虽外形和性能上有很大差异,但在品种形成和进化上有着较近的遗传关系。     

Immunization of BALB/c mice with Brucella abortus 2308ΔwbkA confers protection against wild-type infection

Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease that causes animal and human diseases. Vaccination is a major measure for prevention of brucellosis, but it is currently not possible to distinguish vaccinated animals from those that have been naturally infected. Therefore, in this study, we constructed the Brucella (B.) abortus 2380 wbkA mutant (2308ΔwbkA) and evaluated its virulence. The survival of 2308ΔwbkA was attenuated in murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) and BALB/c mice, and it induced high protective immunity in mice. The wbkA mutant elicited an anti-Brucella-specific immunoglobulin G response and induced the secretion of gamma interferon. Antibodies to 2308ΔwbkA could be detected in sera from mice, implying the potential for use of this protein as a diagnostic antigen. The WbkA antigen would allow serological differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals. These results suggest that 2308ΔwbkA is a potential attenuated vaccine against 16M. This vaccine will be further evaluated in sheep.     

Molecular cloning, in vitro expression and bioactivity of goose B-cell activating factor

B-cell activating factor (BAFF), belonging to the TNF family, is critical for B cell survival and maturation. cDNA of goose BAFF (gBAFF) was amplified from goose spleen by RT-PCR. The open reading frame (ORF) of gBAFF encodes a protein of 288-amino acid. The gBAFF shows 98, 92, 44 and 55% amino acid sequence identity with duck (dBAFF), chicken (cBAFF), mouse (mBAFF) and human BAFF (hBAFF), respectively. RT-PCR results showed that gBAFF mRNA is expressed in thymus and more highly expressed in the bursa of Fabricius and spleen. Recombinant soluble gBAFF (gsBAFF) expressed in Escherichia coli has molecular weight of approximately 19kDa. In vitro, purified gsBAFF was able to promote bursa B cells survival/proliferation in goose, duck and chicken. Furthermore, recombinant dsBAFF and csBAFF have a positive effect on goose, duck and chicken bursa B cells survival/proliferation. These findings indicate that gBAFF plays an important role in the survival/proliferation of goose B cells and, owing to its high evolutionary conservation, functional cross-reactivity exists between chicken, duck and goose BAFF.     

Effects of Rumen-Protected Arginine and Soybean Oil on Intramuscular Fat Content and Fatty Acid Composition in Fine Wool Sheep

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加不同水平的过瘤胃保护性精氨酸( rumen-protected arginine,RP-Arg)和大豆油对细毛羊肌内脂肪和脂肪酸组成的影响.试验选用健康、体重相近的15只细毛羊,随机分为5组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加1.5 g/d RP-Arg、2.0 g/d RP-Arg、1.5 g/d RP-Arg+3％大豆油和2.0 g/d RP-Arg+3％大豆油的饲粮.预试期为5d,正试期为45 d.试验结束后每组选2只羊进行屠宰,取背最长肌样用于测定肉质指标和脂肪酸组成.结果表明:试验组肌肉pH、系水率和熟肉率与对照组差异不显著(P＞0.05),而肌内脂肪含量显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);试验组肌肉多不饱和脂肪酸含量与对照组相比显著提高(P＜0.05);添加RP-Arg和大豆油有提高肌肉过氧化物酶体增生物激活受体γ(PPARγ)、脂蛋白脂酶(LPL) mRNA表达量,降低激素敏感性甘油三酯脂肪酶(HSL) mRNA表达量的趋势.综合指标,以1.5 g/d RP-Arg组与1.5 g/d RP-Arg+3％大豆油组添加效果较好.     

The effect of immunosuppression with cyclosporin A on the development of sheep scab

The present study confirms that following infection with the ectoparasitic sheep scab mite, Psoroptes ovis, there is a rapid (within 24 h) inflammatory influx of eosinophils and apoptosis of the keratinocytes at the site of infection. In order to investigate whether these inflammatory reactions are important in the maintenance of mite infection, a group of animals were treated daily after the establishment of infection with the potent anti-inflammatory drug, Cyclosporin A. The course of infection was monitored by determining the lesion area and mite numbers, systemic antibody and blood eosinophils, as well as the inflammatory cells and T cell sub-populations within the lesion throughout the 6-week duration of the experiment. These parameters were compared with those in a similar infected control (non-treated) group. In control infected animals, the lesion area and mite numbers increased steadily throughout the 6-week period. In contrast, lesion area and mite numbers were severely depressed in the group which received Cyclosporin A. Local and systemic eosinophils, and systemic antibody were also significantly reduced in the drug treated animals, compared to controls. Surprisingly however, the number of lesional pan T cells, T helper cells, gammadeltaT cells and dendritic cells in Cyclosporin A treated animals were either the same, or significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced when compared to the control infected animals at the termination of the experiment. The results will be discussed in terms of the role of the dermal inflammatory response in the establishment and maintenance of the sheep scab mite.     

卵黄免疫球蛋白的应用进展

卵黄免疫球蛋白是一种来源丰富的多克隆抗体。由于卵黄抗体不能激活哺乳动物的补体系统,不与哺乳动物的Fc受体、类风湿因子、葡萄球菌蛋白A和葡萄球菌蛋白G结合,因而作为诊断试剂具有较高的敏感性。卵黄抗体具有良好的免疫活性,作为防治药物具有见效快,疗效高,无毒副作用,无残留等优点,目前卵黄抗体已得到了广泛应用。本文综述了卵黄抗体在动物病毒性疾病、细菌性疾病和寄生虫病诊断、预防和治疗等方面的应用及前景。