异源精子诱导栉孔扇贝雌核发育二倍体的微管动态变化

采用紫外线遗传灭活的长牡蛎（Crassostrea gigas）精子激活栉孔扇贝（Chlamys farreri）卵子,并用6-DMAP诱导染色体加倍的方法,获得第二极体抑制型雌核发育二倍体早期胚胎。多聚甲醛固定、免疫荧光染色后,运用荧光显微镜观察栉孔扇贝正常发育卵子和异源精子诱导的雌核发育卵子,对其受精过程中微管的动态变化过程进行观察和分析。结果表明：（1）正常发育组受精卵内以微管为基础的纺锤体能够顺利地组装并引导卵细胞进行减数分裂和第一、第二极体的排放,以及雌、雄原核融合和第一次卵裂;（2）异源精子诱导雌核发育的卵子经6-DMAP处理后,部分微管变得模糊或消失,纺锤体受到破坏导致染色体的分离无法进行,第二极体的形成受到抑制并使雌核染色体二倍化;去除6-DMAP作用后,微管重新组装,雌核分裂重新启动继而进行卵裂;精核保持固浓缩状态或轻微膨胀形成雄性原核,但卵裂后期则以致密的染色质体（DCB）形式存在于分裂沟上或进入一个卵裂球中。结果证实,长牡蛎精子经紫外线遗传灭活后可顺利进入并激活栉孔扇贝成熟卵子但不参与合子核的形成,6-DMAP也可有效抑制第二极体的排放而获得雌核发育二倍体胚胎。本实验结果为研究异源精子诱导栉孔扇贝雌核发育的可行性提供了细胞学依据。     

虾夷扇贝精子的主要生理特性与低温保存

试验结果表明,虾夷扇贝精子的最适盐度为23.2～32,最适pH 7.0～8.5.4℃,未稀释精液样品保存5 d后,精子仍有(26±4)%的活力,而经海水稀释后的精液保存70 h后,最高活力仅为(11±1.41)%,用抗冻液稀释的精液,4℃保存5 h后,得到最高的精子活力仅为(24.7±4.16)%.添加抗冻剂后,-18℃的保存效果明显低于4℃保存的未稀释样品.用4℃保存的未稀释精液与栉孔扇贝卵子进行杂交试验,保存3 d内的精子获得的授精率与对照组差异不显著(P0.05).杂交组的幼虫可以正常发育至D形幼虫,与自交组无区别.     

不同灌水处理小麦品种抗旱性鉴定指标遗传规律研究

依据Griffing方法配制种植不同类型的复合双列杂交组合,分别设水、旱二种水分条件。在不同生育时期测定株高、株穗数、株粒重、穗粒数、黄叶片数、SOD、POD、MDA等农艺、生理生化性状,研究不同组合类型对杂交后代的遗传力影响及其与抗旱性的关系及遗传规律。结果表明,可采用抗旱指数(DRI)作为评价小麦品种抗旱性强弱的指标。旱地株粒重、旱地穗下节长、旱地黄叶片、籽粒饱满度、落黄、旱地成穗数、旱地株高等7个质量性状和数量性状与抗旱性关系密切且遗传力较强,可作为高产种质杂种后代的早期抗旱性鉴定指标。SOD活性和MDA含量由于广义遗传力和狭义遗传力均较高,可以在杂种后代早期世代进行选择,OA能力和POD活性广义遗传力较高但狭义遗传力低,适宜在杂种后代的晚期世代进行选择。     

Effect of 2, 3-butanedione monoxime (BDM) on myocardial protection in cold cardioplegia

AIM: The effects of BDM on isolated rat heart in cold cardioplegia were studied. METHODS: Rat heart were subjected to cold cardioplegia at 4℃ for 8, 18 and 24 h.Then each heart was perfused (90 cm H₂O) in Langendorff model at 37℃ for 40 min. In the high K⁺ group(n=24) the hearts were preserved in St.Thomas cardioplegic solution, in BDM group(n=24) hearts were preserved in K-H solution with BDM 30 mmoL/L. RESULTS: After 18 h, heart rate and the coronary flow in BDM group were significantly higher than in high K⁺ group(P＜0.05). Activity of Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase in cell membrane and in mitochondrial membrane in the BDM group was significantly higher than high K⁺ group(P＜0.01). After 24 h, all hearts in high K⁺ group were dead, but were alive in BDM group. CONCLUSION: Under given experiment conditions, BDM did enhance the tolerance to cold ischemia significantly. The results showed that BDM may become a useful agent for prolong the storage period of heart in cold cardioglegia.     

