Protective role of heat-shock protein 70 in gastric mucosal lesion induced by endotoxin in cirrhotic rats with portal hypertensive gastropathy

AIM: To investigate the protective role of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal damage in cirrhotic rats with portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHG).METHODS: The rat model of liver cirrhosis with PHG was established by injection with tetrachloride.The animals were divided into normal control group, PHG group, PHG+heat treatment group, PHG+BPI21 group and PHG+endotoxin groups.The endotoxin used in the experiment was at the dose of 3 mg/kg and endotoxin antagonist BPI21 was at the dose of 2 mg/kg.HSP70 was induced by pre-treating the animals with mild whole-body heating.The levels of HSP70 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the gastric mucosa were measured by ELISA.Furthermore, the pathological changes of the gastric mucosa were observed under microscope with HE staining.RESULTS: Compared with the normal control rats, the rats in PHG group showed obvious gastric pathological lesion, decrease in HSP70 production and increase in TNF-α level in the gastric mucosa, and increased endotoxin concentration in the plasma.Compared with PHG+endotoxin group, the gastric mucosal lesion in PHG+BPI21 group was significantly attenuated, accompanied by the increase in HSP70 production and decrease in TNF-α level in the gastric mucosa.Heat treatment increased HSP70 production and decreased TNF-α concentration in the PHG rats, thus attenuating the gastric mucosal damage.CONCLUSION: HSP70 alleviates the gastric mucosal lesion induced by endotoxin in cirrhotic rats with PHG and decreases the concentration of TNF-α in gastric mucosa, indicating a protective role of HSP70 in the pathogenesis of gastric mucosal damage in PHG.     

The effect of lactic acid bacterial starter culture and chemical additives on wilted rice straw silage

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are suitable for rice straw silage fermentation, but have been studied rarely, and rice straw as raw material for ensiling is difficult because of its disadvantages, such as low nutrition for microbial activities and low abundances of natural populations of LAB. So we investigated the effect of application of LAB and chemical additives on the fermentation quality and microbial community of wilted rice straw silage. Treatment with chemical additives increased the concentrations of crude protein (CP), water soluble carbohydrate (WSC), acetic acid and lactic acid, reduced the concentrations of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), but did not effectively inhibit the growth of spoilage organisms. Inoculation with LABs did not improve the nutritional value of the silage because of poor growth of LABs in wilted rice straw. Inoculation with LAB and addition of chemical materials improved the quality of silage similar to the effects of addition of chemical materials alone. Growth of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria was inhibited by this mixed treatment and the LAB gradually dominated the microbial community. In summary, the fermentation quality of wilted rice straw silage had improved by addition of LAB and chemical materials.     

一种简单实用的糖厂洗滤布水处理方法

１概述甘蔗糖厂和甜菜糖厂从提汁车间提出的混合汁要经过澄清和过滤才能进入蒸发浓缩结晶工段 ,绝大部分糖厂的泥汁过滤是靠压滤机或真空吸滤机的滤布完成 ,滤布使用一段时间后由于固体物质堵塞 ,必须用清水加以冲洗 ,排出的冲冼水称之谓洗滤布水。目前大多数糖厂的洗滤布水未经任何处理便排走 ,造成严重的环境污染 ,因为这种洗滤布水量大 ,按日榨３０００吨甘蔗的糖厂每天用洗滤布水量达８００—１０００吨之多 ,且水中约ＳＳ含量高达０．３—１．０ % ,ＣＯＤ含量１０００—５０００ｍｇ／Ｌ,还含有０．１—０．５ %的糖份 ,排放后易发臭 …     

江永县植烟土壤有效锰含量分布及影响因素

采集了城关、松柏、桃川、允山、夏层铺5个植烟乡镇的104个土壤样品,研究了江永植烟土壤有效锰含量及其影响因素,为改良江永植烟土壤和烟区的可持续发展提供理论依据。研究结果表明：江永县植烟土壤有效锰含量适中,均值为19.56 mg/kg,变幅为3.80~93.80 mg/kg,变异系数达到93.30%,有效锰含量处于适宜范围的样本比例为49.04%。土壤有效态锰含量会随pH、有机质、全磷、全氮含量升高而降低。4个影响因素pH、有机质、全磷、全氮中,尤以有机质含量对土壤有效锰含量影响最大。     

浅谈森林病虫害的特点和预防措施

近几十年来中国森林病虫害的发生面积逐年递增,危险性病虫害不断出现。对中国森林病虫害发生日趋严重的主要原因进行了分析,并在此基础上,分析了中国森林病虫害防治将要面临的形势及其应采取的对策。     

