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41.
42.
Mari J Palviainen Sami Junnikkala Marja Raekallio Seppo Meri Outi Vainio 《Acta veterinaria Scandinavica》2015,57(1)
Background
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used to treat inflammatory pain in humans and animals. An overdose of an NSAID is nephrotoxic and can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI). Complement activation occurs in several types of renal disorders with proteinuria. The aim of this study was to investigate whether complement system becomes activated in kidneys after a high dose of NSAID. Kidney tissue and urine samples were collected from six sheep with ketoprofen-induced AKI and from six healthy control sheep. The localization of complement proteins in kidney tissue was carried out using immunohistochemical stainings, and excretion of C3 was tested by immunoblotting.Results
The complement system was found to become activated in the kidney tissue as demonstrated by positive immunostaining for C1q, C3c, C4c, C5, C9 and factor H and by Western blotting analysis of C3 activation products in urine samples in sheep with AKI.Conclusions
Our results thus suggest that the alternative complement pathway is activated, and it may contribute to the acute tubular injury seen in the kidneys of NSAID-induced AKI sheep. Inhibition of complement activation may serve as potential therapeutic target for intervention in drug-induced AKI. 相似文献43.
44.
Josiene S. Veloso Waléria G. Lima Ailton Reis Vinson P. Doyle Sami J. Michereff Marcos P. S. Câmara 《Plant pathology》2021,70(1):167-180
Anthracnose is the main fungal disease on cashew orchards in Brazil, occurring on both vegetative and reproductive organs of cultivated and noncultivated host plants. Understanding the effect of physical and chemical exogenous factors on the biological traits of Colletotrichum spp. and determining their host range are key to developing appropriate anthracnose control measures. The present study aimed to estimate the optimum temperatures for mycelial growth, sporulation, and conidial germination of seven Colletotrichum species (C. chrysophilum, C. fragariae, C. fructicola, C. gloeosporioides, C. queenslandicum, C. siamense, and C. tropicale) associated with cashew anthracnose in Brazil. Their aggressiveness on cashew leaves and six alternative host fruits, and their sensitivity to three fungicides were also investigated. The optimum temperatures for mycelial growth, sporulation, and conidial germination ranged from about 25 to about 33°C. All Colletotrichum species induced anthracnose symptoms on wounded cashew leaves, but none of them caused lesions on intact leaf surfaces. The Colletotrichum species, except for C. fragariae and C. fructicola, were pathogenic to wounded fruits of avocado, banana, guava, mango, and papaya, and some isolates also produced lesions on nonwounded fruit tissues. No symptoms were observed on passion fruits, regardless of the inoculation method. Mycelial growth, sporulation, conidial germination, and/or appressorial formation of the seven Colletotrichum species were inhibited by azoxystrobin, difenoconazole, and thiophanate-methyl to varying degrees. The present study will contribute to the development of forecasting models based on prevailing weather of cashew cropping zones and improve cashew anthracnose management in Brazil. 相似文献
45.
Progeny production of a new entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema abbasi in various lepidopterous prepupae was investigated. Most dauer juveniles (DJs) developed in the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella (234 000) but the bollworms Helicoverpa virescens (220 000) and Spodoptera exigua (166 000) were also good hosts. Progeny production was independent of the number of nematodes invading the host between the doses of 40 and 230 DJs. The infectivity of DJs declined when they were stored for 3 months but at 30°C approximately 11% of the DJs were still infective. S. abbasi is a nematode of the semi-arid tropics and it would be possible to use the nematode to target pests in these areas if it can be produced satisfactorily locally. 相似文献
46.
The present work analyzes energy saving in on-demand irrigation systems served by an upstream pumping station. The objective
of this work is to identify the best pumping station operating mode to optimize energy consumption. This objective can be
achieved by matching the discharge and the pressure head required by the network (characteristic curve of the network) during
the whole irrigation season with the pumping station characteristic curves. The characteristic curve of the network can be
obtained using an appropriate stochastic generation modeling, and COPAM software was used in the present work. The characteristic
curves of the pumps can be adapted to the network characteristic curve by equipping the pumping station with variable speed
devices. Several types of regulation based on variable speed techniques were identified and analyzed. The differences in energy
consumption for each technique were quantified for two on-demand irrigation districts in Southern Italy and managed by the
Water Users Organization “Consortium of Capitanata”. It was demonstrated that in comparison with the current pumping station regulation, energy savings of about 27 and 35% may
be achieved for the two districts. 相似文献
47.
