近15年安阳市耕地土壤养分和pH的演变特征

以安阳市8个县（区）耕地土壤的有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量和酸碱度指标为对象,采用空间插值法,分析了2005～2021年安阳市耕地土壤养分的演变特征。结果表明,不同地区的土壤养分含量存在较大差异,土壤养分含量呈现西部地区高、东部地区低的特征。安阳市在过去15年土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾的指标均呈缓慢上升趋势,土壤有机质含量在2005～2015年上升较慢,2015～2021上升幅度较大;全氮含量在1.01～1.09 g/kg的范围内波动,在2015～2021逐年增加;碱解氮含量在2005～2011年逐年增加,在2011～2021年呈曲折上升的趋势;有效磷含量在2005～2011年快速增加,在2011～2021年趋于稳定;速效钾含量在2005～2015年处于较低水平,在2015～2021年逐年增加;土壤呈现微碱性且pH呈动态变化。与2005年相比,2021年综合肥力指数上升了17.67%。     

家禽营养吸收障碍综合症及预防措施

在1989年9月的国际营养研讨会上,联邦德国的Kanter提交了一篇关于家禽营养吸收障碍综合症(malabsorption syndrome,MAS)的论文。他在该文中描述了MAS的症状,并提出了一些预防家禽MAS的措施。现将该文摘要如下。 MAS的症状 MAS最明显的症状是患禽的生长速度显著降低以及饲料转化率差。感染严重的肉鸡在生长后期体重可能仅是健康鸡的三分之二。在第二剑第三周龄时,饲料转化率尤其低下,此     

Lithic soils in the semi-arid region of Brazil: edaphic characterization and susceptibility to erosion

Soils(Leptosols or Epileptic Regosols)with lithic contact at a depth of 50 cm occupy almost 20%of the Brazilian semi-arid region.These lithic soils are susceptible to erosion due to faster saturation of water-holding capacity during rainfall,which accelerates the beginning of runoff.However,erosion traits of lithic soils in the semi-arid region of Brazil are less studied.The aim of this study was to characterize the soil and landscape attributes in areas with Neossolos Litólicos(Entisols)in the Caatinga biome to identify region of high susceptibility to erosion.Results showed that the soils were characterized by a sandy texture,soil structure with poor development and low content of organic carbon.These attributes increase susceptibility to erosion and reduce water storage capacity,especially in the states of Cearáand Sergipe.In these states,the content of rock fragments in the soil reaches 790 g/kg.High contents of silt and fine sand,high silt/clay ratio,predominance of Leptosols and strong rainfall erosivity were observed in Piauíand northwestern Ceará.A very high degree of water erosion was observed in the states of Pernambuco and Paraíba.Despite the low degree of erosion observed in the state of Bahia,it is highly susceptible to erosion due to the predominance of very shallow soils,rugged relief and high values of rainfall erosivity.Lower vulnerability was observed in the state of Alagoas because of its more smoothed relief,greater effective soil depth,thicker A horizon of soil and lower rainfall erosivity.In general,the characteristics that intensify the susceptibility to erosion in the Caatinga biome are those soil structures with poor development or without aggregation,low contents of organic carbon,high contents of silt and fine sand,high values of silt/clay ratio and rugged relief in some regions.This study collected information contributing to a better characterization of soils with lithic contact in the semi-arid region of Brazil.In addition,regions with a higher susceptibility to erosion were identified,revealing insights that could help develop strategies for environmental risk mitigation.     

Identification of c-kit mutations-independent neoplastic cell proliferation of canine mast cells

Gain-of-function mutations in the proto-oncogene c-kit have been considered the molecular mechanism of neoplastic proliferation of mast cells. However, the importance of c-kit gene mutations is not well evaluated in canine mast cell tumors (MCTs). In the present study, we established and characterized a mast cell line, HRMC, derived from a dog with MCT. We also examined c-kit mutations in HRMC cells and assessed an inhibitory effect of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, STI571, on HRMC cells. HRMC cells had cytoplasmic metachromatic granules, chymase and tryptase, and expressed both KIT and FcepsilonRI on the cell surface. HRMC cells contained histamine and released beta-hexosaminidase through FcepsilonRI cross-linking and calcium ionophore stimulation. Nucleotide sequence analysis demonstrated no mutations in an open reading frame of c-kit cDNA and genomic DNA of the juxtamembrane domain of c-kit in HRMC cells. STI571 did not show any inhibitory effects on the proliferation of HRMC cells. These findings clearly demonstrated the existence of c-kit mutations-independent neoplastic canine mast cell proliferation. The growth factor-independent mast cell line established in this study might be valuable to explore novel mechanisms of c-kit mutations-independent neoplastic proliferation of mast cells in dogs.     

Immune responses in piglets infected with highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) infection compromises the host's innate and adaptive immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune responses of piglets infected with highly pathogenic (HP) PRRSV (HuN4 strain) with or without the immunization with CH-1R attenuated PRRSV vaccine. The response was evaluated for the clinical signs, pathological changes and virus load in immune organs, antibody responses and levels of serum IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10. The result showed that in comparison with the piglets received the immunization, the piglets infected with HP-PRRSV alone had the thymus atrophy, decreased serum levels of IL-4 and increased serum levels of IL-10 and INF-γ. These results suggest that elevated IL-10 levels at the early stage of the infection may enhance virus survival and delay the induction of protective immunity, while increased levels of IL-4 induce the effective immune responses and increase the animals' health status.     

用叶绿素荧光试验快速测定硬粒小麦栽培品种的抗旱性

在光合作用的有机物被光线照明时,少部分所吸收的光是以叶绿素荧光的形式反复放射的.叶绿素荧光强度与光合电子传递活性有关,因而通常用叶绿素荧光作为一种光合作用灵敏度的探测方法(Papageorgiou,1975;Lavorel和Etienne,1977).当细胞处于胁迫时,活体叶绿素荧光可以提供监测叶绿体氧化还原膜系统活性的一种手段.目前,越来越多地应用活体叶绿素荧光来研究胁迫对于危害