漳河水库入库洪水抗误差预报方案

漳河水库由观音寺水库和鸡公尖水库通过半天然明槽相互连通组成，因受库水位观测、明槽输水计算、动库容计算误差等的复杂影响，以往多次建立的洪水预报方案均未达到可供应用的水平。在分析漳河水库入库洪水误差产生特点的基础上，通过建立抗误差产汇流预报模型和自适应实时校正技术，使漳河水库洪水预报方案平均确定性系数达91.09%，洪峰合格率达100%，峰现时间合格率达90.91%；观音寺水库洪水预报方案的平均确定性系数达90.63%，洪峰合格率达100%，峰现时间合格率达100%，终于建立了达到甲等水平的漳河水库洪水预报应用方案。     

小型汽油机电喷自动监控系统的研究

为改善车用汽油机的动力性、排放性和燃油经济性,对车用汽油机电喷系统进行了开发研究。使用计算机的RS-232接口与单片机进行串行通讯,实时监测和修正汽油机的各项参数,以获得满足动力性、排放性和经济性的最佳MAP值。采用VB6.0对上位机进行编程控制并设计了与之匹配的ECU,实现了上、下位机之间的实时通讯。     

浅谈J1939协议在客车CAN总线中的应用

闸述了J1939协议的原理、特点及其发展状况；提出了J1939在客车的应用中存在的问题；展望了J1939在客车上的应用的发展前景。     

苹果果树渗灌试验研究

1989到1991年对10年生国光和金帅苹果品种的果树进行的渗灌试验结果如下:1,能节水并可防涝;2,可增加土壤孔隙度,提高土壤养分含量;3,增加吸收根数量,促进树体的生长发育。座果率和单株(或单位面积)产量均比漫灌(对照)区高;4,到1991年,果品质量有了明显的改善;5,多孔陶土管成本低;6,田间管理方便。     

基于GPS-OEM板和单片机的GPS接收机的设计

以Trimble公司的LassenTMSQGPS-OEM板为例,介绍了用于林区巡检系统中的GPS接收机的设计。讨论了GPS-OEM板的工作原理和通信协议,给出了基于OEM板和单片机的GPS定位接收机的硬件设计方案和软件设计流程。     

典型旱作农田土壤氧化亚氮排放的氨氧化微生物相对贡献

氨氧化过程对氧化亚氮（N2O）排放具有重要贡献。在不同土壤类型和农田管理下,氨氧化微生物类群对N2O排放的相对贡献组成规律还缺乏系统的研究。本研究选取典型农田耕层土壤（潮土、黑土、砖红壤）,以及有机肥改良的砖红壤剖面土壤,采用选择性抑制法（乙炔和辛炔）研究氨氧化细菌（AOB）、氨氧化古菌和全程硝化菌（AOA+comammox）以及异养硝化菌对土壤硝化潜势、净硝化速率及N2O排放的相对贡献。结果表明,在耕层土壤中,潮土、黑土和砖红壤的pH分别是8.0、6.7和5.7,硝化潜势分别是N 32.5、6.6和4.8 mg?kg-1?d-1,净硝化速率分别是N 7.1、3.0和0.5 mg?kg-1?d-1,7天N2O累积排放量分别是N 38.0、35.4和8.7 μg?kg-1。AOB主导耕层土壤的硝化潜势,对硝化潜势的贡献分别是82%、58%和100%。对于净硝化速率,在潮土和砖红壤中,AOB和AOA+comammox贡献相当（均在30%~40%）,而黑土中由AOB主导（72%）。AOB主导耕层土壤的N2O排放,对N2O排放的贡献分别是72%、92%和58%。在改良的砖红壤剖面土壤中,在0~20 cm、20~40 cm和40~60 cm,pH分别是7.0、5.5和4.9,硝化潜势分别是N 6.6、2.0和1.1 mg?kg-1?d-1,净硝化速率分别是N 4.1、0.9和0.2 mg?kg-1?d-1,N2O排放分别是N 16.3、6.5和2.8 mg?kg-1?d-1。随土壤由深层至表层,硝化潜势、净硝化速率及N2O排放显著提高。AOA+comammox主导表层硝化潜势及净硝化速率的提高（分别贡献63%和54%）,AOB主导N2O排放的增加（贡献54%）。本研究为制定与土壤氨氧化特性及土壤性质相匹配的N2O减排措施提供了新的科学依据。     

Cellular Localization of Rice SUMO/SUMO Conjugates and in vitro Sumoylation Using Rice Components

正Many proteins are regulated by post-translational modifications,such as the reversible covalent attachment of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins in eukaryotes(Kerscher et al, 2006). Post-translational modification of proteins by the SUMO protein family is involved in diverse cellular processes, including development, hormonal responses, and biotic and abiotic stress signaling(Park et al, 2011). SUMO modification can modulate protein-protein interactions, intracellular localization or the activities of the protein(Gareau and Lima, 2010).     

Relay-intercropping soybean with maize maintains soil fertility and increases nitrogen recovery efficiency by reducing nitrogen input

Optimized nitrogen(N)management can increase N-use efficiency in intercropping systems.Legume-nonlegume intercropping systems can reduce N input by exploiting biological N fixation by legumes.Measurement of N utilization can help in dissecting the mechanisms underlying N uptake and utilization in legume-nonlegume intercropping systems.An experiment was performed with three planting patterns:monoculture maize(MM),monoculture soybean(SS),and maize-soybean relay intercropping(IMS),and three N application levels:zero N(NN),reduced N(RN),and conventional N(CN)to investigate crop N uptake and utilization characteristics.N recovery efficiency and 15N recovery rate of crops were higher under RN than under CN,and those under RN were higher under intercropping than under the corresponding monocultures.Compared with MM,IMS showed a lower soil N-dependent rate(SNDR)in 2012.However,the SNDR of MM rapidly declined from 86.8%in 2012 to 49.4%in 2014,whereas that of IMS declined slowly from 75.4%in 2012 to 69.4%in 2014.The interspecific N competition rate(NCRms)was higher under RN than under CN,and increased yearly.Soybean nodule dry weight and nitrogenase activities were respectively 34.2%and 12.5%higher under intercropping than in monoculture at the beginning seed stage.The amount(Ndfa)and ratio(%Ndfa)of soybean N2 fixation were significantly greater under IS than under SS.In conclusion,N fertilizer was more efficiently used under RN than under CN;in particular,the relay intercropping system promoted N fertilizer utilization in comparison with the corresponding monocultures.An intercropping system helps to maintain soil fertility because interspecific N competition promotes biological N fixation by soybean by reducing N input.Thus,a maize-soybean relay intercropping system with reduced N application is sustainable and environmentally friendly.     

一氧化碳(CO)在植物体内的生理生化作用研究进展

为了促进一氧化碳(CO)在植物生理生化方面的研究,本文归纳了CO在植物体中的生物合成途径,CO作为信号分子对植物各种生理功能的调控,以及CO与其他信号分子之间的相互作用。经过分析得出,CO在植物生物胁迫过程中的作用及其作用机制方面的研究还很少,因此,CO在这方面的研究将会成为今后的研究重点。