Biostimulants may enhance the yield and improve crop quality. Scientific reports, however, are still scarce, particularly for the intensive vegetable production area in Egypt. Therefore two field experiments were carried out in the two consecutive seasons in 2009/2010 and 2010/2011. The field trials were performed in sandy soil in the vegetable production in the, area, Giza Governorate (Centre of Egypt). The aim of this work was to evaluate the use of two bio-stimulants for reducing the nitrate content and improving the commercial quality of head lettuce. This study was arranged in a split plot experiment in three replications. The treatments included two nitrogen sources (ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate) as main plot and two bio-stimulants (FZB24® and Actiwave®) as sub-plot. The criteria measured were fresh and dry weights of leaves, number of leaves, yield and the contents of nitrogen, nitrate total sugars as well as chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Results obtained showed that regardless of the nitrogen source, the FZB 24 and Actiwave at both rates significantly increased the leaf number, fresh and dry weights of leaves and the total yield. The highest contents of chlorophyll, total sugars, carotenoids and lower nitrate contents were found in lettuce leaves treated with FZB 24 and Actiwave at the increased rates. The nitrogen source application did not affect the fresh and dry weight of leaves, the yield, the total sugars and chlorophyll contents. Whereas, ammonium sulfate as a nitrogen source significantly increased the leaf number and decreased the nitrate content. Biostimulants exerted a positive role with regard to yield and quality of head lettuce. 相似文献
48.
Yen‐Ju Pan Sami Souissi Anissa Souissi Cheng‐Han Wu Shin‐Hong Cheng Jiang‐Shiou Hwang 《Aquaculture Research》2014,45(10):1659-1671
Copepods are crucial source of live feeds in the aquaculture industry. In particular, several species of the genus Acartia are considered optimal prey for fish larvae. The species Acartia bilobata has excellent potential for marine larvae culture, as it is easy for mass culture. This study investigated the effects of various algal diets on the egg production and egg‐hatching rate of A. bilobata. The results indicated that the single‐species diet Isochrysis galbana was the most supportive diet for A. bilobata egg production and female life span in all treatments (egg production: 23.85 ± 0.70 eggs female?1 day?1 and female life span: 18.00 ± 1.45 days). Nannochloropsis oculata and Tetraselmis chui treatments gave markedly lower egg production and female life span as both single‐species and multiple‐species diets. For the egg hatching‐rate experiment, except for the T. chui treatment, which yielded a considerably lower hatching rate than the other diets, the hatching rate was only slightly affected by the algal diets. These results confirm that A. bilobata, a tropical brackish‐water copepod species, develops rapidly at 28°C and can produce a large number of eggs; therefore, it has considerable potential for larvae culture. 相似文献
49.
Two new coumarins, named Euonidiol (1) and Euoniside (2) were isolated from the aerial parts of Euonymus hamiltonianus. 相似文献
50.
Effects of potential probiotic Bacillus subtilis KADR1 and its subcellular components on immune responses and disease resistance in Labeo rohita 下载免费PDF全文
The present study was conducted to determine the effects of Bacillus subtilisKADR1 and its subcellular components on immunity and disease resistance in Labeo rohita against Aeromonas hydrophila infection. Fish were fed diet containing different concentrations of live bacterial cells (DI‐106, DII‐108 and DIII‐1010 CFU/g) and another group of fish were immunized intraperitoneally with cellular components (WCPs, CWPs and ECPs) of Bacillus subtilisKADR1. After 4 weeks of trial, fish were challenged intraperitoneally with Aeromonas hydrophila cell suspension and survival percentage was recorded. Significantly higher post‐challenge survivability was recorded in fish groups fed 108 CFU/g of KADR1 (80.24%; RPS = 75.76%) or immunized with WCPs (77.77%; RPS = 72.73%), compared with the control (18.51%). Analysis of immunological parameters viz. serum lysozyme, phagocytosis, serum total protein, respiratory burst, serum IgM levels, superoxide dismutase and alternative complement pathway activity reflected significant enhancement (p < .05) of immune response in fish fed 106, 108 and 1010 CFU/g of live cells, or immunized with cellular components of Bacillus subtilisKADR1, with the highest values were observed DII fed group, followed by the group immunized with WCPs. Our results suggest that dietary administration of Bacillus subtilisKADR1 at 108 CFU/g can effectively enhance the immune responses and disease resistance in Labeo rohita against Aeromonas hydrophila. 相似文献