植物精油在养蜂业中的应用前景

近年来,蜜蜂种群受到多种病敌害的威胁,世界蜂群数量急剧减少,严重影响养蜂业的健康持续发展。植物精油是植物体内的一类次生代谢物质,具有杀虫、抗菌等多种生物活性。相比于其他化学药物,精油具有安全、无污染、不易产生抗药性等优点,在蜜蜂疾病防治方面有着广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了植物精油在5种重要蜜蜂病害(蜂螨、美洲幼虫腐臭病、白垩病、曲霉病和蜜蜂微孢子虫病)防治方面的研究进展。     

Field resistance of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to organophosphates, pyrethroids, carbamates and four newer chemistry insecticides in Hunan, China

The present studies were carried out to evaluate resistance in the populations of Spodoptera litura Fab. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) from five districts of Hunan Province in China to various insecticides from 2010 to 2012 using a standard leaf dip bioassay method. For organophosphates and pyrethroids, resistance ratios compared with a susceptible Lab-BJ strain were in the range of 14–229-fold for organophosphates and 12–227-fold for pyrethroids. Similarly, relative low levels of resistance to emamectin, indoxacarb, and chlorfenapyr were observed in all five populations. In contrast, the resistance to carbamates (thiodicarb or methomyl) was significantly higher than that of organophosphates, pyrethroids and newer chemistry insecticides. The pairwise correlation coefficients of LC₅₀ values indicated that the newer chemistry insecticides and old generation insecticides were not significant except abamectin, which was negatively significantly correlated with methomyl. A significant correlation was observed between thiodicarb, methomyl, and deltamethrin, whereas resistance to bifenthrin showed no correlations with resistance to other insecticides except deltamethrin. The results are discussed in relation to integrated pest management for S. litura with special reference to management of field evolved resistance to insecticides.     

麦秆表面形貌及表面元素分析

利用光学显微镜和X射线光电子能谱仪对麦秆表面形貌及表面元素进行了分析研究。研究表明：麦秆横切面上有表皮组织、薄壁组织和维管组织3种组织；外表面壁上有长细胞、短细胞、栓质细胞、硅细胞和气孔器，外壁被强烈加厚，其不被叶鞘包围的部分有发达的角质层；内表面主要是薄壁细胞，这些细胞之间排列不是很紧密，也没有形成角质层。在麦秆的不同层面上，C元素含量由外及里逐渐降低；O元素、N元素含量由外及里逐渐升高；Si元素含量中间层最高。麦秆表面经过氩离子溅射后，由外及里，随着氩刻的加深，C含量呈现降低趋势，O、N、Si含量呈现升高趋势。由20℃到270℃的升温过程中，170℃是C、O元素含量的转折点，而N、Si元素含量在升温过程中变化幅度不是很大。     

Identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Seafood by Multiplex PCR

ABSTRACT

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a human pathogen frequently found in seafood. Once the seafood is contaminated by V. parahaemolyticus, it can become a vehicle for foodborne illness. The conventional culture methods for detection of V. parahaemolyticus are time-consuming and cannot differentiate pathogenic strains from nonpathogenic ones. In this study, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was investigated for detecting tdh, chiA, and toxR of V. parahaemolyticus. The sensitivity of the multiplex PCR was determined by testing 28 strains of V. parahaemolyticus, 15 non-V. parahaemolyticus strains, and fresh seafood spiked with cells of V. parahaemolyticus. All the strains were analyzed for production of thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH) and chitinase. This study showed that both the chiA and toxR are excellent markers for detecting V. parahaemolyticus strains, and a multiplex PCR targeting chiA and tdh genes can be applied to simultaneously detect environmental and pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus.     

苹果apetala2同源基因的克隆和转化研究

 利用同源克隆的方法从苹果的花芽中分离出apetala2的同源基因MAP2。MAP2全长2 212 bp,编码549个氨基酸。分析表明, MAP2具有AP2家族典型的结构域, 是苹果的AP2同源基因。Southern杂交结果表明, MAP2在基因组中以低拷贝形式存在。采用RT-PCR的方法分析MAP2在不同组织中的表达,结果显示, MAP2在苹果营养组织、花芽以及不同花器官中均有表达, 与拟南芥的AP2、矮牵牛的PhAP2A的表达模式一致。为确定MAP2在苹果中的生物学功能, 构建了35S∶MAP2正义表达载体, 并对‘皇家嘎啦’苹果进行了农杆菌介导的遗传转化。