日粮钙水平对泌乳水牛生产性能的影响

为了探讨日粮钙水平对泌乳水牛生产性能的影响,本试验选用12头胎次、泌乳时间、泌乳量相近的水牛,随机分成4组,每组3头水牛。采用4×4拉丁方试验方法,4组水牛基础日粮中钙含量分别占基础日粮干物质的0.47%、0.62%、0.78%、0.93%,其他营养成分均相同,其中磷占采食干物质比例为0.50%;共4期试验,每一试验期21 d,其中预饲期7 d,正饲期14 d。试验结果表明:1、不同钙水平日粮对泌乳水牛的产奶性能影响不显著(P>0.05),但0.78%钙水平日粮组水牛的产奶量分别比其他3组提高5.4%、5.5%、3.9%,不同钙水平对水牛奶营养成分影响不显著(P>0.05)。2、不同钙水平日粮对水牛血浆中钙含量影响差异显著(P<0.05);随着日粮钙水平的上升,水牛血液甲状旁腺素和1,25二羟基维生素D呈显著下降趋势(P<0.05)。综合各指标,日粮钙占采食干物质的比例为0.78%能进一步提高泌乳水牛产奶量。     

Influence of murine cytomegalovirus infection on the differentiation and the differentiation genes expression in neural stem cells

AIM: The influence of MCMV infection on differentiation and differentiation gene expression in neural stem cells(NSCs) in vitro were investigated for studying the mechanisms of brain abnormalities caused by congenital cytomegalovirus infection.METHODS: NSCs were separated from fetal BALB/C mouse, and cultured and identified in vitro. The differentiation potency of NSCs was observed by immunofluorescence. The NSCs infected by MCMV at dosage of MOI(multiplicity of infection) equaled to 5, 1 and 0.1,respectively, were cultured in differentiation medium. The morphological changes of infected cells were observed under inverted microscope. The ratios of NSCs and its differentiated cells were detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of nestin, GFAP and NSE, markers of NSCs and its differentiated cells, were studied by immunofluorescence(MOI=1). The expression of early antigen(EA) of MCMV was detected to observe the infection process. Real-time RT-PCR method was employed to measure the expression levels of the key genes Neurog2, Myc and Ccnd1 in Wnt signal pathway of NSCs at early stage of differentiation culture.RESULTS: NSCs isolated from embryonic mouse brains proliferated to form neurospheres, strongly expressed nestin and differentiated into NF-200 positive neurons or GFAP positive astrocytes. The infected NSCs did not adhere to the wall and appeared differentiation growths, but showed swollen gradually after differentiation culture. The nestin expression in the infected cells downregulated slowly and was higher than that in control groups(P<0.05). The GFAP and NSE expressions of the infected cells were lower than those in control groups(P<0.05). The early antigen(EA) of MCMV was always detected in the cells in infected groups. The ratios of nestin positive cells in infected groups were higher than those in control groups, but the ratios of GFAP and NSE positive cells of former were lower than that of the latter from 3rd to 9th d after differentiation culture(P<0.05). The levels of Neurog2 mRNA and Myc mRNA in infected groups were markedly lower than those in normal control groups on 1st d and from 1st to 4th d after differentiation culture, respectively(P<0.05). The levels of Ccnd1 mRNA of infected groups were obviously lower than those in normal control groups from 12th h to 1st d(P<0.05). These changes in infected groups became more obvious as MCMV MOI increased.CONCLUSION: MCMV significantly inhibits differentiation of NSCs to neurons and astrocytes, and leads to the decrease in differentiated cells. MCMV inhibits or interferes with the gene expression of Neurog2, Myc and Ccnd1 in Wnt signal pathway of NSCs. The effect that MCMV inhibits the expressions of differentiation and the differentiation genes in NSCs shows dose-dependent with MCMV MOI. The inhibitory effect of MCMV on the differentiation of NSCs might be induced by interfering with the expression of differentiation gene in NSCs, which is possibly the one of primary causes of brain development disorders induced by congenital CMV infection.     

木香花挥发性组分的定量结构-色谱保留关系研究

采用分子电性距离矢量(MEDV)表征了木香花挥发性成分的分子结构,建立了色谱定量结构-保留关系(QSRR)模型,同时运用多元线性回归/逐步回归对模型进行变量筛选,建立了53种木香花挥发性成分气相色谱保留时间(tR)与MEDV的定量相关10 变量、 6变量模型及线性保留指数(ILR)的10、7、6变量模型.QSRR模型的建模计算值复相关系数(R)分别为0.949、0.906、0.906、0.949和0.943.留一法交互校验复相关系数(RCV)分别为0.867、0.904、0.905、0.901和0.904.结果表明所建模型具有良好估计能力与稳定性.     

Effects of hypoxia on the expression of heparanase and invasiveness of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line

AIM: To evaluate the effects of hypoxia on the expression of heparanase and the invasiveness of SKOV3 ovarial carcinoma cell line. METHODS: SKOV3 cells were incubated at either normoxia (37 ℃, 5％CO2, 21％O2) or hypoxia (37 ℃, 5％CO2, 1％O2) condition for 12 h, 24 h and 36 h. RT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect mRNA and the protein expressions of heparanase under different conditions. Cell invasiveness was measured by matrigel invasion assay. RESULTS: Compared to normoxia group, the heparanase mRNA expression level in hypoxia group was increased and in 12 h hypoxia group was the highest. The heparanase protein expression in hypoxia group was also significantly increased (P<0.01) and the expression of heparanase in hypoxia group was also different (P<0.05). Compared to normoxia group, the level of cell invasion was markedly increased in 12 h, 24 h and 36 h groups (P<0.05). During 12-36 h hypoxia period, the increase in hypoxia-induced invasiveness in SKOV3 cell line showed a time-dependent manner (P<0.05). Meanwhile, there was a positive correlation between the expression of HPA and the invasiveness of SKOV3 cells (r=0.8530, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Invasion of SKOV3 cells in hypoxia condition correlates with heparanase level. Hypoxia plays an important role in the augmentation of the heparanase expression and the invasiveness of human ovarian cancer.     