Effects of capsaicin on cognitive impairment and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes in rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion

AIM:To observe the effects of capsaicin on cognitive impairment and mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) of hippocampal CA1 area in the rats with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH), and to investigate the underlying molecule mechanism of cognitive defects induced by ischemia. METHODS:Healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats(n=48) were randomly divided into sham operation (sham) group,CCH model (CCH) group, capsaicin group,and solvent group, 12 rats in each group. Capsaicin at 2.5 mg/kg was intraperitoneally injected twice a week for 4 weeks, starting on the 7th day after surgery. The rats in solvent group were given the same amount of solvent at the same time and under the same conditions. Morris water maze, object recognition test and open field test were conducted to analyze the cognitive related behavior performance on the 4th week after surgery. The changes of MAMs in the hippocampal CA1 region were observed under transmission electron microscope, the co-localization of the MAMs was observed by immunofluorescence double-labeling, and the expression of mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) in the hippocampal tissue was determined by Western blot.RESULTS:Four weeks after the operation, the behavior tests showed that the cognitive function of CCH rats was impaired compared with sham operation group. Compared with solvent group, spatial learning and memory in capsaicin group was improved significantly. The results of transmission electron microscope and confocal microscope showed that the distance of MAMs in the hippocampal CA1 area of CCH rats was increased compared with sham operation group, and the co-localization of the contacts was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with solvent group, the correlation between the mitochondria and ER in capsaicin group was increased (P<0.05). The protein level of Mfn2 in CCH group was significantly lower than that in sham group (P<0.05). Compared with solvent group, the protein level of Mfn2 in capsaicin group was higher (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:CCH rats showed decreased cognitive function and loosen MAMs. Capsaicin improves the cognitive behavior of CCH rats by up-regulation of MAMs.     

F-box domain is involved in regulating the proliferation of MCF-7 cells by FBXO39 protein

AIM: To investigate the effect of F-box domain on the regulation of MCF-7 cell proliferation by FBXO39 protein. METHODS: The effect of F-box domain on the localization of FBXO39 protein in the MCF-7 cells was investigated. MCF-7 cell cDNA library was used as the template resource. The full-length cDNA sequence of FBXO39 was amplified by PCR method and subcloned into eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-C2. The pEGFP-FBXO39ΔF (F-box domain deletion mutation) plasmid was successfully constructed with the template resource of pEGFP-FBXO39 plasmid. The recombinant plasmids were transfected into the MCF-7 cells, and then the expression of FBXO39 and FBXO39ΔF were determined by Western blot. The cellular localization of FBXO39 and FBXO39ΔF were observed by confocal microscopy. The localization of endogenous FBXO39 in the MCF-7 cells was detected by immunofluorescence staining. In addition, MTT and EdU assays were used to measure the cell proliferation, flow cytometry was used to measure the cell cycle distribution, and immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of FBXO39 in the breast cancer and para-carcinoma tissues. RESULTS: The eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-FBXO39 and pEGFP-FBXO39ΔF were constructed successfully. F-box domain had no effect on the cell localization of FBXO39. FBXO39 promoted MCF-7 cell proliferation but FBXO39ΔF did not. FBXO39 was highly expressed in the breast cancer tissues. CONCLUSION: F-box domain had no effect on the cellular localization of FBXO39 protein. However, it plays an important role in the biological function of FBXO39. FBXO39 may be related to breast cancer tumorigenesis.     

肉牛分子育种的研究进展

分子生物学的发展,使人们能够从分子水平上探讨肉牛的育种.本文综述了肉牛遗传资源的保护和利用、基因组学和转基因技术的研究现状和进展,着重阐述了肉牛基因图谱的构建和数量性状基因座的检测与利用,同时指出肉牛分子育种的前景和存在问题.     

仪征-长岭原油管道项目湘赣鄂标段水土保持监测

对仪征—长岭原油管道湘赣鄂标段开展了开发建设项目的水土保持监测工作内容包括：项目基本情况、监测范围及监测分区、监测内容、监测方法、监测结果分析等等。监测结果表明,该工程项目的扰动土地整治率、水土流失治理度、拦渣率、土壤流失控制比等指标都达到了防治标准,但植被恢复指数和林草覆盖率两项指标距预期目标还有较大差距。     

~(137)Cs在卧龙自然保护区土壤中的分布特征

对137Cs在卧龙自然保护区内不同生态系统土壤中的分布特征进行测量分析的结果表明:137Cs在耕地土壤中均匀分布,在其余6种非耕地土壤中呈明显的指数递减分布;非耕地土壤在0~10 cm土层内存在一个137Cs富集层,富集层以下137Cs含量有一个骤降的过程;137Cs在耕地土壤中的分布深度大于耕层厚度20 cm,在非耕地土壤中的分布深度在24 cm左右;137Cs的面积浓度在高山草甸土壤中最大,在适温灌丛土壤中最小,前者是后者的2.6倍。