Hyperthyroidism associated with a thyroid adenoma in a dog

Hyperthyroidism associated with thyroid adenoma was diagnosed in a dog. Typical clinical signs of hyperthyroidism were resolved with surgical excision of the adenoma. Hyperthyroidism in dogs usually is associated with thyroid carcinoma, which has a poor prognosis. This case emphasizes the importance of obtaining a histologic diagnosis of thyroid tumors in hyperthyroid dogs before giving a prognosis.     

Toxicity of pyrethroids to larvae of the egyptian cotton leafworm,Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.). I. Relative toxicities and knockdown activities of benzyl,and 5-benzyl-3-furylmethyl,cyclopropanecarboxylates

The contact toxicity of ten pyrethroids to larvae of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) was investigated by topical application, and symptoms observed for different combinations of dose and time. Several compounds were sufficiently active to suggest that they may prove useful for the control of populations in the field. Structure and activity are discussed with particular reference to time-dose-response relationships: speed of action is related to both chemical structure and applied dose.     

Causal agents of bovine theileriosis in southern Africa

Summary One pathogenic and 4 mild bovineTheileria strains from southern Africa, all transmitted byRhipicephalus appendiculatus, were compared amongst themselves as well as to bovine and buffalo strains of theT. parva complex from eastern and southern Africa and to bovine strains ofT. taurotragi from Tanzania considered to be derived from eland antelope. Criteria used were parasitological, clinical, serological and cross-immunity characters.The mild strains are similar to bovineT. taurotragi. Serological evidence suggested thatT. taurotragi is also infective to sheep. The pathogenic strain belongs to theT. parva complex; the latter consists of a series of types with different behaviour ranging from thelawrencei-type (of buffalo) causing Corridor disease, through thebovis-type causing Rhodesian malignant theileriosis to theparva-type causing classical East Coat fever. Seven cattle-tick passages of abovis-type strain did not result in transformation into aparva-type.Four species of bovineTheileriae are now known to occur in southern Africa:T. parva (lawrencei- andbovis-types) andT. taurotragi, both transmitted byR. appendiculatus, andT. mutans andT. velifera both withAmblyomma spp. as vectors.

---

Agentes Causales De Theileriosis En El Sur De Africa

Resumen Se compararon 5 cepas deTheileria del sur de Africa, 1 patógena y 4 benignas, todas transmitidas porRhipicephalus appendiculatus, entre si y también con cepas derivadas de bovinos y búfalos, del complejoT. parva, del sur y este de Africa, y con cepas bovinas deT. taurotragi de Tanzania derivadas de antílope eland. Los criterios de evaluación utilizados fueron parasitológico, clínico, serológico, utilizando también los caracteres de inmunidad cruzada.Las cepas benignas son similares aT. taurotragi de bovinos. Las pruebas serológicas indicaron que esta última es también infectiva para ovejas. Las cepas patógenas pertenecen al complejoT. parva; este último consiste de un rango de tipos con diferente comportamiento que van desde el tipolawrencei (búfalo) que causa la enfermedad Corridor, a través del tipobovis que causa la theileriosis maligna de Rodesia, hasta el tipoparva que causa la típica Fiebre de la Costa Este. Siete pasajes a través de bovinos y garrapatas de un tipobovis, no produjo transformación alguna al tipoparva.Se conocen entonces 4 especies deTheileriae bovina en el sur de Africa :T. parva (tiposlawrencei ybovis) yT. taurotragi, ambas transmitidas porR. appendiculatus, yT. mutans yT. velifera, ambas transmitidas porAmblyomma spp.

---

Agent De La Theileriose Bovine En Afrique Australe

Résumé Une souche pathogène et quatre souches bovines bénignes deTheileria d'Afrique australe, toutes transmises parRhipicephalus appendiculatus ont été comparées entre elles, puis avec des souches de bovins et de buffles du complexe deT. parva de l'Afrique australe et orientale et enfin avec des souches bovines deT. taurotragi de Tanzanie considérées comme originaires de l'Elan du Cap. Les critères utilisés ont été d'ordre parasitologique, clinique, sérologique avec recherche des caractères d'immunité-croisée.Les sourches bénignes sont similaires àT. taurotragi. La sérologie a suggéreré queT. taurotragi est également infectieuse chez le mouton. La souche pathogène appartient au complexe deT. parva ; ce complexe consiste en une série de types présentant divers comportements depuis le typelawrencei du buffle causant l'affection Corridor, et le typebovis cause de la theileriose maligne de Rhodésie jusqu'au type parva cause de l'East Coast Fever classique. 7 passages bétail-tique d'une souche de typebovis n'ont pas réussi à la transformer en typeparva. 4 espèces de Theileries bovines sont maintenant connues en Afrique australe :T. parva (typeslawrencei etbovis) etT. taurotragi toutes deux transmises parR. appendiculatus, T. mutans etT. velifera avec toutes deuxAmblyomma spp. comme vecteurs.

     

Diagnostic Features of Clinical Neurologic Feline Infectious Peritonitis

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal Arthus-type immune response of cats to infection with FIP virus, a mutant of the ubiquitous feline enteric coronavirus (FECV). The disease may occur systemically or in any single organ system, and primary neurologic disease is a common subset of such manifestations. We examined 16 domestic cats with clinical neurologic FIP and 8 control cats with nonneurologic FIP, with the intention of identifying the ante-and postmortem diagnostic tests that most contribute to accurate diagnosis. Of the 16 cats with neurologic FIP, 15 were less than 2 years of age and all 16 originated from large multiplecat households. The most useful antemortem indicators of disease were positive anti-coronavirus IgG titer in cerebrospinal fluid, high serum total protein concentration, and findings on magnetic resonance imaging suggesting periventricular contrast enhancement, ventricular dilatation, and hydrocephalus. Postmortem diagnosis was facilitated by FIP monoclonal antibody staining of affected tissue and coronavirus-specific polymerase chain reaction. Most cats with neurologic and ocular forms of FIP had patchy, focal lesions, suggesting that recently developed technologies described in this report may be useful for evaluation of cats with suspected FIP.     

Effect of Synthetic Colloids on Refractometric Readings of Total Solids

Veterinary patients are treated with colloid solutions for plasma volume expansion and maintenance of plasma colloid oncotic pressure (COP). In practice COP is usually extrapolated from measurement of albumin, total protein, or refractometric total solids (TS) as an estimate of total protein. The objective of this study was to determine if refractometer readings accurately reflect levels of synthetic colloid in the blood. Serial dilutions of synthetic colloids Dextran 70 and hetastarch into 2.5% and 5% human serum albumin (HSA) were prepared, and COP and TS measurements were performed. Synthetic colloids were found to produce a significant increase in measured COP, without a significant change in refractometric TS readings. Measured COP correlated well with concentration of synthetic colloid. In clinical patients, treatment of decreased COP with synthetic colloids should be monitored by direct measurement of COP or by observing resolution of clinical signs of hypovolemia or edema. (Vet Emerg & Crit Care, 1998; 8: 21–26)