池塘青虾高产养殖技术

青虾，学名日本沼虾，肉质细嫩，味道鲜美，是近年来出现的新的养殖品种。因其养殖设施简单、投资少、效益高、市场容量大等特点，近年来池塘青虾养殖面积在杭嘉湖地区得到大规模的发展。目前全省养殖面积已达８万多亩，养殖技术日趋完善，养殖产量和养成规格不断提高，所取得的经济效益也十分明显。一般亩产青虾７５—１００ｋｇ，亩利润１５００—２５００元，高的亩产量可达１５０ｋｇ以上，亩利润高达４０００多元。现将在池塘青虾养殖过程中所采取的主要技术措施总结如下。１虾塘条件１．１面积 １—４亩较适宜，太小易缺氧，太大管理…     

2022年夏季汉江中下游水华生消驱动因子及其贡献率量化研究

2022年夏季，长江流域遭遇了罕见的“汛期反枯”极端水文事件，在此期间，汉江中下游首次发现了蓝藻水华。本研究选取叶绿素a浓度作为衡量水华的关键指标，基于偏最小二乘回归（Partial least squares regression，PLSR）量化了不同环境因子对2022年夏季汉江中下游（仙桃、宗关断面）水华生消的贡献率。结果表明：（1）仙桃和宗关断面叶绿素a浓度与溶解氧、pH值和水温均呈现出显著的正相关关系。溶解氧、pH值和水温对2022年夏季汉江中下游水华生消的贡献程度最高，三者对仙桃和宗关断面水华生消的贡献率分别为15.18%、13.68%、14.50%和18.06%、15.93%、15.65%。（2）基于偏最小二乘路径模型（Partial Least Squares Path Modeling，PLS-PM），本研究进一步解析了各环境因子对叶绿素a浓度变化的影响路径。结果表明气象因子是2022年夏季汉江中下游蓝藻水华暴发的诱导因子，高温无雨的极端天气导致水温和pH上升，加速了藻类的代谢反应速率。同时，河道流量减小延长了有机物和营养盐的传输和滞留时间，为藻类生长提供了稳定的营养条件。并且水华“萌发”时段可能与汉江中下游“涝旱急转”时段重叠。因此，本文建议下一步研究应结合准确的中长期气象预报信息，在“涝旱急转”时段实时优化汉江中下游水华防控调度的下泄流量与下泄时机，这将有可能大大提高水华防控的效率和效果。     

柑橘衰退病毒柚类分离物CP基因的克隆及原核表达分析

以来自湖北省的HB柚柑橘衰退病毒(Citrus tristeza virus,CTV)分离物(CTV-HB1)为材料,利用RT-PCR技术对其CP基因进行克隆,序列分析结果表明:CTV-HB1与典型茎陷点分离物SY568和NUagA的核苷酸和推定氨基酸的序列相似性均在97%以上,而与CTV速衰分离物T36和弱毒分离物T385和T30的核苷酸和氨基酸序列相似性较低,均在95%以下。将CP基因片段连接到表达载体,转化大肠杆菌后诱导重组蛋白的表达。SDS-PAGE和Westen-blot分析结果表明,经IPTG诱导后产生了预期大小的重组蛋白,该蛋白可与CTV-L5提纯病毒制备的多克隆抗体发生特异性免疫反应。     

77份裸燕麦品种籽粒相关性状分析北大核心CSCD

对77份裸燕麦品种籽粒品质等相关性状进行测定,运用聚类分析方法对测定指标进行分类比较,并采用灰色关联度进行综合评价,以期筛选出籽粒性状在青海表现良好的裸燕麦品种。主要研究结果如下:1)供试燕麦品种千粒重变异系数最高为49.29%,籽粒粗脂肪和粗蛋白含量变异系数相对较低,分别为12.23%和9.83%;千粒重与籽粒长度、宽度和直径呈极显著正相关;籽粒含水率与粗蛋白、淀粉含量呈极显著负相关,籽粒粗蛋白含量与粗脂肪含量呈极显著负相关;2)灰色关联分析表明77份裸燕麦品种籽粒性状综合评价较高的3个品种分别为5号(0.679)、73号(0.676)和26号(0.649);3)供试燕麦性状聚类分析表明,77份裸燕麦品种可被分成6个类群,其中类群Ⅵ中综合评价前10的品种占70%,包括综合评价较高的3个品种(5号、73号和26号),可考虑作为优异燕麦品种的选择区域。     

Monitoring Forest Fire with MODIS-NDVI Images in Beijing

INTRODUCTION The moisture content of fuel is a critical parameter in fire ignition because flammability is closely dependent on it (Dimitrakopoulos et al. 2001). Dead fuel lying on the forest floor (fallen branches, litter, foliage) is the most dangerous because it is drier than live fuel and more dependent on rapid atmospheric changes. The moisture content of live fuel plays a marginal role in fire ignition, but it is critical in fire propagation modeling because the amount of water is d…