鸡肾型传染性支气管炎病毒陕西地方株的分离与鉴定

对陕北(榆林)、关中(宝鸡市、扶风县)、陕南(洋县)等地鸡场疑似肾型传染性支气管炎病鸡，进行了病毒分离和鉴定。结果分离到4株IBV(定名为YL-04、BJ-04、FF-04、YX-04)，并对分离病毒进行了血凝性、血凝抑制性、致病性、鸡胚矮小化等生物学特性鉴定。结果发现，分离的4株病毒经1％胰酶处理后的各代病毒尿囊收集液均可凝集鸡红细胞；IBV标准阳性血清可特异性的抑制其凝集性；回归试验可复制出与自然发病相同的病例；病毒传代物有明显的致鸡胚矮小化作用。以上研究结果表明，我们分离到的是鸡传染性支气管炎病毒，临床表现为致肾脏病变的组织嗜性，证明以上地区鸡群发病与肾型传染性支气管炎病毒感染有关。     

Effects of three-dimensional spheroid culture on equine mesenchymal stem cell plasticity

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are useful candidates for tissue engineering and cell therapy fields. We optimize culture conditions of equine adipose tissue-derived MSCs (eAD-MSCs) for treatment of horse fractures. To investigate enhancing properties of three-dimensional (3D) culture system in eAD-MSCs, we performed various sized spheroid formation and determined changes in gene expression levels to obtain different sized spheroid for cell therapy. eAD-MSCs were successfully isolated from horse tailhead. Using hanging drop method, spheroid formation was generated for three days. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to analyze gene expression. As results, expression levels of pluripotent markers were increased depending on spheroid size and the production of PGE₂ was increased in spheroid formation compared to that in monolayer. Ki-67 showed a remarkable increase in the spheroid formed with 2.0?×?10⁵ cells/drop as compared to that in the monolayer. Expression levels of angiogenesis-inducing factors such as VEGF, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-18 were significantly increased in spheroid formation compared to those in the monolayer. Expression levels of bone morphogenesis-inducing factors such as Cox-2 and TGF-β1 were also significantly increased in spheroid formation compared to those in the monolayer. Expression levels of osteocyte-specific markers such as RUNX2, osteocalcin, and differentiation potential were also significantly increased in spheroid formation compared to those in the monolayer. Therefore, spheroid formation of eAD-MSCs through the hanging drop method can increases the expression of angiogenesis-inducing and bone morphogenesis-inducing factors under optimal culture conditions.     

Effect of feed intake level and dietary protein content on the body temperature of pigs housed under thermo neutral conditions

Feed intake and diet composition appear to affect the body temperature of pigs. Two trials were conducted to analyse the effect of feed intake level and dietary protein content on the intestinal temperature (IT) of pigs housed under thermo neutral conditions. Ten pigs (64.1 ± 1.3 kg initial body weight) fitted with an ileal cannula were used. A thermometer set to register the IT at 5‐min intervals was implanted into the ileum through the cannula. In both trials, the ambient temperature ranged from 19.1 to 21.6°C and the pigs were fed at 07:00 and 19:00 hr (same amount each time). In trial 1, the pigs were fed daily 1.2 or 1.8 kg of a wheat–soybean meal diet. The IT followed a similar pattern along a 24‐hr period regardless the feed intake level. The IT rapidly increased up to 0.61 and 0.74°C after the morning meal and up to 0.53 and 0.47°C after the evening meal in pigs fed 1.2 and 1.8 kg/d respectively. The postprandial IT was higher in pigs fed 1.8 kg after each meal (p < .05). In trial 2, pigs were fed daily 1.8 kg of a low (11%) or a high (22%) crude protein diet. The IT followed a similar pattern along the 24‐hr period regardless the dietary protein level. The postprandial IT did not differ between pigs fed the low protein or the high protein (p > .10). The IT rapidly increased up to 0.66 and 0.62°C after the morning meal in pigs fed the high‐ and low‐protein diet (p < .05), but there was no change after the evening meal (p > .10). In conclusion, the feed intake level affected the IT of pigs housed under TN conditions, but the dietary protein content had no effect.     

犊牛魏氏梭菌的分离鉴定及致病性研究

2017年1月,山东省某规模化奶牛场10～20日龄犊牛出现腹泻、拉血便、呼吸困难等症状,部分犊牛突然死亡。通过流行病学调查和尸体剖检,初步怀疑为魏氏梭菌感染。采集病料进行病理组织学检查、细菌分离鉴定、生化试验、16S及毒素基因检测等,证明疫情由A型魏氏梭菌所致。对死亡犊牛的肠内容物及分离菌株进行致病性研究,发现肠内容物及分离菌株具有较强的致病性。药敏试验结果显示,该菌对青霉素、头孢噻呋、恩诺沙星等表现极敏感。根据病原确诊情况及药敏试验结果,指导临床用药,及时控制了牛场疫情。     

花后高温胁迫下匀播春小麦旗叶的转录组分析

为研究不同播种模式下花后高温胁迫对春小麦旗叶转录组的影响,以宁春50号为试验材料,采用人工模拟高温的方法,设条播和匀播两种播种方式,灌水施肥方式均为水肥一体化,对高温处理后的春小麦旗叶分别构建转录组测序文库,采用FPKM法计算基因的相对表达量,并对差异表达基因进行KEGG通路分析。结果表明,相较于常温处理,高温胁迫下条播和匀播滴灌处理分别有199和1 819个基因上调表达,55和1 335个基因下调表达,说明高温胁迫下匀播滴灌处理对春小麦旗叶转录组的表达影响明显。KEGG通路富集分析结果显示,高温胁迫下与条播滴灌处理对比,匀播滴灌处理的春小麦光合作用-天线蛋白通路注释到的差异表达基因最多,有52个,其次为淀粉和蔗糖通路(注释到50个差异表达基因);而常温条件下与条播滴灌处理对比,匀播滴灌处理的春小麦淀粉和蔗糖代谢通路注释到的差异表达基因最多,有49个,其次为光合作用-天线蛋白通路(注释到41个差异表达基因)。因此,高温胁迫下匀播滴灌技术可以更好地改善植物的光合系统,有效缓解高温引起的小麦植株早衰。     

EOS/MODIS遥感监测在甘肃迭部重大森林火灾中的应用

森林生态系统是陆地自然生态系统中最大的生态系统,它在整个自然界的动态平衡中具有重要的作用.森林火灾是生态环境的一种重大自然灾害,全世界每年发生森林火灾几十万次.特别是20世纪80年代以来,全球气候持续变暖,林火有上升的趋势(舒立福等,1997).     

浅谈CFG桩复合地基

CFG桩是一种新的加固地基方法。具有适用范围广、加固地基效果明显、综合利用粉煤灰和工业废渣等优点。经济效益和社会效益好,极有推广价值。     

超早强大体积混凝土的温控防裂

论述了对大体积混凝土的原材料,通过优化配合比设计、提高混凝土设计等级、选用适当外加剂、增设导流管等技术措施和先进的施工工艺,并结合测温加强养护,可以解决大体积混凝土施工中的温度裂缝问题。     

毛竹顺纹抗拉性质的变异及与气干密度的关系

将毛竹轴向分段(4段)、径向分层(6层)取样,研究其顺纹抗拉弹性模量和顺纹抗拉强度的变异规律,顺纹抗拉性质与气干密度之间的关系.结果表明:毛竹的顺纹抗拉弹性模量和顺纹抗拉强度的径向变异很大,不同位置竹材的顺纹抗拉弹性模量为8.49～32.49 GPa,最外层竹材的顺纹抗拉弹性模量约是最内层的3～4倍;不同位置顺竹材顺纹抗强度在115.94～328.15 MPa之间,最外层竹材的顺纹抗强度是最内层的2～3倍.用直线方程预测毛竹顺纹抗拉性质的效果略优于曲线方程的效果.     

ω-3长链多不饱和脂肪酸对母猪繁殖性能的影响

长链多不饱和脂肪酸(LC PUFAs)在母猪营养中的作用经常被人们研究,因为猪场的盈利能力主要取决于母猪的繁殖性能.根据以往的研究结果,母猪妊娠期喂食ω-3 LC PUFAs可以减少前列腺素的合成,提高胚胎存活率和仔猪初生重;哺乳期饲喂ω-3 LC PUFAs可以提高乳汁中EPA和DHA含量,改善哺乳仔猪肠道健康和断奶...